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Refrigeration and Air Conditioning | HVAC Interview , viva , oral Question and Answers  part 2  Part 1 |  Part...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/refrigeration-and-air-conditioning-hvac-interview-question-part-2/" aria-label="View Post: Refrigeration and Air Conditioning | HVAC Interview Question part 2">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Refrigeration and Air Conditioning | HVAC Interview Question part 2","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/refrigeration-and-air-conditioning-hvac-interview-question-part-2\/","articleBody":"Refrigeration and Air Conditioning | HVAC Interview Question and Answers\u00a0 part 2\r\nRefrigeration and Air Conditioning | HVAC Interview , viva , oral Question and Answers\u00a0 part 2\r\n\r\n\r\nPart 1 |\u00a0 Part 2 |\u00a0 Psychometric Chart Question\u00a0\u00a0\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n31. Define COP\r\n\r\nThe performance of a refrigeration system is defined as the ratio of heat absorbed by the refrigerant to the work input to compress the refrigerant in the compressor.\r\n\r\n32. Name some different types of refrigeration cycles\r\n\r\na. Vapour compression refrigeration cycle\r\nb. Vapour absorption refrigeration cycle\r\nc. Air refrigeration cycle\r\nd. Steam jet refrigeration system\r\ne. Thermo electric refrigeration system\r\n\r\n33. What are the components involved in vapour compression refrigeration system?\r\n\r\n \tCompressor\r\n \tCondenser\r\n \tExpansion valve\r\n \tEvaporator\r\n\r\nRead more\u00a0Vapor Compression Refrigeration System | Basic, Working, Parts Of System\r\n\r\n34. What are the four processes in Air refrigeration cycle?\r\n\r\n \tIsentropic compression: Work is consumed during this process\r\n \tReversible constant pressure cooling: Hot air from the compressor is cooled\r\n \tReversible adiabatic expansion: pressure at outlet equal to refrigerated space\r\n \tReversible constant pressure heating: Heat is removed from the space\r\n\r\n35. Why super heating and sub cooling is preferred vapour compression cycle?\r\n\r\nSuper heating is preferred in practice because it ensures complete vaporisation of the liquid in the evaporator before it enters the compressor. Sub cooling of condensate is preferred because it reduces the vapour percentage after throttling so that refrigeration effect per unit mass is increased.\r\n\r\n36. What are the advantages of vapour compression system?\r\n\r\n \tCOP is very high as compared to other systems.\r\n \tDifferent cold temperature can be obtained by changing the evaporator pressure.\r\n \tPressure in the condenser and evaporator results in higher heat transfer co-efficient.\r\n \tThe system is compact in size\r\n\r\n37. What are the advantages and disadvantages of vapour absorption system?\r\n\r\nAdvantages:\r\n\r\n \tAs there is no moving parts, the operation is quiet and little wear\r\n \tInput to the system is mainly heat, which is low grade energy.\r\n \tUnlike vapour compression system where COP is not reduced drastically as load increases.\r\n \tSuitable for very large capacity (more than 400TR capacity)\r\n\r\nDisadvantages:\r\n\r\n \tNot suitable for low capacity\r\n \tMore precise equipments are needed\r\n \tVery low COP\r\n \tHigh initial cost\r\n\r\n38. What is the principle of absorption refrigeration system?\r\n\r\nIn absorption refrigeration system the vapour is drawn from the evaporator by absorption into liquid having high affinity for the refrigerant. The refrigerant is expelled from the solution by application of heat and its temperature is also increased. This refrigerant in the vapour form passed to the condenser where heat is rejected and the refrigerant gets liquefied. This liquid again flows to the evaporator at reduced pressure and the cycle is completed.\r\n\r\nRead more :\u00a0Vapour Absorption Refrigeration system | Working ,Diagram\r\n\r\n39. What is the refrigeration effect of the refrigerant?\r\n\r\nRefrigeration effect is the total heat removed from the evaporator by the refrigerant. It is called as Tonne of Refrigeration of kW.\r\n\r\n40. Define sub cooling and super heating\r\n\r\nThe process of cooling the liquid refrigerant below its saturation temperature in the condenser is known as sub cooling\r\nThe process of heating the vapour above saturation temperature in the evaporator is known as super heating.\r\n\r\n41. Compare the vapour compression and vapour absorption refrigeration systems?\r\n\r\nvapour compression vs vapour absorption\r\n\r\n43. Mention some important application of cryogenics\r\n\r\nFood preservation, Medicine, Heat treatment, Transport refrigeration,\r\nsuperconductivity and space programs.\r\n\r\n44. Define COP of refrigeration.\r\n\r\nThe COP of a refrigeration system is the ratio of net refrigeration effect to the work required to produce the effect.\r\n\r\n45. What is the purpose of throttling valve in vapour compression system?\r\n\r\nThe function of throttling valve is to allow the liquid refrigerant under high pressure and temperature to pass at controlled rate after reducing its pressure and temperature.\r\n\r\n46. What are the difference between refrigeration and air-conditioning?\r\n\r\n \tRefrigeration is the process of providing and maintaining the temperature in the space below atmospheric temperature.\r\n \tAir conditioning is the process of supplying sufficient volume of clean air containing a specific amount of water vapour and maintaining the predetermined atmospheric condition with in a selected enclosure.\r\n\r\n47. What is the unit of refrigeration?\r\n\r\nThe capacity of refrigeration is expressed in tonnes of refrigeration (TOR).\r\n1 tonnes of refrigeration = 210 kJ\/min (or) = 3.5 kJ\/sec (kW)\r\n\r\nA tonne of refrigeration is defined as the quantity of heat to be removed in order to form one tonne of ice at 0oC in 24 hours.\r\n\r\n48. Define refrigeration effect.\r\n\r\nThe amount of heat extracted in a given time is known as refrigeration effect.\r\n\r\n49. What is the advantage of air refrigeration system?\r\n\r\n \tThe refrigeration used is air, is non poisonous, cheap and easily available.\r\n \tThe system is highly reliable.\r\n \tThe system is weight less and less space is required, therefore, air refrigeration is extremely useful for aircraft refrigeration.\r\n \tAir is non-flammable therefore no risk of fire.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n50. What are the disadvantages of air refrigeration?\r\n\r\n \tThe COP of the air refrigeration system is low therefore the running cost f the system is high.\r\n \tLarge volume of air is required to handle, to compare with other system.\r\n \tTherefore it requires large compressor and expander.\r\n \tThe freezing of moisture in the air during expansion is liable to choice up the valves.\r\n\r\n51. What are the assumptions made for drawing TS diagram of refrigeration system?\r\n\r\n \tThe condition of the vapour leaving the compressor is dry saturated.\r\n \tThe compression of vapour in the compressor is isentropic\r\n \tThere is no pressure loss in the system.\r\n \tThe work required to drive the system is equal to the difference between the heat rejected in the condenser and heat absorbed in the evaporator.\r\n\r\n52. What re the effects of under cooling?\r\n\r\n \tIt increases the refrigeration effect therefore the COP increases.\r\n \tThe mass flow rate of the refrigeration is less than that for the simple saturated cycle.\r\n \tThe reduced mass flow rate reduces the piston displacement per minute.\r\n \tPower per tones of refrigeration losses due to reduction in mass flow rate.\r\n \tThe increased efficiency may be offer some extent by the rise in the condenser pressure.\r\n \tWork input almost remains same.\r\n \tThe heat rejection capacity of the condenser increases.\r\n\r\n53. What are the effects of super heating?\r\n\r\n \tSupper heating increases the net refrigeration effect, but super heating requires more work input therefore super heating reduces the COP.\r\n \tNo moisture contents in the refrigerant therefore no corrosion in the machines part.\r\n\r\n54. What re the advantages of vapour absorption system over vapour compression system?\r\n\r\nAs there is no moving part in the system the operation is quiet and there is very little wearing. The maintenance cost is low. The system does not depend upon electric power. It can be built in capacities well above 1000 tones each. At reduced loads to absorption system is almost as efficient as of full load the COP of the compressor system decrease as the decrease. Absorption refrigeration system can operate at reduced evaporator temperature by increasing the steam which is supplied to generator with little decrease in capacity. The capacity of its compression system drops rapidly with lower evaporator temperature.