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Fabrication of Semi Automatic Printing Machine  PROBLEM STATEMENT  In past time printing on plastic bags, glass, plywood, ceramics, PVC are human effort able and time consume...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/semi-automatic-printing-machine/" aria-label="View Post: Design and Fabrication of Semi Automatic Printing machine">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Design and Fabrication of Semi Automatic Printing machine","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/semi-automatic-printing-machine\/","articleBody":"Design and Fabrication of Semi Automatic Printing Machine\r\n\r\nPROBLEM STATEMENT\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n \tIn past time printing on plastic bags, glass, plywood, ceramics, PVC are human effort able and time consume process\r\n \tLow quality of images, jerk functioning\r\n \tCurrent time printing machine are more advanced society becomes technologically this means that when machine breaks so disabled until the problem is resolved.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nPROJECT BACKGROUND\r\n\r\n\r\n \tSemi-automatic printing machine is a mechanism of printing batch, stamp, codes, and other types.\r\n \tSemi automatic printing machine is the made for effort less work. Semi-automatic printing machine design for the industrial mass production and repeated working provided. In the silkscreen process, stamping is very important to produces high quality stamping result so that more accuracy to provided hand printing machine is converted into the semi automatic printing machine.\r\n \tThough it is little in size This machine being used by many for high profile printing jobs either on paper, plastic, metals, glass, wood, PCB, membranes switch, DC card, cloth and many other flat products.\r\n \tThis machine is easy to operate and electric driven machine. In printing machine combined of roller carrying a stamp, a plurality of gears of roller therewith, n inking roller carried by the gear\r\n \tThis machine makes the job quality much higher than that of doing by hand.\r\n\r\n\r\nTYPES OF PRINTING MACHINES\r\n\u00a0\r\nThere are mainly three types of the printing machine. They are as discussed below:\r\n(1)Hand press printing machine\r\n(2)Semi automatic printing machine\r\n(3)Automatic printing machine\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u00a0\r\n\r\nCONSTRUCTION SEMI AUTOMATIC PRINTING MACHINE\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n \tThe construction of semi automatic printing machine is simple and vibration free machine. In the machine the first base is provided on the base motor and gear box are fitted, then both are connected with help of rubber belt.\r\n \tNow with gear box crank and lever shaft attached which has eccentric arm. With arms roller drum and roller supported guide is connected. With it also rack and pinion connected. With pinion ink roller connected which spread ink on die.\r\n \tOn the other side with motor foot operating switch is connected. This is the construction of semi automatic printing machine.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nPARTS OF MACHINE\r\n\u2022Base:\r\nBase is provided support foundation of machine which have vibration absorb quality. In this machine base carried out the parts of electric motor, gear box, die mechanism, ink drum etc\r\n\u00a0\r\n\u2022Crank and lever with arm:\r\nThis mechanism is used for transfer rotary motion to linear motion convert by the gear box.\r\nThe linear motion of arm is transmit to the die section.\r\n\r\n\u00a0\r\n\r\n\u2022Gear box:\r\nThe gear box is received rotary motion by belt form the electric motor. Gear box have attached with step pulley. The step pulley which different motion generate. Gear box give output to the eccentric arm.\r\n\r\n\u00a0\r\n\r\nElectric Motor:\r\nAn electric motor is an electric machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. In this machine the motor is 1440 R.P.M and 0.25 H.P. the end side of motor rod on located one step pulley and the pulley transmit the motion to other side pulley by rubber belt.\r\n\r\n\u00a0\r\n\r\nInk roller with roller drum:\r\nRoller drum attach with eccentric arm which have gate the linear motion. Die is repeated touch to the roller drum. Ink roller is fulfilled ink on roller drum.\r\n\r\n\u00a0\r\n\r\nPrinting die:\r\nDie is the main component of the printing machine what kind of shape and alphabetically are provided on die give output of that type of print.\r\n\r\n\u00a0\r\n\r\n\u2022Foot key:\r\nFoot key is used for operating the printing machine. Foot key is provided to \u201cON\u201d or \u201cOFF\u201d machines. Fig is showing below.\r\n\r\n\r\nWORKING OF SEMI AUTOMATIC PRINTING MACHINE\r\nFirst when foot key is pressed the motor is started, with motor gear box is connected by help of rubber belt so gear box is running, with it is crank and lever is operated with the help of rack and pinion the rotary motion of lever converted to reciprocating motion of arms, with arm roller drum is connected which placed ink on it, with the help of ink roller ink is spread on die and print is done by pressing die.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nDesign and Fabrication of Semi Automatic Printing machine\r\n\r\n\r\nADVANTAGES\r\n\u00a0\r\n(1) The machine is very useful in pharmaceutical industries packing industries and also for packaging industries.\r\n(2) The machine is use to print cartons, plastic bags, cotton labels, tin printing and same other type printing.