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Welding Technology related questions and Answers for Oral , Interview , viva Examination .  Read More: Welding Inspector Interview question and...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/welding-technology-interview-question-and-answers/" aria-label="View Post: Welding Technology Interview Question and Answers">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Welding Technology Interview Question and Answers","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/welding-technology-interview-question-and-answers\/","articleBody":"Welding Technology Interview Question and Answers\r\nWelding Technology related questions and Answers for Oral , Interview , viva Examination .\r\n\r\nRead More:\u00a0Welding Inspector Interview question and Answers\r\n\r\n1. Define welding. List out its uses.\r\n\r\n \tWelding is the process of joining similar or different metal by heating.\r\n \tWelding is used in the fabrication of automobile bodies, air craft, machine frames, boilers, ship building, railway wagons, etc.\r\n\r\n2. What are the types of welding? Give example.\r\n\r\n1) Plastic welding or pressure welding\r\nExample : Electric resistance welding.\r\n2) Fusion welding or non \u2013 pressure welding.\r\nExample : Electric arc welding, gas welding.\r\n\r\nRead More :\u00a0Classification Of Welding Processes and allied Processes\r\n\r\n3. List out the equipment needed for arc welding.\r\n\r\n1. Welding generator(D.C)\r\n2. Electrodeholder 8. Apron\r\n3. Electrode 9. Chipping hammer\r\n4. Cables 10. Wire brush\r\n5. Earthing clamps\r\n6. Protective shield or transformer(A.C) 7. Gloves\r\n\r\n4. What are the types of consumable electrodes?\r\n\r\n1. Bare electrodes: They are not coated with flux.\r\n2. Lightly coated electrodes: A light layer of flux is coated on the electrodes.\r\n3. Heavily coated electrodes: Flux is coated on the electrodes to a thickness of 1 mm to 3 mm.\r\n\r\n5. Give the expansion of MIG and TIG\r\n\r\nMIG - Metal Inert Gas welding\r\nTIG - Tungsten Inert Gas welding\r\n\r\nRead more : Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) or Gas Tungsten Arc (GTA) welding\r\n\r\n6. What are the advantages of atomic hydrogen welding?\r\n1. High quality weld joint can be obtained.\r\n2. Smooth and uniform weld is formed.\r\n3. Very high heat is produced.\r\n4. The life of tungsten electrode is more as A.C. supply is given.\r\n\r\n7. What is plasma? List out the advantages of plasma arc welding.\r\n\r\nIonised gas jet is called plasma. It produces high heat and is used for joining metal together.\r\n\r\nAdvantages of plasma arc welding :\r\n1) All metals can be welded by this method.\r\n2) No filler rod is needed.\r\n3) Welding speed is high.\r\n4) Work pieces with more thickness can also be welded.\r\n5) High quality welding joint can be obtained.\r\n\r\n8. Write the applications of plasma arc and submerged arc welding.\r\n\r\n \tStainless steel, carbon steel, monel metal, titanium, copper, brass, etc. can be welded by plasma arc welding method.\r\n \tSubmerged arc welding is used for welding low carbon steel and alloy steel.\r\n\r\n9. What is electro slag welding? Give its applications.\r\n\r\n \tElectro slag welding is a process of joining two thick metal plates by the heat generated when electric current is\r\npassed through molten slag.\r\n \tBoiler plate, turbine shaft, stainless steel and carbon steel can be welded by this method.\r\n\r\n10. What is resistance welding? List out the types of resistance welding.\r\n\r\n \tIn resistance welding, the metal is heated to plastic stage due to the heat generated by the electric resistance.\r\n \tThe types of resistance welding are :\r\n\r\n1. Butt welding\r\n2. Spot welding\r\n3. Seam welding\r\n4. Projection welding\r\n\r\n11. Give the difference between upset butt welding and flash butt welding.\r\n\r\nIn upset butt welding, the metals to be welded are clamped in copper jaws so that there is a light contact at the ends of metals. In flash but welding, the metals to be welded are clamped in jaws so that there is a small air gap between the ends of metals.\r\n\r\n12. What is spot welding? Give its applications.\r\n\r\n \tSpot welding is a type of resistance welding which is used for joining overlapping sheet metals by making weld at\r\nregular interval.\r\n \tBoxes, cans, automobile frames and air conditioners can be welded by spot welding.\r\n\r\n13. What is seam welding? List out its applications.\r\n\r\n \tSeam welding is a process of making weld continuously between two overlapping sheet metals.\r\n \tSeam welding is used for welding radiators, drums, leak proof tanks, automobile silencers, etc.\r\n\r\nDiagram Of Seam Welding Process\r\n\r\n14. What is thermit? Give the applications of thermit welding.\r\n\r\n \tThermit steel is a mixture of aluminium powder and iron oxide in the ration of 1:3.\r\n \tThermit welding is used for joining heavy parts, rails, pipes, shafts, cables and worn out machine frames.\r\n\r\n15. What is solid state welding? Give its types.\r\n\r\nSolid state welding is the process of joining metals in solid state without melting them. The types of solid state welding are\r\n1. Friction welding 3. Diffusion welding\r\n2. Ultrasonic welding 4. Explosive welding\r\n\r\n16. List out the applications and advantages of friction welding.\r\n\r\nApplications:\r\nFriction welding is used for welding aero engine parts and gas turbine shafts. It is also used for welding pinions to shafts, rods to yokes, flanges to pipes, etc.\r\n\r\nAdvantages :\r\n1) The initial cost is low.\r\n2) Dissimilar metals can be welded.\r\n3) It is a simple and fast process.\r\n4) High quality weld can be obtained.\r\n5) The power consumption is less.\r\n\r\nRead more ;\u00a0Seminar On Friction Stir Welding report Pdf Download\r\n\r\n17. List out the applications of ultrasonic welding.