\r\n\r\n55. What are the properties of ideal refrigerant?\r\n\r\n \tIt should have low boiling point and low freezing point.\r\n \tIt must have low specific heat and high latent heat.\r\n \tIt should have high thermal conductivity to reduce the heat transfer in evaporator and condenser.\r\n \tIt should have low specific volume to reduce the size of the compressor.\r\n \tIt should be non-flammable, non-expensive, non-toxic and non-corrosive.\r\n \tIt should have high critical pressure and temperature to avoid large power requirements.\r\n \tIt should give high COP to reduce the running cost of the system.\r\n \tIt must be cheap and must be readily available.\r\n\r\nRead more ;\u00a0Refrigerant type - Detailed Classification Of Refrigerant\r\n\r\n56. What are the advantages of vapour compression system?\r\n\r\n \tThe COP is better, because the cycle using vapour as refrigerant absorbs and rejects heat at constant temperature.\r\n \tThe expander is eliminated.\r\n \tThe temperature at which the heat is to be absorbed can be changed conveniently by altering the boiling pressure.\r\n \tThe transfer co-efficiently is high\r\n \tThe same refrigerant is used over and over again.\r\n\r\n57. List the important industrial and commercial application of refrigeration.\r\n\r\n \tFood and milk preservation.\r\n \tIce formation\r\n \tComfort and industrial air conditioning\r\n \tStorage of liquid fuels used in rockets.\r\n \tTreatment of metals and processing in chemical and related industries.\r\n \tProcessing of beverages and transportation of food below freezing.\r\n \tMedical and surgical aids especially in preserving human bloods and tissues.\r\n \tOil refining.\r\n\r\n58. How does humidity affect human comfort?\r\n\r\nHuman beings want to feel comfortable. They want to live in an environment that is neither hot not cold, neither very humid nor very dry. The desires of human body could not be adopted with high or low humidity. They feels comfortable only when they can freely dissipate their waste heat to the environment.\r\n\r\n59. What do you mean by the \"Infiltration\" in heat load calculations?\r\n\r\nThe amount of heat load added due the air entering into the A\/c system through small opening in the doors and windows, cracks in the walls etc., are termed as infiltration.\r\n\r\n60. Define RSHF and RTH.\u00a0\r\n\r\nRoom sensible heat factor is defined as the ratio of room sensible heat load to the room total heat load.\r\n\r\n61. What are the important psychrometric processes?\r\n\r\na. Sensible heating and sensible cooling\r\nb. Cooling and dehumidification\r\nc. Heating and humidification\r\nd. Mixing of air streams\r\ne. Chemical dehumidification\r\nf. Adiabatic evaporative cooling\r\n\r\n\r\nPart 1 |\u00a0 Part 2 |\u00a0 Psychometric Chart Question\u00a0\u00a0\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nMore Resources \/articles\r\nTechnical Mechanical Interview Question and Answers\r\nThermal Engineering - Articles , Notes , Interview Q &amp; A\r\nLatest seminar topic index - Report ,PPT Download\r\nNew Mechanical Projects 2020 ( All Projects Post Index List )\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","headline":"Refrigeration and Air Conditioning | HVAC Interview Question part 2","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-05-11","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 19, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/vapour-compression-vs-vapour-absorption-300x130.jpg","height":130,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/refrigeration-and-air-conditioning-hvac-interview-question-part-1/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/1280-sling-psychrometer-300x169.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Refrigeration and Air Conditioning | HVAC Interview Question part 1</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/refrigeration-and-air-conditioning-hvac-interview-question-part-1/">Refrigeration and Air Conditioning | HVAC Interview Question part 1</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Refrigeration and Air Conditioning | HVAC Interview Question and Answers  part 1
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning | HVAC Interview , viva , oral Question and Answers  part 1  Part 1 |  Part...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/refrigeration-and-air-conditioning-hvac-interview-question-part-1/" aria-label="View Post: Refrigeration and Air Conditioning | HVAC Interview Question part 1">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Refrigeration and Air Conditioning | HVAC Interview Question part 1","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/refrigeration-and-air-conditioning-hvac-interview-question-part-1\/","articleBody":"Refrigeration and Air Conditioning | HVAC Interview Question and Answers\u00a0 part 1\r\nRefrigeration and Air Conditioning | HVAC Interview , viva , oral Question and Answers\u00a0 part 1\r\n\r\n\r\nPart 1 |\u00a0 Part 2 |\u00a0 Psychometric Chart Question\u00a0\u00a0\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n1. Name four important properties of a good refrigerant\r\n\r\na. Low boiling point\r\nb. High critical temperature &amp; pressure\r\nc. Low sp.heat of liquid\r\nd. Non \u2013 flammable and non explosive.\r\n\r\n2.. Name some of the equipments used in air conditioning system\r\n\r\na. Filter b. Cooling coil c. Heating coil d. Compressor e. Condenser f. Evaporator\r\n\r\nRead more\u00a0What are the types Of Air Conditioning | Basic Of Air Conditioning\r\n\r\n3. Name any four commonly used refrigerants\r\n\r\na. Ammonia (NH3)\r\nb. Carbon di oxide (CO2)\r\nc. Sulphur di oxide (SO2)\r\nd. Freon \u2013 12.\r\n\r\n4. What are the factors to be considered in air conditioning a room?\r\n\r\na. Temperature of air\r\nb. Humidity of air\r\nc. Purity of air\r\nd. Motion of air.\r\n\r\n5. The door of a running refrigerator inside a room was left open. What will happen?\r\n\r\nThe room will be gradually warmed up.\r\n\r\n6. Differentiate absolute humidity and relative humidity.\r\n\r\nAbsolute humidity is the mass of water vapour present in one kg of dry air. Relative humidity is the ratio of the actual mass of water vapour present in one kg of dry air at the given temperature to the maximum mass of water vapour it can with hold at the same temperature. Absolute humidity is expressed in terms of kg\/kg of dry air. Relative humidity is expressed in terms of percentage.\r\n\r\n7. What is effective temperature?\r\n\r\nThe effective temperature is a measure of feeling warmth or cold to the human body in response to the air temperature, moisture content and air motion. If the air at different DBT and RH condition carries the same amount of heat as the heat carried by the air at temperature T and 100% RH, then the temperature T is known as effective temperature.\r\n\r\n8. What is binary vapour cycle? What are the advantages of that cycle over other cycles?\r\n\r\nBinary vapour cycle is a cycle in which two cycles are combined together to get higher overall efficiency. The advantages are, the overall thermal efficiency is increased and the thermal energy is utilized at high temperature.\r\n\r\n9. What are the fluids used in the topping cycle of the binary vapour cycle?\r\n\r\nMercury, Sodium, Potassium and mixture of sodium and potassium.\r\n\r\n11. What are the disadvantages of mercury as the vapour used in topping cycle?\r\n\r\n \tThe minimum operating temperature of the cycle is very high\r\n \tIt is highly toxic and the cost is high\r\n \tEconomically on attractive due to higher initial cost.\r\n\r\n12. State the unit for refrigeration and any two properties o good refrigerant.\r\n\r\nUnit of refrigeration is expressed in terms of tonne of refrigeration (TR). A tonne of refrigeration is defined as the quantity of heat required to be removed form one tonne of water at 0oC to convert into ice at 0oC in 24 hours.\r\nProperties: Low boiling point, High critical temperature\r\n\r\nRead More : Refrigerant type- Detailed Classification Of Refrigerant\r\n\r\n13. What is dew point temperature?\r\n\r\nThe temperature at which the vapour starts condensing is called dew point temperature. It is also equal to the saturation temperature at the partial pressure of water vapour in the mixture. The dew point temperature is an indication of specific humidity.\r\n\r\n14. Name the important properties of a good refrigerant.\r\n\r\na. Low boiling point\r\nb. High critical temperature\r\nc. High critical pressure\r\nd. Low specific heat of liquid\r\ne. High COP\r\nf. Non toxic, safe and Eco-friendly.\r\n\r\n15. Represent the following psychrometric process using skeleton psychrometric chart?