Spring Design | Machine Design interview Question and Answers

Spring Design | Machine Design interview , Viva, Oral Question and Answers

1. What is a spring?

A spring is an elastic member, which deflects, or distorts under the action of load and regains its original shape after the load is removed.

2. State any two functions of springs

一种。衡量弹簧平衡，仪表和发动机指示器的力量。
湾储存能量。

3. What are the various types of springs?

一种。螺旋泉
湾Spiral springs
C。叶子弹簧
天。圆盘春天或Belleville Springs

4. Classify the helical springs

一种。闭合 - 盘绕或张力螺旋簧。
湾开放式或压缩螺旋弹簧。

5. Define : Leaf springs

A leaf spring consists of flat bars of varying lengths clamped together and supported at both ends, thus acting as a simply supported beam.

6.定义：Belleville Springs

They are made in the form of a cone disc to carry a high compressive force. In order to improve their load carrying capacity, they may be stacked up together. The major stresses are tensile and compressive.

7. What is spring index (C)?

The ratio of mean or pitch diameter to the diameter of wire for the spring is called the spring index.

8. What is pitch?

在未压缩状态下相邻线圈之间的轴向距离。

9. What is solid length?

在最大压缩下的弹簧的长度称为其实心长度。它是线圈总数和线径的乘积。
Ls = nt x d
其中，nt =线圈的总数。

10.设计时春天的要求是什么？

Spring must carry the service load without the stress exceeding the safe value.
的弹簧刚度必须令人满意application.

11. What are the end conditions of spring?

一种。Plain end.
湾Plain and ground end
C。方形
天。平方和地面。

12. What is buckling of springs?

当弹簧的长度超过平均线圈直径的4倍以上时，螺旋压缩弹簧的表现在比较小负载中。

13.弹簧涌动是什么？

对材料进行更高的应力，这可能导致早期疲劳失效。这种效果称为春天浪涌。

14.什么是层压板簧？

In order to increase, the load carrying capacity, number of flat plates are placed and below the other.

15.什么半椭圆形叶子弹簧？

The spring consists of number of leaves, which are held together by U- clips. The longleaf fastened to the supported is called master leaf. Remaining leaves are called as graduated leaves.

16.层压板簧的夹持是什么？

Prestressing of leaf springs is obtained by a difference of radii of curvature known as nipping.

17. What are the various applications of springs?

一种。The springs are used in various applications, they are
湾用于吸收能量或冲击（例如减震器，缓冲器等）
C。To apply forces as in brakes clutches, spring-loaded valves, etc.
天。To measure forces as in spring balances and engine indicators
e。将能量存储在手表中

18.定义自由长度。

弹簧的自由长度是弹簧自由或卸载条件时的长度。它等于实心长度加上最大偏转或压缩加碰撞津贴。
LF =实心长度+ Ymax + 0.15 Ymax

19. Define spring index.

Spring index (C) is defined as the ratio of the mean diameter of the coil to the diameter of the wire. C =D/d

20.定义弹簧速率（刚度）。

The spring stiffness or spring constant is defined as the load required per unit deflection of the spring.
K= W/y
在哪里
W-load
y-deflection

21. Define pitch.

Pitch of the spring is defined as the axial distance between the adjacent coils in uncompressed state.

数学
间距=自由长度/ n-1

22.选择春天的音高时要考虑什么点？

The points taken into consideration of selecting the pitch of the springs are
一种。线圈的间距应该使得如果弹簧被意外地压缩，则应力不会增加扭转的屈服点应力。
湾在达到最大服务负载之前，弹簧不应关闭。

23.定义有效转弯。

Active turns of the spring are defined as the number of turns, which impart spring action while loaded. As load increases the no of active coils decreases.

24. Define inactive turns.

Inactive turns of the spring are defined as the number of turns which does not contribute to the spring action while loaded. As load increases number of inactive coils increases from 0.5 to 1 turn.25.

25. What are the different kinds of end connections for compression helical springs?

压缩螺旋弹簧区域的不同类型的端部连接。
一种。Plain ends
湾地面末端
C。平方根
天。Ground & square ends

26.写下壁垒的偏心装载？

如果作用在弹簧上的负载不与弹簧的轴线重合，则据说弹簧具有偏心载荷。在偏心装载中，弹簧的安全负荷减小，弹簧的刚度也受到影响。

27. Explain about surge in springs?

当弹簧的一端放在一个僵化的年代upport and the other end is loaded suddenly, all the coils of spring does not deflect equally, because some time is required for the propagation of stress along the wire. Thus a wave of compression propagates to the fixed end from where it is reflected back to the deflected end this wave passes through the spring indefinitely. If the time interval between the load application and that of the wave to propagate are equal, then resonance will occur. This will result in very high stresses and cause failure. This phenomenon is called surge.

28. What are the methods used for eliminating surge in springs?

The methods used for eliminating surge are
一种。By using dampers on the center coil so that the wave propagation dies out
湾By using springs having high natural frequency.

29. What are the disadvantages of using helical spring of non-circular wires

一种。The quality of the spring is not good
湾The shape of the wire does not remain constant while forming the helix. It reduces the energy absorbing capacity of the spring.
C。The stress distribution is not favorable as in circular wires. But this effect is negligible where loading is of static nature.

30. Why concentric springs are used?

一种。To get greater spring force with in a given space
湾To insure the operation of a mechanism in the event of failure of one of the spring

31. What is the advantage of leaf spring over helical spring?

The advantage of leaf spring over helical spring is that the end of the spring may be guided along a definite path as it deflects to act a structural member in addition to energy absorbing device.

32. Write notes on the master leaf & graduated leaf?

The longest leaf of the spring is known as main leaf or master leaf has its ends in the form of an eye through which bolts are passed to secure the spring. The leaf of the spring other than master leaf is called the graduated leaves.

33.叶片在叶子弹簧中是什么意思？

By giving greater radius of curvature to the full length leaves than the graduated leaves, before the leaves are assembled to form a spring thus a gap or clearance will be left between the leaves. This initial gap is called nip.

34. What is the application of leaf spring?

The leaf springs are used in automobiles as shock absorbers for giving suspension to the automobile and it gives support to the structure.

35. Define flat spiral spring.

A flat spiral spring is a long thin strip of elastic material wound like a spiral. These springs are frequently used in watch springs, gramophones, etc.

36.螺旋扭转弹簧和张力螺旋弹簧之间有什么差异？

螺旋扭转弹簧与拉伸弹簧的缠绕相似，但是端部成形为传递扭矩。螺旋扭转弹簧中的初级应力是弯曲应力，而在张力弹簧中，应力是张力剪切应力。

37. Define helical springs

The helical springs are made up of a wire coiled in the form of a helix and are primarily intended for compressive or tensile load.

38. What are the different types of helical springs?

The different types of helical springs are.
一种。开卷螺旋簧
湾Closed coil helical spring

39. The extension springs are in considerably less use than the compression springs
OR
Why extension springs are in less use than compression springs

一种。延伸弹簧经受额外的应力浓度
湾延伸弹簧缠绕在初始张力，这不能是冷套，而不会失去张力
C。They may be overstresses by being stretched too far.

40. What condition must be satisfied for concentric spring?

一种。Maximum shear stress developed in the concentric springs is same for same material and free length
湾Deflection is same for both the springs
C。Solid length of both the springs is same