\r\n1. It is used for welding metals up to 3 mm thick.\r\n2. Thin sheets can be joined with thick sheets.\r\n3. Electrical and electronic components can be welded.\r\n4. Plastic components can also be joined.\r\n5. It is used for welding in nuclear reactor and aircraft parts.\r\n\r\n18. What are the techniques uses in diffusion welding?\r\n1. Hot pressure technique\r\n2. Gas pressure technique\r\n3. Vacuum furnace technique\r\n\r\n19. List out the advantages and disadvantages of explosive welding.\r\n\r\nAdvantages\r\n1. It is a simple and fast process.\r\n2. The welding strength is high.\r\n3. Large surfaces can be welded.\r\n\r\nDisadvantages\r\n1. It a risky process. So high carefulness is needed.\r\n2. High brittle metals cannot be welded.\r\n3. It is not suitable for welding metals of low melting point\r\n\r\nRead more ;\u00a0Explosive Welding- Principle , Working, Application\r\n\r\n20. What is the principle involved in electron beam welding? Give its applications.\r\n\r\nIn this method, welding is done by the heat produced when the high velocity electron beams are focused on the object.\r\n\r\nApplication:\r\n1. It is used for welding automobile and aero plane parts.\r\n2. It is used for welding high temperature metals like tungsten, molybdenum and tantalum.\r\n3. Pressure vessel and turbine parts can be welded.\r\n\r\n21. What is LASER? List out the advantages of laser beam welding.\r\n\r\nLASER means Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. It is a beam of light having a single wave length.\r\n\r\nAdvantages :\r\n1. The temperature can be controlled easily.\r\n2. Welding can be accurately done.\r\n3. No distortion occurs.\r\n4. Heat treated components can be welded without affecting its properties.\r\n5. The weld is not affected by oxidation.\r\n\r\n22. What is gas welding? Name the gases used in gas welding.\r\n\r\nGas welding is a process of joining metals by the heat of the flame formed when oxygen burns with another gas\r\nThe following gases are used to produce flame in gas welding.\r\n1) Oxygen \u2013 acetylene\r\n2) Oxygen - hydrogen\r\n3) Air- acetylene\r\n\r\n23. List out the equipment need for gas welding.\r\n\r\n1. Gas cylinders 2. Pressure regulators 3. Pressure gauges 4. Hoses 5. Welding torch\r\n\r\n24. What are the three types of flames in gas welding?\r\n\r\n1) Neutral flame 2) Carburising flame 3) Oxidising flame\r\n\r\n25. What is neutral flame? Give its application.\r\n\r\n \tThe neutral flame is produced when equal quantity of oxygen and acetylene gases are used.\r\n \tNeutral flame is used for welding steel, cast iron, aluminium, copper and stainless steel.\r\n\r\n26. When carburising flame is produced? State its applications.\r\n\r\n \tCarburising flame is produced when the quantity of acetylene is more than oxygen.\r\n \tCarburising flame is used for welding steel, alloy steels, non-ferrous metals, nickel and monel metal.\r\n\r\n27. How oxidising flame is produced? List out its applications.\r\n\r\n \tOxidising flame is produced when the quantity of oxygen is more than acetylene.\r\n \tOxidising flame is used for welding brass, bronze, manganese and steel.\r\n\r\n28. Give the applications of oxygen cutting and arc cutting.\r\n\r\n \tOxygen cutting is used to cut and remove runner and riser from steel castings.\r\n \tArc cutting is used for cutting cast iron, alloy steel and nonferrous metals.\r\n\r\n29. What is hard facing? List out its applications.\r\n\r\nHard facing is a process of coating a hard metal powder on the surface of soft metals.\r\n\r\nApplication\r\n1. It is used for coating tungsten carbide and chromium carbide on the surface of cutting tool.\r\n2. It is used in reconditioning of worn out machine parts by coating required metal on it.\r\n3. It is used for coating hard metal in the die surface.\r\n\r\n30. What is bronze welding? Give its applications.\r\n\r\n \tBronze welding is an intermediate process between brazing and welding\r\n \tBronze welding can be done in cast iron, steel, copper, bronze and brass.\r\n\r\n31. Differentiate between soldering and brazing.\r\n\r\n \tSoldering is the process of joining two similar or dissimilar metals by using a low melting alloy called solder. Solder is an alloy of tin and lead.\r\n \tBrazing is the process of joining two similar or dissimilar metals by using a high melting alloy called spelter. Spelter is a mixture of copper and zinc alloy.\r\n\r\n32. List out the types of brazing.\r\n\r\n1. Torch brazing 3. Furnace brazing\r\n2. Dip brazing 4. Induction brazing\r\n\r\n33. What are the types of welded joints?\r\n\r\n1. Butt joint 2. Lap joint 3. \u2018T\u2019 joint 4. Corner joint 5. Flange joint\r\n\r\n34. What is edge preparation? Give shapes of edges.\r\n\r\nEdge preparation is the process of making the edges to be joined to correct shape. This gives a good welded joint.\r\nShapes of edges :\r\n1) Square 2) Single and double 'V' 3) Single and double 'U'\r\n\r\n35. List out the non-destructive and destructive methods for welded joints.\r\n\r\nNon destructive testing methods :\r\ni) Magnetic particle test ii) X-ray test iii) Ultrasonic test\r\n\r\nDestructive testing methods :\r\ni) Nick brake test ii) Bend test iii) Tensile test\r\n\r\n36. What are the applications of magnetic particle test, X-ray test and ultrasonic test.\r\n\r\n \tMagnetic particle test is used to find out cracks and slag inclusions.\r\n \tX-ray test is used to fine out defects like porosity, blow holes and cavities.\r\n \tUltrasonic test is used to find out defects like cracks, blow holes and porosity by using ultrasonic waves.\r\n\r\n37. List out the various defects in welding.\r\n1) Incomplete fusion 2) Slag inclusion 3) Crack 4) Undercut 3) Porosity and blow holes\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nMore Resources :\r\nManufacturing Technology Notes , Articles\r\nMechanical Subjectwise Basic Concept Notes ,Articles\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","headline":"Welding Technology Interview Question and Answers","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-04-03","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 20, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"","height":0,"width":0},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal no-thumb"><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/casting-process-foundry-interview-question-and-answers/">Casting Process | Foundry interview Question and Answers</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Casting Process | Foundry interview Question and Answers