\r\n\r\na. Cooling and dehumidification\r\nb. Evaporative cooling.\r\n\r\n16. What is meant by adiabatic saturation temperature (or) thermodynamic wet bulb temperature?\r\n\r\nIt is the temperature at which the outlet air can be brought into saturation state by passing through the water in the long insulated duct (adiabatic) by the evaporation of water due to latent heat of vapourisation.\r\n\r\n17. What is psychrometer?\r\n\r\nPsychrometer is an instrument which measures both dry bulb temperature and wet bulb temperature.\r\n\r\nsling-psychrometer\r\n\r\n18. What is psychrometric chart?\r\n\r\nIt is the graphical plot with specific humidity and partial pressure of water vapour in y axis and dry bulb temperature along x axis. The specific volume of mixture, wet bulb temperature, relative humidity and enthalpy are the properties appeared in the psychrometric chart.\r\n\r\nRead more Introduction to Psychrometry terms and Psychrometry Charts\r\n\r\n19. Define sensible heat and latent heat.\r\n\r\nSensible heat is the heat that changes the temperature of the substance when added to it or when abstracted from it. Latent heat is the heat that does not affect the temperature but change of state occurred by adding the heat or by abstracting the heat.\r\n\r\n20. What is meant by adiabatic mixing?\r\n\r\nThe process of mixing two or more stream of air without any heat transfer to the surrounding is known as adiabatic mixing. It is happened in air conditioning system.\r\n\r\n21. What are the important psychrometric processes?\r\n\r\na. Sensible heating and sensible cooling,\r\nb. Cooling and dehumidification,\r\nc. Heating and humidification,\r\nd. Mixing of air streams,\r\ne. Chemical dehumidification,\r\nf. Adiabatic evaporative cooling.\r\n\r\n22. Define psychrometry.\r\n\r\nThe science which deals with the study of behaviour of moist air (mixture of dry air and water vapour) is known as psychrometry.\r\n\r\n23. Name few commonly used refrigerants\r\n\r\nAmmonia, Carbon dioxide, HFC134a, HCFC22, HC blend, water and R407C\r\n\r\n24. What is the function of throttling valve in vapour compression refrigeration?\r\n\r\nThe function of throttling valve (Expansion valve) is to allow the liquid refrigerant under high pressure and temperature to pass at controlled rate after reducing its pressure and temperature.\r\n\r\n25. In a vapour compression system where the lowest and highest temperatures occur?\r\n\r\nLowest temperature: at evaporator inlet&amp;Highest temperature: At compressor outlet\r\n\r\n26. Why air cycle refrigeration is more popular in aircraft air-conditioning?\r\n\r\na. Lower equipment weight\r\nb. Utilizes the porting of the cabin air\r\n\r\n27. What are the merits and demerits of air refrigeration system?\r\n\r\nMerits:\r\n\r\n \tThe refrigerant air is cheap and easily available\r\n \tThere is no danger of fire of toxic effects due to leakages.\r\n \tThe equipment weight to tonne of refrigeration is low\r\n\r\nDemerits:\r\n\r\n \tThe quantity of refrigerant used per of refrigeration is high.\r\n\r\n28. What are the various methods to produce refrigeration?\r\n\r\na. By melting of a solid\r\nb. By sublimation of solid.\r\nc. By evaporation of liquid\r\n\r\n29. What are the various components in vapour absorption system?\r\n\r\nAbsorber, Generator, Solution pump and Expansion valve\r\n\r\n30. Name some important refrigeration applications\r\n\r\nIce making, food preservation, milk processing, industrial air-conditioning, chemical related industries, medical and surgical aids, oil refining and treatment of metals.\r\n\r\n\r\nPart 1 |\u00a0 Part 2 |\u00a0 Psychometric Chart Question\u00a0\u00a0\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nMore Resources \/articles\r\nTechnical Mechanical Interview Question and Answers\r\nRAC \/ HVAC - Articles , Notes , Que and Answers\r\nThermal Engineering - Articles , Notes , Interview Q &amp; A\r\nMechanical Subjectwise Basic Concept Notes ,Articles\r\nNew Mechanical Projects 2020 ( All Projects Post Index List )\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","headline":"Refrigeration and Air Conditioning | HVAC Interview Question part 1","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-05-11","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 19, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/1280-sling-psychrometer-300x169.jpg","height":169,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/air-compressor-interview-question-and-answers/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/air-compressor-300x229.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Air Compressor | Interview Question and Answers</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/air-compressor-interview-question-and-answers/">Air Compressor | Interview Question and Answers</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Air Compressor | Interview Question and Answers
Air Compressor | Interview , viva , Oral Question and Answers  1. What is meant by double acting compressor?  In double acting reciprocating...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/air-compressor-interview-question-and-answers/" aria-label="View Post: Air Compressor | Interview Question and Answers">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Air Compressor | Interview Question and Answers","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/air-compressor-interview-question-and-answers\/","articleBody":"Air Compressor | Interview Question and Answers\r\nAir Compressor | Interview , viva , Oral Question and Answers\r\n\r\n1. What is meant by double acting compressor?\r\n\r\nIn double acting reciprocating compressor, the suction compression and delivery of air take place on both side of the piston.\r\n\r\n2. What is meant by single stage compressor?\r\n\r\nIn single stage compressor, the compression of air from the initial pressure to the final pressure is carried out in one cylinder only.\r\n\r\nRead more :\u00a0Reciprocating Compressor - Diagram , Parts , Working\r\n\r\n3. Define clearance ratio\r\n\r\nClearance ratio is defined as the ratio of clearance volume to swept volume (or) stroke volume.\r\nC = Vc \/ Vs Vs \u2013 swept volume, Vc \u2013 clearance volume\r\n\r\n4. What is compression ratio?\r\n\r\nCompression ratio is defined as the ratio between total volume and clearance volume. Compression ratio = Total volume \/ Clearance Volume\r\n\r\n5. What are the factors that effect the volumetric efficiency of a reciprocating compressor?\r\n\r\na. Clearance volume\r\nb. Compression ratio.\r\n\r\n6.Classify the types of air compressors.\r\n\r\n \tAccording to the number of stages: Single stage and Multi stage\r\n \tAccording to the number of cylinder: Single cylinder and Multi cylinder.\r\n \tAccording to the method of cooling: Air cooled compressor and Water cooled compressor\r\n \tAccording to working: Reciprocating compressor and Rotary compressor\r\n \tAccording to the action of air: Single acting compressor and Double acting compressor\r\n \tAccording to the pressure limit: Low pressure, Medium pressure and High pressure compressor.\r\n \tAccording to the capacity:Low capacity, Medium capacity and High capacity compressor.\r\n\r\nRead more\u00a0Refrigerators Compressors - Types Of Compressor used in HVAC\r\n\r\nair compressor\r\n\r\n7. Compressor capacity is highest, when the intake air temperature is _______\r\n\r\nLowest\r\n\r\n8. Compressor capacity is expressed in ___________\r\n\r\nm3\/min\r\n\r\n9. As the compression ratio increases, the volumetric efficiency of air compressor _______\r\n\r\nDecreases\r\n\r\n10. In gas turbine, type of rotary compressor used is __________\r\n\r\nAxial flow compressor\r\n\r\n11. In Aero plane, type of rotary compressor used is _\r\n\r\nAxial flow compressor.\r\n\r\n12. What is the difference between complete (or) perfect inter cooling and incomplete (or) imperfect inter cooling.\r\n\r\nPerfect Inter cooling:\r\nWhen the temperature of air leaving the intercooler (T3) is equal to the original atmospheric air temperature (T1), then this inter cooling is known as perfect inter cooling.\r\n\r\nImperfect Inter cooling:\r\nWhen the temperature of air leaving the inter cooler (T3) is more than original atmospheric air temperature (T1), then this inter cooling is known as Imperfect inter cooling.\r\n\r\nRead more\u00a0 : Multistage Compression | Advantages of Multistage Compression\r\n\r\n13. What is meant by single stage double acting reciprocating compressor?\r\n\r\nIn double acting air compressor, air is admitted alternatively to both sides of the piston. When one side is performing the suction stroke, the other side will be performing compression &amp; delivery of compressed air. Theoretically a double acting compressor will deliver twice the amount of compressed air compared to a single acting compressor of the same size and speed.\r\n\r\n14. Define volumetric efficiency and clearance ratio\r\n\r\nVolumetric efficiency:\r\nVolumetric efficiency is defined as the ratio of volume of free air sucked into the compressor per cycle to the stroke volume of the cylinder.\r\n\r\nClearance ratio:\r\nClearance ratio is defined as the ration of clearance volume of swept volume (or) stroke volume.\r\n\r\n15. What are the drawbacks in single stage compression?\r\n\r\nThe size of the cylinder will be too large. Due to compression, there will be a rise in temperature of air and it will be difficult to reject the heat in the little time available during compression. Some time the high temperature at the end of compression may heat the cylinder head or burn the lubricating oil.\r\n\r\n16. Explain the flow of air controlled in reciprocating compressors\r\n\r\nThe flow of air is controlled by three methods such as\r\na. Centrifugal governor mechanisms\r\nb. Maintaining the speed of motor constant\r\nc. Providing air pocket advancement to the cylinder.\r\n\r\n17. Define mean effective pressure. How is it related to indicated power?\r\n\r\nThe mean effective pressure is defined as hypothetical pressure, which is considered to be acting on the piston throughout the compression stroke.\r\nThe indicated power IP = Mean effective pressure x L x A x N\r\n\r\n18. What is inter-cooler?\u00a0 What does complete inter-cooling mean?\r\n\r\nAn inter-cooler is a simple heat exchanger. It exchanges the heat of compressed air from the low-pressure compressor to the circulating water before the air enters to the high-pressure compressor. The purpose of inter cooling is to minimize the work of compression. If the air is cooled to temperature equal to the temperature of air at the inlet of the Ist stage cylinder, the inter-cooling is complete.\r\n\r\n19. Define Stroke volume and cylinder volume\r\n\r\nWhen a piston traverses one stroke and reaches BDC of TDC, the volume swept by the piston is called stroke volume of swept volume.The addition of stroke volume and clearance volume is called cylinder volume.\r\n\r\n20. Define positive displacement rotary compressor and dynamic displacement compressor.\r\n\r\nIn positive displacement rotary type compressor the air is entrapped in between twosets of engaging surfaces. The pressure rise is either by back flow of air or both by variation inthe volume and back flow.\r\n\r\nIn the dynamic type rotary compressors, the air is not trapped in specific boundaries but it flows continuously and steadily through the machine. The energy from the impeller is transferred to the air as the air flows through the machine and the pressure rise is primarily due to dynamic effects.\r\n\r\n21. Name any six use of compressed air\r\n\r\n \tDrive pneumatic tools such as rock drills\r\n \tProduce air for cleaning purpose in large industries\r\n \tOperate brakes in heavy vehicles\r\n \tTo start large diesel engines\r\n \tSpray painting\r\n \tRefrigeration and Air-conditioning\r\n\r\n22. What are the factors that affect the volumetric efficiency?\r\n\r\n \tClearance volume\r\n \tPressure ratio\r\n \tTemperature\r\n \tStroke volume\r\n \tWire drawing effect\r\n \tValve fluttering\r\n\r\n23. Define Thermodynamic cycle and Air standard cycle\r\n\r\nThermodynamic cycle is defined as the series of processes performed on the system, so that the system attains its original state. If we use air as working substance in the thermodynamic cycles, it is called air standard cycles.\r\n\r\n24. Name the various gas power cycles\r\n\r\nCarnot cycle, Otto cycle, Diesel cycle, Brayton cycle, Duel combustion cycle, Atkinson cycle, Stirling cycle.\r\n\r\n25. What are the assumptions made for air standard cycle analysis?\r\n\r\n \tThe working medium is prefect gas throughout i.e. it follows PV=mRT\r\n \tThe working medium has constant specific heats\r\n \tThe working medium does not undergo any chemical change throughout the cycle\r\n \tThe compression and expansion processes are reversible adiabatic i.e. there is no loss or gain in entropy.\r\n \tKinetic and potential energies of the working fluid are neglected\r\n \tThe operation of the engine is frictionless.\r\n \tHeat is supplied and rejected in a reversible manner.\r\n\r\n26. What are the factors that influence the power input to the compressor?\r\n\r\na. The mass flow of air\r\nb. The pressure ration of the compressor\r\nc. The inlet temperature\r\nd. Temperature difference between the inlet and outlet\r\ne. The properties of the working medium\r\n\r\n27. What are the internal and external loses in centrifugal compressor?\r\n\r\nThe internal losses are due to\r\na. friction between air and wall of flow passage\r\nb. Disc friction\r\nc. leakage between impeller and casing\r\nd. turbulence\r\ne. shock and the external losses are mainly due to the bearing friction\r\n\r\nRead more :\u00a0Centrifugal Compressor | Diagram , Parts , Working , Advantages\r\n\r\n28. Define Isothermal efficiency and Roots efficiency\r\n\r\nIsothermal efficiency is defined as the ratio of Isothermal work to indicated work. Roots efficiency is the ratio of adiabatic work to roots work.\r\n\r\n29. What are the factors that affect the power requirement of a compressor?\r\n\r\na. The total pressure ratio of the compressor\r\nb. The total inlet temperature\r\nc. The total temperature difference between the inlet and outlet\r\nd. The clearance volume\r\ne. The mass flow rate of air\r\n\r\n30. What are the difference between rotary air compressor and reciprocating air compressor?\r\n\r\nReciprocating Air compressor Rotary Air compressor\r\n\r\n \tThe maximum delivery pressure may be as high as 1000 bar.\r\n \tThe maximum delivery pressure is 10 baronly. They are suitable for low discharge of air at very high pressure.\r\n \tThey are suitable for large discharge of air at low pressure.\r\n \tThe speed of air compressor is low .The speed of air compressor is high.The air supply is intermittent .The air supply is continuous. The size of the compressor is large for the given discharge The size of air compressor is small for the same discharge. The balancing is a major problem here is no balancing problem\r\n\r\n31. Why Clearance volume is necessary and explain its importance?\r\n\r\n \tIn actual compressor, the clearance volume is provided to give cushioning effect otherwise the piston will strike the other end of the cylinder. It is generally expressed as percentage of piston displacement.\r\n\r\nImportance of clearance volume:\r\n\r\n \tTo give cushioning effect to the piston\r\n \tTo provide space for valve movement.\r\n \tThe maximum pressure may also be controlled by clearance volume.\r\n \tThe volumetric efficiency and pressure ratio are depends upo9n clearance volume. If clearance volume is more, it reduces the volumetric efficiency.\r\n\r\n32. What are the advantages of multi stage compressor over single stage compressor?\r\n\r\n \tLess work is done by the compressor to deliver the same quantity of air.\r\n \tIt improves the volumetric efficiency for the given pressure ratio.\r\n \tThe size of the two cylinder may be adjusted to suit the volume and pressure of the air.\r\n \tIt reduces the leakage losses considerably and provides effective lubrication.\r\n \tIt provides more uniform torque and thus smaller size of the flywheel is required.\r\n \tIt reduces the cost by selecting a cheap material for construction.\r\n\r\n33. Define volumetric efficiency of the compressor.\r\n\r\nIt is the ratio of actual volume of air drawn in the compressor to the stroke volume of the compressor.\r\n\r\n34. Define mechanical efficiency.\r\n\r\nIt is the ratio of indicated power to shaft power or brake power of motor.\r\n\r\n35. Define Isentropic efficiency.\r\n\r\nIt is the ratio of the isentropic power to the brake power required to drive the compressor.\r\n\r\n36. What is the purpose of inter cooling and explain its process?\r\n\r\nThe purpose of inter cooling in multistage compression is to reduce the temperature without reduction in pressure. It is placed between LP cylinder and HP cylinder. When air flows through it, the temperature is reduced by maintaining the water circulation.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nMore Resources \/articles\r\nTechnical Mechanical Interview Question and Answers\r\nThermal Engineering - Articles , Notes , Interview Q &amp; A\r\nLatest seminar topic index - Report ,PPT Download\r\nMechanical Subjectwise Basic Concept Notes ,Articles\r\nNew Mechanical Projects 2020 ( All Projects Post Index List )\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","headline":"Air Compressor | Interview Question and Answers","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-05-11","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 19, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/air-compressor-300x229.jpg","height":229,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/steam-turbine-and-steam-nozzle-interview-question-and-answers/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/steam-turbine-300x173.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Steam Turbine and Steam Nozzle | Interview Question and Answers</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/steam-turbine-and-steam-nozzle-interview-question-and-answers/">Steam Turbine and Steam Nozzle | Interview Question and Answers</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Steam Turbine and Steam Nozzle | Interview Question and Answers