Casting processes , Equipment , Foundry Process Interview Question and Answers for viva, interview , Oral Examination    This Question is...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/casting-process-foundry-interview-question-and-answers/" aria-label="View Post: Casting Process | Foundry interview Question and Answers">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Casting Process | Foundry interview Question and Answers","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/casting-process-foundry-interview-question-and-answers\/","articleBody":"Casting Process | Foundry interview Question and Answers\r\nCasting processes , Equipment , Foundry Process Interview Question and Answers for viva, interview , Oral Examination\u00a0\u00a0\r\n\r\nThis Question is also Helpful For GATE and other Examination .\r\n\r\nSee also :\u00a0Casting Process- Mechanical Interview Questions with answers\r\n\r\n1. What is pattern?\r\n\r\nPattern is the model of casting. It is made of wood, metal or plastics. Mould is produced in moulding sand by using pattern.\r\n\r\n2. List out the various pattern materials.\r\n1. Wood 2.Metal 3. Plaster 4. Plastic 5. Wax\r\n\r\n3. What are the advantages of using wood as pattern material?\r\n1. Wood is cheap and easily available.\r\n2. It is easy to cut for making required shape.\r\n3. It can be easily handled as it is light weight.\r\n\r\n4. What are the advantages of using aluminium as pattern material?\r\n1. Metal pattern is strong. The life and dimensional accuracy of the metal pattern is more.\r\n2. Change in shape does not occur due to moisture.\r\n3. It can be used in machine moulding.\r\n4. It is suitable for mass production.\r\n5. Metal surface can be finished smoothly and hence very good impression of the pattern can be obtained in the mould.\r\n\r\n5. List out the factors for selecting pattern material.\r\n1. Number of castings to be produced.\r\n2. Quality of the casting.\r\n3. Size and shape of the casting.\r\n4. The method of moulding and casting.\r\n5. Required surface finishing of casting.\r\n6. Required accuracy of casting.\r\n\r\n6. What are the types of pattern?\r\n\r\n1. Single piece pattern\r\n2. Split pattern\r\n3. Match plate pattern\r\n4. Loose piece pattern\r\n5. Sweep pattern\r\n6. Skeleton pattern\r\n7. Segmental pattern\r\n8. Shell pattern\r\n\r\nexamples Of Pattern used in casting\r\n\r\n7. What is the use of dowel pin?\r\nSplit pattern is usually made of two parts. One part will make the lower half of the mould and the other part will make the upper half of the mould. These two parts are fitted correctly by dowel pins.\r\n\r\n8. What is the need of loose piece pattern?\r\nSome patterns cannot be removed from the mould as single piece. So loose piece patterns are used with the solid pattern for the easy removal.\r\n\r\n9. What are the pattern making allowances?\r\n1. Shrinkage allowance\r\n2. Machining allowance\r\n3. Daft allowance\r\n4. Distortion allowance\r\n5. Rapping allowance\r\n\r\nRead more :\u00a0Different Types of Pattern Allowances in Casting- Basic Casting Design\r\n\r\n10. What is shrinkage allowance?\r\nThe molten metal in the mould will cool and become solid. The metal will shrink and reduce in size during cooling. The pattern is made larger than the required size of the casting to compensate this metal shrinkage. This is called shrinkage allowance.\r\n\r\n11. What is draft allowance?\r\n\r\nThe edges of the mould may be damaged when the pattern is removed from the mould. This can be avoided by making the vertical surfaces of the pattern with slight taper. This taper is called draft allowance.\r\n\r\n12. List out the various moulding tools?\r\n\r\n1. Shovel 2. Riddle 3. Rammer 4. Trowel 5. Slick 6. Lifter 7. Sprue pin 8. Strike off bar 9. Bellows 10. Swab 11. Gate cutter 12.Draw spike 13. Vent rod 14. Mallet\r\n\r\n13. List out the uses of rammer, trowel and slick.\r\n\r\n1) Rammer is used for packing or ramming the moulding sand in the moulding box.\r\n2) Trowel is used to smoothen the mould surface and to repair the damaged portions of the mould.\r\n3) Slick is used for finishing mould surfaces and for repairing the round corners of the mould.\r\n\r\n14. Give the uses of lifter, sprue pin and strike off bar.\r\n\r\n1) Lifter is used to remove the loose sand from the mould and to repair the broken surfaces of the mould.\r\n2) Sprue pin is used for making holes for runner and riser in the mould.\r\n3) Strike of bar is used for removing excess sand from the mould after ramming.\r\n\r\n15. What are the uses of swab, gate cutter and draw spike?\r\n\r\n1) It is used for applying small amount of water around the pattern before removing it from the mould.\r\n2) It is used for cutting gate in the mould.\r\n3) It is used for removing the pattern from the mould.\r\n\r\n16. What are cope and drag?\r\n\r\nIf the moulding is done with two boxes, the upper box is called cope and the lower box is called drag. The two boxes are aligned correctly with the help of dowel pin\r\n\r\n17. List out the various binders used in moulding sand? Give an example.\r\n\r\na) Clay type binders : Bentonite and kalvanite\r\nb) Organic binders : Wood, resin, linseed oil and dextrin.\r\nc) Inorganic binders : Portland cement and sodium silicate\r\n\r\n18. List out the properties of moulding sand.