Steam Turbine and Steam Nozzle | Interview , viva , oral Question and Answers  1. What is meant by super saturation in steam...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/steam-turbine-and-steam-nozzle-interview-question-and-answers/" aria-label="View Post: Steam Turbine and Steam Nozzle | Interview Question and Answers">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Steam Turbine and Steam Nozzle | Interview Question and Answers","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/steam-turbine-and-steam-nozzle-interview-question-and-answers\/","articleBody":"Steam Turbine and Steam Nozzle | Interview Question and Answers\r\nSteam Turbine and Steam Nozzle | Interview , viva , oral Question and Answers\r\n\r\n1. What is meant by super saturation in steam nozzles?\r\n\r\nOwing to the high velocity, the residence time of steam in the steam nozzle is small, and there may not be sufficient time for necessary heat transfer and the formation of liquid droplet. Consequently the condensation of the steam may be delayed for a little while. This phenomenon is known as super saturation.\r\n\r\n2. Define stagnation enthalpy\r\n\r\nThe stagnation enthalpy represents the enthalpy of fluid when it is brought rest adiabatically.\r\n\r\n3. What are the different forms of steam nozzles?\r\n\r\n \tConvergent nozzles\r\n \tDivergent nozzles\r\n \tConvergent divergent nozzles\r\n\r\n4. Define coefficient of nozzle or nozzle efficiency\r\n\r\nNozzle efficiency = (actual enthalpy drop) \/ (isentropic enthalpy drop)\r\n\r\n5. What is the effect of friction on the flow through a steam nozzle?\r\n\r\n \tThe expansion will not be isentropic and enthalpy drop is reduced\r\n \tThe dryness fraction of the steam is increased\r\n \tThe specific volume of steam is increased\r\n\r\nsteam turbine\r\n\r\n6. What are the differences between super saturated flow and isentropic flow in steam nozzles?\u00a0 Super saturated Flow\u00a0 Isentropic Flow\r\n\r\n \tEntropy is not constant Entropy is constant\r\n \tReduction in enthalpy drop No reduction in enthalpy drop\r\n \tMollier diagram could not be used to Mollier diagram can be used to solve the problem\r\n\r\n7. What are the reasons for the drop in velocity of the steam for a given pressure drop in steam nozzle?\r\n\r\n \tFriction between the surface of the nozzle and steam\r\n \tDue to internal fluid friction in the steam\r\n \tDue to shock losses\r\n\r\n8. What are the effects of super saturation in nozzles?\r\n\r\n \tThe dryness fraction of the steam is increased\r\n \tEntropy and specific volume of the steam are increased\r\n \tExit velocity of the steam is reduced\r\n \tMass of the steam discharged is increased.\r\n\r\n9. What are the limits for super saturation in steam nozzles? Why?\r\n\r\nThe super saturation occurs upto above 0.94 dryness fraction and beyond that the condensation of steam occurs suddenly and irreversibly at constant enthalpy and then remain in stable condition.\r\n\r\n10. What are the main functions of steam nozzles?\r\n\r\n \tTo supply high velocity jet of steam in steam turbine\r\n \tTo inject feed water in to the boiler in a steam injector.\r\n\r\n11. Define indicated pressure ration in steam nozzles\r\n\r\nThere is only one value of the ratio (P2\/P1), which produces maximum discharge from the nozzle. That ratio is called Critical Pressure Ratio.\r\n\r\n12. What are the factors those change the fluid properties while a fluid flows through a nozzle with no work or heat transfer?\r\n\r\nChange in flow area\r\nFrictional forces\r\n\r\n13. Explain super saturated flow (or) metastable flow in steam nozzle.\r\n\r\nWhen super heated steam is expanded isentropically, it starts condensing at its meet with dry saturated line. But in nozzles, the velocity of steam is high and hence the time available is very less (about 0.001 sec). So, the condensation phenomenon does not start at point '2' for a flow of point 1 to point 5. As a result of this, the steam continues to expand in dry condition up to point 3. The steam between state 2 and 3 is said to be supersaturated or metastable state and the flow of such super saturated steam is known as supersaturated or metastable flow. A limit to the super heated state was observed by Wilson and a line drawn on the chart through the observed points is known as Wilson line. This line becomes the saturation line for all practical purposes. Beyond this Wilson line, the steam suddenly starts to condense and restores its normal equilibrium state.\r\n\r\n14. What are the effects of super saturation?\r\n\r\nThe super saturation increases the specific volume and entropy of the steam.\r\nSuper saturation reduces the heat drop. Thus exit velocity of the steam is reduced.\r\nSuper saturation increases the dryness fraction of the steam. The temperature at which super saturation occurs will be less than the saturation temperature corresponding to the pressure. Therefore the density of the super saturated steam will be more than for the equilibrium condition, which gives the increase in mass of steam discharged.\r\n\r\n15. Define nozzle efficiency.\r\n\r\nIt is the ratio of actual enthalpy drop to isentropic enthalpy drop.\r\n\r\n16. Differentiate super saturated flow and isentropic flow.\r\n\r\nSuper saturated flow Isentropic flow\r\n\r\nEntropy is not constant Entropy remains constant Super saturation reduces the heat drop.\r\n\r\ntherefore exit velocity is reduced No reduction in enthalpy drop. Molliear diagrams cannot be used Moiller diagrams can be used\r\n\r\n17. Mention the applications of nozzle.\r\n\r\n \tTo inject feed water into the boiler in steam injectors.\r\n \tTo maintain, high vacuum in power plant condensers.\r\n \tTo supply, high velocity jet of steam jet in steam turbines.\r\n \tTo remove, air in condenser.\r\n\r\n18. What are the advantages of convergent divergent nozzle?\r\n\r\nThe steam enters the nozzle at high pressure with negligible velocity and leaves at high velocity with low pressure.\r\nConvergent-divergent nozzles are used in back pressure turbine.\r\n\r\n19. What is the purpose of divergent portion after the throat section of nozzle?\r\n\r\nIt accelerates the steam leaving the nozzle.\r\nIt does not affect the discharge of steam passing through the nozzle.\r\n\r\n20. Define degree of super saturation.\r\n\r\nThe ratio of super saturation pressures corresponding to the temperature between super saturated region is known as the degree of super saturation.\r\n\r\n21. Define blade efficiency or utilization factor.\r\n\r\nIt is the ratio of rotor blade work to energy supplied to the rotor.\r\n\r\n22. Define degree of reaction.\r\n\r\nIt is defined as the ratio of the actual isentropic heat drop to the total heat drop in the entire stage.\r\n\r\n23. What is compounding and explain the purpose of compounding?\r\n\r\nCompounding is the method in which multiple system or rotors are keyed to common shaft in series and the steam pressure or jet velocity is absorbed in stages as it flows over the rotor blades.\r\n\r\nPurpose of compounding: Reduction of pressure (from boiler pressure to condenser pressure) in single results in the very high velocity entering the turbine blades. Therefore, the turbine rotor will run at a high speed about 30,000 rpm which is not useful for practical purpose. In order to reduce the rotor speed up to about 400 m\/sec, compounding of steam turbine is necessary.\r\n\r\n24. What are the types of compounding in steam turbines?\r\n\r\nVelocity compounding, Pressure compounding and Pressure velocity compounding.\r\n\r\n25. What are the advantages and disadvantages of velocity compounded turbines?\r\n\r\nAdvantages:\r\n\r\n \tThe cost of turbine is less because less number of stages.\r\n \tIt occupies less area.\r\n \tThe system is reliable and easy to operate.\r\n \tTurbine casing is very simple and need not be very strong.\r\n\r\nDisadvantages:\r\n\r\n \tThe friction losses are large due to very high steam velocity in the nozzle.\r\n \tLow efficiency because blade speed ratio is less than the optimum value.\r\n \tThe power developed in the later rows is only a fraction of power developed in the first row.\r\n\r\n26. What is governing of steam turbine and state the various methods of governing?\r\n\r\nGoverning is the method of maintaining the constant speed of the turbine irrespective of load variation by varying the flow rate. The various methods of governing in steam turbines are Throttle governing, Nozzle control governing, By pass governing, Combinations of throttle and nozzle governing and Combinations of throttle and by pass governing.\r\n\r\n27. What is the fundamental difference between the operation of impulse and reaction steam turbines?\r\n\r\nIn impulse turbine, the steam completely expands in the nozzle and its pressure remains constant during its flow through the rotor blades. In reaction turbine, the steam expands partially in the nozzle and remaining in rotor blades.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nMore Resources \/articles\r\nTechnical Mechanical Interview Question and Answers\r\nThermal Engineering - Articles , Notes , Interview Q &amp; A\r\nLatest seminar topic index - Report ,PPT Download\r\nMechanical Subjectwise Basic Concept Notes ,Articles\r\nNew Mechanical Projects 2020 ( All Projects Post Index List )\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","headline":"Steam Turbine and Steam Nozzle | Interview Question and Answers","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-05-11","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 19, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/steam-turbine-300x173.jpg","height":173,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/ic-engine-basic-interview-question-and-answers/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/diesel-engine-vs-petrol-engine-300x83.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to IC Engine Basic | Interview Question and Answers</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/ic-engine-basic-interview-question-and-answers/">IC Engine Basic | Interview Question and Answers</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>IC Engine Basic | Interview Question and Answers
IC Engine Basic | Interview viva, oral  Question and Answers  1. What is the fuel injector?  Fuel injector is used in diesel engine to inject...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/ic-engine-basic-interview-question-and-answers/" aria-label="View Post: IC Engine Basic | Interview Question and Answers">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"IC Engine Basic | Interview Question and Answers","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/ic-engine-basic-interview-question-and-answers\/","articleBody":"IC Engine Basic | Interview Question and Answers\r\nIC Engine Basic | Interview viva, oral\u00a0 Question and Answers\r\n\r\n1. What is the fuel injector?\r\n\r\nFuel injector is used in diesel engine to inject and atomize the diesel at the end of the compression stroke.\r\n\r\n2. What is meant by SI engine? Why it is called so?\r\nSI engine means spark ignition engine. In SI engine air fuel mixture is ignited by spark plug hence it is called spark ignition engine. It is also called as petrol engine.\r\n\r\n3. Give four major differences between two stroke and four stroke IC engine.\r\n\r\nTwo stroke cycle engine Vs Four Stroke cycle engine\r\n\r\n1 .One cycle is completed in two stroke of the piston or one revolution of the crank shaft. One cycle is completed in four stroke of the piston or two revolution of the crank shaft.\r\n2. For the same speed, twice the number of power strokes is produced than 4 stroke engine. For the same speed, half of the number of power strokes is produced than 2 stroke engine.\r\n3. Turning moment is more uniform and hence lighter flywheel is used. Turning moment is not uniform and hence bigger flywheel is used.\r\n4. It contains ports which are operated by the piston movement. It contains valves which are operated by valve mechanism.\r\n\r\nRead More :\u00a04 Strokes Vs 2 Stroke Engine - Difference , Comparison\r\n\r\n4. What is meant by CI Engine? Why it is called so?\r\n\r\nCI engine means compression ignition engine. In CI engine the fuel is injected by a fuel injector in atomized form because of high compressed air it gets ignited automatically. Hence it is called as compression ignition engine.\r\n\r\n5. What is a two stroke engine?\r\n\r\nA two stroke engine is an engine in which one cycle of operation is completed in two stroke of the piston or one revolution of the crank shaft.\r\n\r\nRead more :Two Stroke Engine : Parts , Cycle , Diagram , Working , Application\r\n\r\n6. What is a four stroke engine?\r\n\r\nA four stroke engine is an engine in which one cycle of operation is completed in four stroke of the piston or two revolution of the crank shaft.\r\n\r\n7. Name the four strokes of an IC engine?\r\n\r\nSuction, compression, power and exhaust stroke\r\n\r\n8. What is the purpose of heat balance sheet in IC engine?\r\n\r\nIt is the accounts of heat supplied and heat utilized in various ways in the system. The heat balance is generally done by minute basis or percentage basis.\r\n\r\nRead more :How To Calculate Heat Balance Sheet For IC Engine\r\n\r\n9. Differentiate petrol and Diesel engines.\r\n\r\ndiesel engine vs petrol engine\r\n\r\n10. Define compression ratio.\r\n\r\nIt is defined as the ratio of the volume of cylinder to the clearance volume.\r\n\r\n11. Define mean effective pressure.\r\n\r\nIt is defined as the average pressure acting on the piston during the entire power stroke that would produce the same amount of net work output during the actual cycle. It is also defined as the ratio of work-done per cycle to swept volume.\r\n\r\n12. Define Clearance Volume.\r\n\r\nIt is the minimum volume occupied by the fluid in the cylinder when the piston reaches the top dead centre position.\r\n\r\n13. Define work ratio of gas turbine.\r\n\r\nIt is the ratio of network to turbine work.\r\n\r\n14. What is the function of push rod and rocker arm in IC engine?\r\n\r\nThe function of push rod and rocker arm in IC engine is to transmit motion of the cam tothe valve.\r\n\r\n15. What is scavenging in IC engine?\r\n\r\nThe process of pushing out of exhaust gases from the cylinder by admitting the freshcharge into the cylinder is known as scavenging.\r\n\r\nRead more :Advantages And Disadvantages Of Two-Stroke Engine Over Four-Stroke Engine\r\n\r\n16. What is the function of idling jet in a carburetor?\r\n\r\nThe function of idling jet in a carburetor is to supply a mixture at an air fuel ratio of 10:1for low speed operation.\r\n\r\n17. What are the requirements of a fuel injection system of a diesel engine?\r\n\r\n \tTo inject the fuel at correct moment, and quantity at various load conditions\r\n \tTo inject the fuel in a finely atomized condition.\r\n \tTo distribute the fuel uniformly in the combustion chamber.\r\n \tTo control the rate of fuel injection.\r\n\r\nRead more :\u00a0Fuel Injection System | Components , types , Working Principle\r\n\r\n18. What is the purpose of a thermostat in an engine cooling system?\r\n\r\nThe purpose of thermostat in cooling system is to control the water flow. It allows thewater circulation only, when the temperature of the radiator is about 750\u00b0C.\r\n\r\n19. List the advantages of electronic ignition system over the conventional system.\r\n\r\n \tLess weight.\r\n \tCompact\r\n \tSpark timing can be accurately controlled.\r\n \tWiring is simple\r\n\r\n20.What is meant by ignition lag?\r\n\r\nIt is the time interval between the instant of spark and the instant when there is anoticeable rise in pressure due to combustion.\r\n\r\n21. Differentiate between brake power and indicated power of an IC engine.\r\n\r\nBrake Power: It is defined as the power developed at output crank shaft of an engine for doing external work.\r\nIndicated Power: It is the power developed by the engine inside the cylinder due to the fuel combustion in the combustion chamber.\r\n\r\n22. What is Morse test?\r\n\r\nMorse test is a performance test conducted on multi cylinder engines to measure the indicated power without the use of indicator diagram.\r\n\r\n23. Which engine will have more cooling requirement two-stroke engine or four-stroke engine? Why?\r\n\r\nTwo stroke-engines will have more cooling requirements since power is developed for each revolution of crank. So, for each crank revolution, Combustion occurs and more heat will be generated inside the cylinder.\r\n\r\n24. What is the function of the carburetor?\r\n\r\n \tTo atomize the fuel and mix it homogeneously with the air\r\n \tTo run the engine smoothly without hunting of fuel wastage.\r\n \tTo provide rich mixture during starting and idling and also for quick acceleration.