\r\n\r\n1. Porosity 2. Plasticity 3. Adhesiveness 4. Cohesiveness 5. Refractoriness 6. Collapsibility\r\n\r\n19. What are the types of moulding sand?\r\n\r\n1. Green sand 2. Dry sand 3. Loam sand 4. Facing sand 5. Parting sand 6. Core sand\r\n\r\n20. What are the elements in gating system?\r\n\r\n1) Pouring cup 2) Sprue\u00a0 3) Runner\u00a0 5) Gate 6) Riser.\r\n\r\n21. What is the function of riser?\r\n\r\nAfter the mould is filled up, the molten metal rises into the riser. It supplies molten metal to the mould during shrinkage of casting and thus correct size casting can be obtained.\r\n\r\n22. What are the types of moulding?\r\n\r\n1. Green sand moulding 2. Dry sand moulding 3. Loam moulding 4. Bench moulding 5. Floor moulding. 6. Pit moulding 7. Sweep moulding 8. Plate moulding 9. Machine moulding\r\n\r\n23. What are the advantages of dry sand moulding?\r\n\r\n1) It is stronger than green sand mould.\r\n2) It is not damaged while handling.\r\n3) More dimensional accuracy.\r\n4) Smooth surface finish can be obtained.\r\n5) Casting defects like blow holes will not occur.\r\n\r\n24. State the applications of loam moulding and pit moulding.\r\n\r\nLoam mould is used for producing large castings like cylinders, bells, gears and machine parts.\r\nPit moulding is used for producing castings which cannot be produced in moulding box.\r\n\r\n25. List out the types of moulding machines.\r\n\r\n1. Squeezer machine\r\na. Top squeezer machine\r\nb. Bottom squeezer machine\r\n2. Jolt machine\r\n3. Sand slinger\r\n\r\n26. What is core and core print?\r\n\r\nCore is used to make hollow or a hole in a casting.\r\nA projection made in the pattern is called core print. It is used to form a core seat in the mould. The core is correctly seated in this seat.\r\n\r\n27. List out the types of core boxes.\r\n\r\n1. Half core box\r\n2. Dump core box\r\n3. Split core box\r\n4. Stickle core box\r\n5. Gang core box\r\n\r\nRead more : What is casting Core Prints - Use of Core Prints\r\n\r\n28. What are the essential qualities of core sand?\r\n\r\n1) High refractoriness\r\n2) Good permeability\r\n3) Good stability\r\n4) Good collapsibility\r\n5) Sufficient strength and hardness\r\n\r\nRead more ;\u00a0Types of Moulding Sand | Properties of Moulding Sand\r\n\r\n29. List out the core binders. Give an example.\r\n1) Oil binders : Linseed oil\r\n2) Water soluble binders : Starch and dextrin\r\n3) Resin binders : Phenol formaldehyde and urea\r\n\r\n30. List out the steps in core making.\r\n\r\n1) Core sand preparation\r\n2) Core moulding\r\n3) Baking\r\n4) Core finishing\r\n\r\n31. What are the types of cores?\r\n\r\n1. Green sand core\r\n2. Horizontal core\r\n3. Vertical core\r\n4. Balanced core\r\n5. Hanging core\r\n6. Drop core\r\n\r\n32. List out the ovens used for heating the core.\r\n1) Batch type ovens 2) Continuous type ovens 3) Dielectric type ovens\r\n\r\n34. What are the different micro structures of steel?\r\n\r\n1. Austenite\r\n2. Ferrite\r\n3. Cementite\r\n4. Pearlite\r\n5. Leduburite\r\n6. Martensite\r\n\r\n35. What is iron-carbon equilibrium diagram?\r\n\r\nIron \u2013 carbon equilibrium diagram is the graphical representation of the phase changes undergone by iron with respect to the carbon content and temperature on cooling or heating. This diagram is drawn by taking the carbon content in X-axis and temperature in Y-axis.\r\n\r\nRead more :\u00a0What is Ferrite, Cementite, Pearlite , Martensite, Austenite\r\n\r\n36. What is hypo eutectoid steel and hyper eutectoid steel?\r\n\r\nSteel containing carbon less than 0.8% is called hypo eutectoid steel. Steel containing carbon exactly 0.8% is called eutectoid steel. Steel containing carbon from 0.8% to 2% is called hyper eutectoid steel.\r\n\r\n37. What are uses of tap hole and tuyers in cupola furnace?\r\n\r\n \tTap hole is provided for taking out the molten metal.\r\n \tAir for combustion of fuel is sent through the openings called tuyers.\r\n\r\n38. List out the furnaces used for melting of non-ferrous metals.\r\n\r\n1. Pit furnace\r\n2. Coke fired stationary furnace\r\n3. Oil fired tilting furnace\r\n\r\n39. Mention the furnaces used melting of steel.\r\n\r\n1) Direct arc furnace 2) Indirect arc furnace 3) Induction furnace\r\n\r\n40. List out the various casting processes.\r\n\r\n1. Sand casting 2. Centrifugal casting 3. Gravity die casting 4. Continuous casting 5. Pressure die casting 7. Chilled casting \u00a08. Malleable casting\r\n\r\n41. What are the applications of pressure die casting?\r\n\r\nCarburetor body, crank case, fuel pump parts, sound horn and wiper can be produced by pressure die casting. It can also be used for producing toys, cameras, clocks and washing machine parts.\r\n\r\n42. Mention the applications of centrifugal casting.\r\n\r\nThe castings like water pipes, gun barrels, fly wheel, bush bearings, gears, brake drum etc. are produced by centrifugal casting.\r\n\r\n43. What are the applications of chilled casting and malleable casting?\r\n\r\nChilled casting is used for producing railway brake shoes, wheel rims, crusher jaws, machine slide ways, etc.\r\n\r\nMalleable casting is used for producing wagon wheel hub, door hinges, pipe fittings, locks, levers, cranks, and textile machine parts.\r\n\r\n44. List out the various defects in casting?\r\n\r\n1) Blow holes 2) Slabs 3) Honey combing 4)Swells 5) Shifts 6) Cold shuts 7) Hot tears 8)Fins 9) Internal air pockets 10) Runout\r\n\r\nRead more ;\u00a0What are the Casting Defects ?\r\n\r\n45. What are the causes for blow holes?\r\n\r\n1. Excessive moisture in the sand.\r\n2. Hard ramming.\r\n3. Less number of vent holes\r\n\r\n46. What is swells and shift?\r\n\r\nSwells : Enlargement of casting surface.\r\nShifts : Misalignment of casting sections.\r\n\r\n47. What is cold shuts and hot tears?\r\n\r\nCold shuts : Incomplete filling of mould cavity.\r\nHot tears : Internal or external dis-continuity in the casting.