\r\n \tTo provide a constant air fuel ratio at various loads.\r\n \tTo start the engine even in cold weather conditions.\r\n\r\nRead more :\r\nConstruction and Working , Diagram Of Simple Carburetor\r\nTypes Of Carburetor | Functions of Carburetor\r\n\r\n25. List the requirements of ignition system.\r\n\r\n \tIgnition should takes place at the end of compression stroke.\r\n \tThere should be no missing cycle due to the spark failure.\r\n \tIgnition must add sufficient energy for starting and sub staining the charge burning\r\n \tIgnition system should supply the minimum required energy within a small volume in a very short time.\r\n\r\n26. What are the different types of ignition system in S.I. engines?\r\n\r\nBattery Ignition system and Magneto ignition system.\r\n\r\n27. What are the advantages of Battery ignition system?\r\n\r\n \tThe initial cost is low (except battery).\r\n \tIt provides better spark at low speed of engine during starting and idling.\r\n \tMaintenance cost is negligible. (expect for battery)\r\n \tThe spark efficiency remains unaffected by advance and retard positions.\r\n \tThe simplicity of the distributor drive.\r\n\r\nRead more :\u00a0Battery ignition System- Working , Advantages and Disadvantages\r\n\r\n28. What are the disadvantages of Battery ignition system?\r\n\r\n \tThe engine cannot be started if the battery is weak\r\n \tThe weight of the battery is greater than the magneto.\r\n \tThe wiring involved in the coil ignition is more complicated than magneto.\r\n \tThe sparking voltage drops with increasing speed of the engine.\r\n\r\n29. What is the necessity of cooling in IC engine?\r\n\r\n \tTo avoid uneven expansion of the piston in the cylinder.\r\n \tTo reduce the temperature of piston and cylinder.\r\n \tTo avoid the overheating of the cylinder.\r\n \tTo avoid the physical and chemical changes in the lubricating oil this may cause sticking of piston rings.\r\n\r\nRead More :\u00a0Cooling System | Types , Advantages and Disadvantages\r\n\r\n30. What is flash point?\r\n\r\nFlash point is the lowest temperature at which the given oil gives sufficient vapour togive a moment of flash, when a flame is passed across the surface.\r\n\r\n31. What are the different types of cooling in IC engines?\r\n\r\n \tAir cooling\r\n \tWater cooling system\r\n \tThermosyphon cooling\r\n \tForced circulation cooling\r\n \tThermostatic regulator cooling and Evaporative cooling\r\n\r\n32. What is the purpose of lubrication in IC engines?\r\n\r\n \tTo reduce the friction and wear between the parts having the relative motion.\r\n \tTo cool the surfaces by carrying away heat generated due to friction.\r\n \tTo seal between two moving parts.\r\n \tTo clean the surface by carrying away the carbon particles caused by wear.\r\n \tTo absorb the shock between bearings and other parts and consequently reduce noise.\r\n\r\nRead more:\u00a0Engine Lubrication System | Working Principle , Types and Components\r\n\r\n33. What is petrol system of lubrication?\r\n\r\nA special type of lubrication system used in two stroke engines in which lubricant (up to60%) is thoroughly mixed with fuel and supplied to the engine. It is also known as mist lubrication.\r\n\r\n34. What is auto ignition?\r\n\r\nA mixture of fuel and air can react spontaneously and produce heat by chemical reaction without the uses of flame to initiate the combustion, because the temperature is high\r\n\r\n35. What is meant by pre-ignition?\r\n\r\nAt very high temperature carbon deposits formed inside the combustion chamber ignites the air fuel mixture much before normal ignition occurred by spark plug. This is called pre-ignition.\r\n\r\n36. What are the factors affecting ignition lag?\r\n\r\nCompression ratio, speed of the engine, Chemical nature of fuel and air fuel ration, and Initial pressure and temperature.\r\n\r\nRead More :\u00a03 stages of combustion in SI engines with respect to crack angle\r\n\r\n37. What is meant by knocking? How it occurs in diesel engines?\r\n\r\nIf the delay period of C.I. engines is long, more fuel is injected and accumulated in the chamber. When ignition begins, pulsating pressure rise can be noticed and creates heavy noise. This is known as knocking.\r\n\r\n38. What are the effects of knocking?\r\n\r\n \tThe engine parts get overheated which may cause damage to the piston.\r\n \tIt creates heavy vibration of engine and hence louder noise and roughness.\r\n \tDecrease in power output and efficiency.\r\n \tMore heat is lost to the coolant as the dissipation rate is rapid.\r\n \tThe auto-ignition may over heat the spark plug and hence pre-ignition occurs Carbon deposits.\r\n\r\n39. Define specific fuel consumption?\r\n\r\nIt is the ratio of fuel consumption per unit time of power developed.\r\n\r\n40. Explain an experimental method to determine the frictional power of an IC engine.\r\n\r\nRetardation test can be carried out to determine the frictional power of an diesel engine. In this method, the engine is started and made to run at full load conditions at rated speed. After sometimes, the fuel supply is cutoff and the necessary readings are noted. Repeat the above procedure for 50% load and calculated the frictional power of an engine using formulas.\r\n\r\n41. What is the use of helical groove in a fuel injection pump used for CI engine?\r\n\r\n \tTo control the delivery stroke effectively.\r\n \tTo control the amount of fuel supplied to the engine.\r\n\r\n42. Define the term brake power.\u00a0\r\n\r\nIt is defined as the power developed at output crank shaft of an engine for doing external work\r\n\r\n\r\nRead more :\u00a0100 IC engine and Automobile Technical Questions\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nMore Resources \/articles\r\nTechnical Mechanical Interview Question and Answers\r\nIC Engine Articles , Notes , Question and Answer\r\nThermal Engineering - Articles , Notes , Interview Q &amp; A\r\nMechanical Subjectwise Basic Concept Notes ,Articles\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","headline":"IC Engine Basic | Interview Question and Answers","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-05-11","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 19, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/diesel-engine-vs-petrol-engine-300x83.jpg","height":83,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/gas-power-cycles-interview-question-answers/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/air-standard-otto-cycle-300x227.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Gas Turbine and Gas power Cycle | Interview Question and Answers</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/gas-power-cycles-interview-question-answers/">Gas Turbine and Gas power Cycle | Interview Question and Answers</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Gas Turbine and Gas power Cycle | Interview Question and Answers
Gas Turbine and Gas power Cycle | Interview viva, oral  Question and Answers  1. Define cycle.  It is defined as a series of...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/gas-power-cycles-interview-question-answers/" aria-label="View Post: Gas Turbine and Gas power Cycle | Interview Question and Answers">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Gas Turbine and Gas power Cycle | Interview Question and Answers","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/gas-power-cycles-interview-question-answers\/","articleBody":"Gas Turbine and Gas power Cycle | Interview Question and Answers\r\nGas Turbine and Gas power Cycle | Interview viva, oral\u00a0 Question and Answers\r\n\r\n1. Define cycle.\r\n\r\nIt is defined as a series of state changes such that the final state is identical with the initial state.\r\n\r\n2. Define the term compression ratio.\r\n\r\nCompression ratio is the ratio between total cylinder volume to clearance volume. It is denoted by the letter \u2018r\u2019\r\n\r\n3. What is the range of compression ratio for SI and diesel engine?\r\n\r\n \tFor petrol of SI engine 6 to 8\r\n \tFor diesel engine 12 to 18\r\n\r\n4. Which cycle is more efficient for the same compression ratio and heat input, Otto cycle or Diesel cycle?\u00a0\r\n\r\nOtto cycle is more efficient than diesel cycle\r\n\r\n5. Write the expression for efficiency of the Otto cycle?\r\n\r\nEfficiency n =1 \u2013 1\/(rc)^\u03b3-1\r\n\r\n6. The efficiency of the diesel cycle approaches the Otto cycle efficiency when the cut off ratio is______\r\n\r\nAns: Reduced\r\n\r\n7. The speed of a four stroke I.C. engine is 1500rpm. What will be the speed of the cam shaft?\r\n\r\n750m.\r\n\r\n8.All the four operations in two stroke engine are performed in ________ number of revolution of crank shaft.\r\n\r\nAns: One\r\n\r\n9. All the four operations in four stroke engine are performed in _______ number of revolution of crank shaft.