\r\n\r\n48. What is fins and run out?\r\n\r\nFins : Thin projection on parting line.\r\nRun out : Leakage of metal from the mould.","headline":"Casting Process | Foundry interview Question and Answers","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-04-03","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 20, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"","height":0,"width":0},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/what-is-preventive-maintenance-objective-procedure-advantages/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/preventive-maintenance-300x296.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to What is Preventive Maintenance | Objective , Procedure , Advantages</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/what-is-preventive-maintenance-objective-procedure-advantages/">What is Preventive Maintenance | Objective , Procedure , Advantages</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>What is Preventive Maintenance | Objective , Procedure , Advantages
What is Preventive Maintenance : 
It is a method of maintenance aimed at avoiding or preventing breakdowns. The principle of...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/what-is-preventive-maintenance-objective-procedure-advantages/" aria-label="View Post: What is Preventive Maintenance | Objective , Procedure , Advantages">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"What is Preventive Maintenance | Objective , Procedure , Advantages","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/what-is-preventive-maintenance-objective-procedure-advantages\/","articleBody":"What is Preventive Maintenance | Objective , Procedure , Advantages\r\nWhat is Preventive Maintenance :\u00a0\r\nIt is a method of maintenance aimed at avoiding or preventing breakdowns. The principle of preventive maintenance is \u2018Prevention is better than cure\u2019\r\nHere some components are identified as weak spots in all machineries and equipments. These parts are inspected regularly. Minor repairs are carried out immediately as soon as there is necessity. This reduces the unanticipated breakdowns.\r\n\r\nRead more :\r\n\r\nWhat is Breakdown maintenance | Causes and Disadvantages\r\nWhat is Plant Maintenance | Objective of plant maintenance\r\n\r\nObjectives Of preventive Maintenance :\r\n1. To minimize the possibility of unanticipated break downs\r\n2. To make plant and machines always available for ready use.\r\n3. To retain the value of the equipment\r\n4. To maintain optimum productivity\r\n5. To maintain the accuracy of the machineries\r\n6. To reduce work content during maintenance\r\n7. To ensure safety to workmen\r\n\r\npreventive maintenance\r\nProcedure Of Preventive Maintenance\u00a0\r\n1) Maintaining machine Records\r\n\r\nTo carryout the preventive maintenance effectively all the details about the machines should be kept in records. \r\n\r\nThese are\r\na) Type of equipment and description\r\nb) Name of the manufacturer\r\nc) Cost and date of the purchase\r\nd) Cost and date of planned repairs\r\ne) Breakdowns if any and their dates and reasons\r\nf) List of spare parts and their code numbers\r\n\r\n2) Preparing Inspection checklist\r\n\r\nHere the components to be inspected on regular intervals are listed. i.e What are to be inspected daily\/ weekly\/ monthly are listed. General items which are to be inspected regularly are :\r\na) Material handling equipments like crane, hoists lifts conveyors trucks etc.\r\nb) Safety equipments like relief valves, fire extinguishers, safety alarms etc.\r\nc) Process equipments like furnaces , compressor, pumps, motors etc\r\nd) Water, air and fuel lines\r\ne) Key equipments and machineries\r\n\r\nFrequency of inspection depends upon\r\na) Severity of work carried out on the machine \u2013 whether one shift, two shift or for 24 hrs daily.\r\nb) Age, condition and value of the equipment\r\nc) Safety and health environment\r\nd) Amount of exposure to dirt, fumes, friction , fatigue , stress , corrosion, wear etc.\r\n\r\n3. Inspection as per check list and corrective action\r\n\r\nInspection and corrective action can be done as follows\r\na) Routine up-keep adjustment of guide plates, lubrication and cleaning\r\nb) Periodic inspection \u2013 Visual inspection \u2013 Overhauls, scheduled replacements etc.\r\n\r\nThese maintenance works are done without disturbance to the production activities. In preventive maintenance , the cost of maintenance will be high. Because many people are involved in inspection, record keeping and maintenance work. More number of spare parts Are stocked. The parts are replaced before the end of their life.\r\n\r\nPreventive Maintenance can be broken down into the following different maintenance strategies or types:\r\n\r\n \tTime Based Maintenance (TBM)\r\n \tFailure Finding Maintenance (FFM)\r\n \tRisk Based Maintenance (RBM)\r\n \tCondition Based Maintenance (CBM)\r\n \tPredictive Maintenance (PDM)\r\n\r\nCorrective Maintenance can be broken down into the following different maintenance strategies or types:\r\n\r\n \tDeferred corrective maintenance\r\n \tEmergency maintenance\r\n\r\nAdvantages of Preventive maintenance\r\n1. reduced break downs and down time\r\n2. Lesser overtime to maintenance people\r\n3. Grater safety to workers\r\n4. Low maintenance and repair cost\r\n5. Less stand \u2013by equipment needed.\r\n6. Reduced production cost\r\n7. Increased equipment life\r\n8. Increase workers morale \u2013 as no stoppage of work.\r\n9. Better product Quality\r\n10.Less material wastages.","headline":"What is Preventive Maintenance | Objective , Procedure , Advantages","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-04-03","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 20, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/preventive-maintenance-300x296.jpg","height":296,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/what-is-breakdown-maintenance-causes-and-disadvantages/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/breakdown-maintenance-300x192.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to What is Breakdown maintenance | Causes and Disadvantages</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/what-is-breakdown-maintenance-causes-and-disadvantages/">What is Breakdown maintenance | Causes and Disadvantages</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>What is Breakdown maintenance | Causes and Disadvantages 
Plant Maintenance
Introduction
In modern industries , equipment and machinery are very important parts of the production activity. A large...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/what-is-breakdown-maintenance-causes-and-disadvantages/" aria-label="View Post: What is Breakdown maintenance | Causes and Disadvantages">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"What is Breakdown maintenance | Causes and Disadvantages","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/what-is-breakdown-maintenance-causes-and-disadvantages\/","articleBody":"What is Breakdown maintenance | Causes and Disadvantages \r\nPlant Maintenance\r\nIntroduction\r\nIn modern industries , equipment and machinery are very important parts of the production activity. A large amount of money is invested in machineries and equipments. Special purpose and modern machineries cost a lot of money. If those machineries and equipments are kept idle then it will be a great loss to that company. So they have to be kept always in good working condition. Then only they will work efficiently for more number of years. They should not breakdown or stop production . So it is very important that machineries and equipments in plants are properly maintained. In order to take smooth production of finished goods from the factory, machinery and equipment, should be in proper conditions and with breakdown free. The damage caused to plant and machineries due to normal wear and tear , improper use, under and over utilization ,mis-operation etc can be viewed seriously and can hamper the smooth production of goods and services and machine down time. Keeping the productive resources of plant , machinery, equipment etc in good working condition is an important responsibility of management to achieve specified level of quality and reliability of operation.\r\n\r\nRead More : What is Plant Maintenance | Objective of plant maintenance\r\nBREAK DOWN MAINTENANCE\r\nIn this method the machines are allowed to run without carrying out any maintenance activities. Only when it becomes out of order (Stops working) it is repaired and set right. Next maintenance is done only when it breaks down again.\r\nThis type of maintenance is applicable to machines which are not important i.e Breakdown of these machines will not affect the production process.\r\n\r\nbreakdown maintenance\r\nCauses of Breakdown\r\ni) Failure to replace the wornout parts\r\nii) Non application of lubricants\r\niii) Neglected cooling system\r\niv) Carelessness towards minor repairs\r\n\r\nDisadvantages of Break down maintenance\r\n\r\ni) Production is affected (Delayed or Stoped)\r\nii) Leads to hurried maintenance -which in turn leads to poor quality maintenance\r\niii) The plant depreciates very fast\r\niv) Plant life is very much reduced.\r\nv) Increase cost due to overtime payment\r\nvi) Cost of maintenance is high \u2013 as down time cost and replacement cost will be high\r\nvii) Leads to direct loss of profit\r\nviii) Leads to increased accidents\r\nix) More wastage of material\r\nx) Not suitable for equipments like cranes, boilers, lifts, hoists etc\r\n\r\nExample of Breakdown Maintenance\u00a0\r\n\r\nHowever this type of maintenance is used for ordinary equipments like vises, bench grinders etc.","headline":"What is Breakdown maintenance | Causes and Disadvantages","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-04-03","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 20, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/breakdown-maintenance-300x192.jpg","height":192,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal no-thumb"><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/what-is-plant-maintenance-objective-of-plant-maintenance/">What is Plant Maintenance | Objective of plant maintenance</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>What is Plant Maintenance | Objective of plant maintenance
What is Plant Maintenance
Introduction
In modern industries , equipment and machinery are very important parts of the production...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/what-is-plant-maintenance-objective-of-plant-maintenance/" aria-label="View Post: What is Plant Maintenance | Objective of plant maintenance">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"What is Plant Maintenance | Objective of plant maintenance","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/what-is-plant-maintenance-objective-of-plant-maintenance\/","articleBody":"What is Plant Maintenance | Objective of plant maintenance\r\nWhat is Plant Maintenance\r\nIntroduction\r\nIn modern industries , equipment and machinery are very important parts of the production activity. A large amount of money is invested in machineries and equipments. Special purpose and modern machineries cost a lot of money. If those machineries and equipments are kept idle then it will be a great loss to that company. So they have to be kept always in good working condition. Then only they will work efficiently for more number of years. They should not breakdown or stop production . So it is very important that machineries and equipments in plants are properly maintained. In order to take smooth production of finished goods from the factory, machinery and equipment, should be in proper conditions and with breakdown free. The damage caused to plant and machineries due to normal wear and tear , improper use, under and over utilization ,mis-operation etc can be viewed seriously and can hamper the smooth production of goods and services and machine down time. Keeping the productive resources of plant , machinery, equipment etc in good working condition is an important responsibility of management to achieve specified level of quality and reliability of operation.