\r\n\r\nAns: Two\r\n\r\n10. In otto cycle the compression ratio is _______ to expansion ratio.\r\n\r\nAns: Equal\r\n\r\n11. In diesel engine, the compression ratio is __________ than expansion ratio?\r\n\r\nAns: Greater\r\n\r\n12. What is meant by cutoff ratio?\r\n\r\nCutoff ratio is defined as the ratio of volume after the heat addition to before the heat addition. It is denoted by the letter \u2018\u03c1\u2019\r\n\r\n13. What are the assumptions made for air standard cycle.\r\n\r\na. Air is the working substance.\r\nb. Throughout the cycle, air behaves as a perfect gas and obeys all the gas laws.\r\nc. No chemical reaction takes place in the cylinder\r\nd. Both expansion and compression are strictly isentropic\r\ne. The values of specific heats of the air remain constant throughout the cycle.\r\n\r\n14. Define Mean effective pressure of an I.C. engine.\u00a0\r\n\r\nMean effective pressure is defined as the constant pressure acting on the piston during the working stroke. It is also defined as the ratio of work done to the stroke volume or piston displacement volume.\r\n\r\n15. What is the other name given to Otto cycle?\r\n\r\nConstant volume cycle.\r\n\r\nair standard otto cycle\r\n\r\n16. What is an air standard efficiency?\r\n\r\nIt is defined as the ratio of work done by the cycle to the heat supplied to the cycle.\r\n\r\nEfficiency \u03ae = Work done \/ Heat supplied\r\n\r\n17. What will be the effect of compression ratio on efficiency of the diesel cycle?\r\n\r\nEfficiency increases with the increase in compression ratio and vice \u2013 versa.\r\n\r\n18. What will be the effect of cut off ratio on efficiency of the diesel cycle?\r\n\r\nEfficiency decreases with the increase of cut off ratio and vice \u2013 versa.\r\n\r\n19. Define: Specific fuel consumption.\r\n\r\nSFC is defined as the amount of fuel consumed per brake power hour of work.\r\n\r\n20. What is the difference between Otto and Diesel cycle.\r\n\r\nOtto Cycle&amp; Diesel Cycle\r\n1. Otto cycle consist of two adiabatic and two constant volume process.\r\n1. It consists of two adiabatic, one constant volume and one constant pressure processes.\r\n2. Compression ratio is equal to expansion ratio\r\n2. Compression ratio is greater than expansion ratio.\r\n3. Heat addition takes place at constant volume.\r\n3. Heat addition takes place at constant pressure\r\n4. Compression ratio is less. It is varies from 6 to 8.\r\n\r\n21. The thermal efficiency of a two stroke cycle engine is _______ than the four stroke cycle engine.\r\n\r\nLesser\r\n\r\n22. What is meant by calorific value of a fuel?\r\n\r\nCalorific value of a fuel is defined as the amount of heat liberated by the compete combustion of unit quantity of a fuel.\r\n\r\n23. The efficiency of the Dual cycle is ___ Greater ____ than the diesel cycle and __Lesser____ than the otto cycle for the same \r\n\r\ncompression ratio.\r\n\r\n24. What are the factors influencing of the Dual cycle?\r\n\r\na. Compression ratio\r\nb. Cut off ratio\r\nc. Pressure ratio\r\nd. Heat supplied at constant volume and constant pressure.\r\n\r\n25. The Brayton cycle is mainly used in _______\r\n\r\nGas turbine power plant.\r\n\r\n26. Mention the various processes in diesel cycle and dual cycle.\r\n\r\nDiesel cycle: Isentropic compression and expansion, constant volume heat rejection and constant pressure heat addition.\r\nDual cycle: Isentropic compression and expansion, partially heat supplied at constant volume and remaining at constant pressure and constant volume heat rejection.\r\n\r\n27. The diesel engine draws the mixture of diesel and air during suction stroke (True \/ False)\r\n\r\nAns: False\r\n\r\n28. What is the effect of air standard efficiency of Diesel cycle with compression ratio and cut off ratio?\r\n\r\nEfficiency increases with the increase in compression ratio and vice-versa. The efficiency decreases with the increase in cut off ratio and vice-versa.\r\n\r\n29. Name the various gas power cycles\r\n\r\nCarnot cycle, Otto cycle, Diesel cycle, Dual cycle, Brayton cycle, Atkinson cycle, Stirling cycle\r\n\r\n30. Define mean effective pressure as applied to gas power cycles.\r\n\r\nMean effective pressure is defined as the constant pressure acting on the piston during\r\n\r\n31. Compare the Diesel and Brayton cycles Diesel cycle &amp; Brayton cycle\r\n\r\n1. It consist of two isentropic, one constant 1. It consist of two isentropic, one constant volume and one constant pressure processes pressure processes\r\n2. Heat is rejected at constant volume 2. Heat is rejected at constant pressure\r\n3. Used in Diesel engines 3. Used in gas turbines\r\n\r\n32. Why Brayton cycle is used in gas turbine?\r\n\r\nInside the turbine the gas is continuously flowing in the processes are flow processes. Since all the processes involved in Brayton cycle is flow process, it has been used as the cycle for gas turbine.\r\n\r\n33. What is meant by closed cycle gas turbine?\r\n\r\nIn closed cycle gas turbine, the same working fluid is recirculated again and again.\r\n\r\n34. What is meant by open cycle gas turbine?\r\n\r\nIn open cycle gas turbine, the exhaust gas form turbine is exhausted to the atmosphere and fresh air is taken in compressor for every cycle.\r\n\r\n35. Gas turbine is working on ----------- cycle\r\n\r\nBrayton or Joules cycle.\r\n\r\n36. How can we increase the efficiency of the gas turbine?\r\n\r\nBy providing inter cooler, re-heater along with heat exchanges.\r\n\r\n37. What is the function of intercooler in gas turbines? Where it is placed?\r\n\r\nThe intercooler is placed between L.P. and H.P. compressors. It is used to cool the gas coming from L.P. compressor to its original temperature.\r\n\r\n38. Why re-heater is necessary in gas turbine? What are its effects?\r\n\r\nThe expansion process is very often performed in two separate turbine stages. The re-heater is placed between the H.P. and L.P. turbines to increase the enthalpy of the exhaust gas coming from H.P. turbine.\r\n\r\nEffects:\r\n1. Turbine output is increased for the same compression ratio\r\n2. Thermal efficiency is less.\r\n\r\n39. What is the function of regenerator in gas turbine?\r\n\r\nThe main function of heat regenerator is to exchange the heat from exhaust gas to the-compressed air for preheating before combustion chamber. It increases fuel economy and thermal efficiency.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nMore Resources \/articles\r\nTechnical Mechanical Interview Question and Answers\r\nThermal Engineering - Articles , Notes , Interview Q &amp; A\r\nLatest seminar topic index - Report ,PPT Download\r\nMechanical Subjectwise Basic Concept Notes ,Articles\r\nNew Mechanical Projects 2020 ( All Projects Post Index List )\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","headline":"Gas Turbine and Gas power Cycle | Interview Question and Answers","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-05-11","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 19, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/air-standard-otto-cycle-300x227.jpg","height":227,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <nav class="pagination-wrapper" aria-label="article pagination"> <a class="prev page-numbers" href="?page_num=48">&laquo; PREV</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=1"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>1</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">&hellip;</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=47"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>47</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=48"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>48</a> <span aria-current="page" class="page-numbers current"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>49</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=50"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>50</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=51"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>51</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">&hellip;</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=338"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>338</a> <a class="next page-numbers" href="?page_num=50">NEXT &raquo;</a></nav></section></main><aside id="secondary" class="widget-area"><div class="about-wrapper"><h2 class="widget-title" style="background: #d693c6; color: #ff392e">About Us</h2><div class="about-image" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Sachin-Thorat-300x300-min.png')"></div><p class="about-copy">LearnMech.Com is a Mechanical Project-oriented platform run by Sachin Thorat who is a B-Tech Graduate in Mechanical Engineering. 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