\r\nMaintenance \u2013Definition\r\nMaintenance is the process of keeping the machine and equipment in good working condition so that the efficiency of machine is retained and its life is increased.\r\n\r\nRead More :\r\n\r\n\u00a0What is Maintenance | Definition , jobs , Principle , Purpose\r\n\r\nWhat is Maintenance Engineering | Career in Mechanical Field\r\n\r\nOr\r\n\r\n\u201cPlant maintenance is a combination of actions carried out by an organization to replace, repair ,service the machineries , components or their groups in a manufacturing plant , so that it will continue to operate satisfactorily\u201d\r\nObjective of plant maintenance\r\nThe objective of maintenance is to maximize the performance of productive resources of an organization by ensuring that these resources perform regularly and efficiently. This is achieved by preventing the breakdown and failures and by minimizing the production loss.\r\n\r\nThe main objectives of plant maintenance are :\r\n\r\n \tTo maximize the availability of plant, equipment and machinery for productivity through planned maintenance.\r\n \tTo extend the life span of the plant, equipment , machinery etc., by minimizing their wear and tear and deterioration.\r\n \tTo reduce the cost of production due to plant breakdown due to improper plant maintenance.\r\n \tTo help the production department to go ahead with their production plans without any problem.\r\n \tTo ensure operational readiness of all production facilities for emergency use at all times, such as fire fighting equipment , first aid facilities, alternative method of production and packing etc\r\n \tTo provide management with proper information on the cost and effectiveness of maintenance.\r\n \tTo ensure safety of staff through regular inspection and maintenance of facilities such as boilers, compressors, elevations, material handling system, conveyors , dangerous heavy machineries etc.\r\n\r\nMaintenance engineer works on jet engine at the Marka airport in Amman Jordan.\r\nFUNCTIONS OF PLANT MAINTENANCE\r\nThe basic function of any maintenance activity is to maintain the facility and its equipment in a condition to meet normal operating requirements. The basic function of maintenance are as follows\r\n\r\na) Inspection\r\nb) Repair\r\nc) Overhaul\r\nd) Lubrication\r\ne) Salvage\r\n\r\na) Inspection\r\nInspection involves periodic checking of machines and equipment to ensure safe and efficient operation, making certain that equipment requiring work at specified periods receives proper attention, determination of repair feasibility and control of the quality of work accompanied by maintenance group, Inspection implies detection of faults before they develop in to breakdown of the equipment.\r\nThis canbe done effectively by increasing our ability to identify the initial symptoms of machine trouble as early as possible. The initial symptoms of the machine trouble may be revealed through noise, vibration, dirtness, leak or heat of the machine.\r\n\r\nb) Repair\r\nWhen any item or components fails or breakdown , then the process of repairing the component or replacing the item or part by another item to restore the item in working order is known as repair.\r\n\r\nc) Overhaul\r\nThis is another routine and regular maintenance function falling under preventive maintenance. The frequency of overhauling is for less than lubrication and inspection. In overhauling, the machine is stripped and the various parts are cleaned and oiled and components are replaced.\r\n\r\nd) Lubrication\r\nProper lubrication plays a vital role in maintaining the machine accuracy and increasing its life. Lubrication of machinery should be considered as important as blood circulation in the human body.The cleaning and lubrication of the machine is normally done by the operator itself. From the suppliers document, lubricating instructions showing the daily\/ weekly\/fortnightly\/monthly\/ Yearly lubricating points and grades of lubricants to be used should be prepared. These are tabulated in a chart and explained to the operator\r\nFor the convenience of the operator, it is advisable to paint the lubricating points on the machine. Grade of lubricant and the lubricating schedule may be indicated there itself.\r\n\r\ne) Salvage\r\nAny equipment is said to be salvage when it cannot be repaired or cannot be brought to desired level of performance. In that case the item is to be replaced by new one to bring back the system into operation.\r\nTypes of Plant Maintenance :\u00a0\r\nDifferent maintenance practices are adopted to suit the various types of production , machineries and other devices. They are\r\n\r\n1. Break down maintenance -\u00a0What is Breakdown maintenance | Causes and Disadvantages\r\n2. Preventive maintenance -\u00a0What is Preventive Maintenance | Objective , Procedure , Advantages\r\n3. Scheduled maintenance\r\n4. Productive maintenance","headline":"What is Plant Maintenance | Objective of plant maintenance","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-04-02","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 20, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"","height":0,"width":0},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/types-of-control-system-open-and-close-loop-system/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/open-and-close-loop-system-300x164.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Types of control system &#8211; Open and Close Loop System</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/types-of-control-system-open-and-close-loop-system/">Types of control system &#8211; Open and Close Loop System</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Types of control system - Open and Close Loop System
CONTROL SYSTEM:
A control system can be defined as a block box which can be used to control its output to some particular value.  Example: a...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/types-of-control-system-open-and-close-loop-system/" aria-label="View Post: Types of control system &#8211; Open and Close Loop System">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Types of control system &#8211; Open and Close Loop System","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/types-of-control-system-open-and-close-loop-system\/","articleBody":"Types of control system - Open and Close Loop System\r\nCONTROL SYSTEM:\r\nA control system can be defined as a block box which can be used to control its output to some particular value.\r\n\r\nExample: a domestic central heating control system. We can set the required temperature on the thermostat or controller and the pump can be adjusted to supply water through radiators. So the required temperature can be maintained in the house.\r\n\r\nIn a system when the output quantity is controlled by varying the input quantity then the system is called as Control system. The output quantity is called as controlled variable or response and the input quantity is called as command signal or excitation.\r\n\r\nIn Control system, we have two types\r\n\r\n1. Open loop control system. \r\n\r\n2. Closed loop control system.\r\n\r\nOPEN AND CLOSED-LOOP SYSTEMS:\r\nThere are two basic forms of control system one being called and Open loop and other closed-loop systems. The difference between these can be illustrated by a simple example.\r\n\r\nopen and close loop system\r\n\r\nConsider an electric fire which has a selection switch which allows a 1 KW or a 2 kW heating element to be selected. If a person used the heating element to heat a room, he or she might just switch on the 1 kW element if the room is not required to be at too high a temperature. The room will heat up and reach a temperature which is only determined by the fact the 1 kW element was switched on, and not the 2 kW elements. If there are changes in the conditions perhaps someone opening a window, there is no way the heat output is adjusted to compensate.\r\nThis is an example of open loop control in that there is no information fed back to the element to adjust it and maintain a constant temperature.\r\n\r\nThe heating system with the heating element could be made a closed loop system if the person has a thermometer and switches the 1 kW and 2 kW elements on or off, according to the difference between the actual temperature and the required temperature, to maintain the temperature of the room constant.\r\nIn this situation there is feedback, the input to the system being adjusted according to whether its output is the required temperature. This means that the input to the switch depends on the deviation of the actual temperature from the required temperature.\r\n\r\nIn an open-loop control system the output from the system has no effect on the input signal. In a closed-loop control system the output does have an effect on the input signal, modifying it to maintain an output signal at the required value.\r\n\r\nOPEN-LOOP SYSTEMS have the advantage of being\r\n\r\n \tRelatively simple and\r\n \tConsequently low cost with generally good reliability.\r\n\r\nHowever, there are disadvantages like,\r\n\r\n \tInaccurate since there is no correction for error.\r\n\r\nCLOSED-LOOP SYSTEMS have the advantage of being\r\n\r\n \tRelatively accurate in matching the actual to the required values.\r\n\r\nHowever, there are disadvantages like,\r\n\r\n \tMore complex\r\n \tSo more costly and\r\n \tA greater chance of breakdown as a consequence of the greater number of components","headline":"Types of control system &#8211; Open and Close Loop System","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-04-02","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 20, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/open-and-close-loop-system-300x164.jpg","height":164,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <nav class="pagination-wrapper" aria-label="article pagination"> <a class="prev page-numbers" href="?page_num=83">&laquo; PREV</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=1"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>1</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">&hellip;</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=82"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>82</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=83"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>83</a> <span aria-current="page" class="page-numbers current"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>84</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=85"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>85</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=86"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>86</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">&hellip;</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=338"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>338</a> <a class="next page-numbers" href="?page_num=85">NEXT &raquo;</a></nav></section></main><aside id="secondary" class="widget-area"><div class="about-wrapper"><h2 class="widget-title" style="background: #d693c6; color: #ff392e">About Us</h2><div class="about-image" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Sachin-Thorat-300x300-min.png')"></div><p class="about-copy">LearnMech.Com is a Mechanical Project-oriented platform run by Sachin Thorat who is a B-Tech Graduate in Mechanical Engineering. 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