\r\n(3) The machine is use to print MRP-Rs, batch code, lot no, product code, expire and mfg dates etc.\r\n(4)\u00a0 This is easy to operate.\r\n\r\n\r\n(5) High speed to hand operated machine.\r\n(6) Comparatively low cost.\r\n(7) Higher efficiency of working.\r\n(8) Power consumption is low.\r\n(9) And mainly this is modified to auto for men power saving.\r\n\r\n\u00a0\r\n\r\nAPPLICATION\r\n\r\n\r\n\u2022Pharmaceutical Industries.\r\n\u2022Packaging Industries.\r\n\u2022Printing Industries","headline":"Design and Fabrication of Semi Automatic Printing machine","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2017-03-16","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/semiautomaticprintingmachines-min-300x131.png","height":131,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/pneumatic-slotting-machine-projec/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/pneumaticslottingmachinemechanicalproject-300x173.png')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Design and Fabrication Of Pneumatic Slotting machine</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/pneumatic-slotting-machine-projec/">Design and Fabrication Of Pneumatic Slotting machine</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>PNEUMATIC SLOTTING MACHINE MECHANICAL PROJECT
SYNOPSIS  The main target of project is to improved version of a mini pneumatic Slotting machine which will be more efficient for die makers and...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/pneumatic-slotting-machine-projec/" aria-label="View Post: Design and Fabrication Of Pneumatic Slotting machine">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Design and Fabrication Of Pneumatic Slotting machine","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/pneumatic-slotting-machine-projec\/","articleBody":"PNEUMATIC SLOTTING MACHINE MECHANICAL PROJECT\r\nSYNOPSIS\r\n\r\nThe main target of project is to improved version of a mini pneumatic Slotting machine which will be more efficient for die makers and pattern makers. This machine is pneumatic powered which has low co-efficient of friction. \u00a0A pneumatic cylinder erected at the top provides power of slotting operations. \u00a0Compressed air is passed into the power for sharing the work metal.\r\n\r\nThis project aims at saving initial cost by providing pneumatic Cylinder for power. \u00a0It needs only less maintenance cost, since less matting parts.\r\n\r\nThis is a pneumatic powered machine and requires no other means of power to drive the slotting machine this machine executes the slots in the job which enables the machine to do its work automatically to which it increases the production rate.\r\n\r\nINTRODUCTION\r\n\r\nThis machine is an improved mini model of slotting machine. \u00a0The initial cost of the Machine is very low compared to the conventional machine. \u00a0This holds simple ideas of Reciprocating motion which is pneumatic powered. \u00a0The pneumatic cylinder gives power for slotting which uses compressed air is made available from a portable compressor.\u00a0\r\n\r\nThe pneumatic slotting machine can be widely used in low cost automation in Die and pattern making industries. The manpower requirement is reduced also reducing the machining time\r\n\r\nWORKING OPERATION\r\n\r\n1. The working medium adopted is compressed air.\r\n2. The compressed air is transmitted through tubes to pneumatic cylinder where power is converted into reciprocating.\r\n3. The reciprocating motion is obtained by using an electrically controlled solenoid valve actuated by trip dogs.\r\n4. The reciprocating motion transmitted to the toolbar through ram, which moves on the dive tail slides.\r\n5. The work piece is clamped on the work table using suitable clamping device.\r\n6. The work piece can be actuated in X and Y direction (i.e., longitudinal feed and depth of cut)\r\n7. When the compressed air is passed into the solenoid value and powered the ram reciprocates.\r\n8. Cutting tool which is fitted to the ram gets reciprocating motion.\r\n\r\n\u00a0\r\n\r\nDesign and Fabrication Of Pneumatic Slotting machine\u00a0\r\n\r\nADVANTAGES\r\n\r\n \t\u00a0Less co-efficient of friction.\r\n \t\u00a0More efficient\r\n \t\u00a0Power can be easily transmission.\r\n \t\u00a0Less loss in transmission.\r\n \t\u00a0A single compressor can supply power to many pneumatic machines.\r\n\r\nDISADVANTAGES\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n \t\u00a0Huge storage space required.\r\n \t\u00a0High loads cannot be provided.\r\n\r\nAPPLICATIONS\u00a0\r\n\r\n\r\n \t\u00a0In a machine shop of the industry at production department it is widely used.\r\n \t\u00a0The slotter is used for cutting grooves, keyways and slots of various shapes, for making regular and irregular surfaces both internal and external.","headline":"Design and Fabrication Of Pneumatic Slotting machine","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2017-03-14","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/pneumaticslottingmachinemechanicalproject-300x173.png","height":173,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/types-manufacturing-processes/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/CLASSIFYMANIFACTURINGPROCESSES-279x300.png')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Introduction to manufacturing processes and their classification</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/types-manufacturing-processes/">Introduction to manufacturing processes and their classification</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Major Classifications Of Basic Manufacturing Processes  What is “Manufacturing”?
The English word manufacture is several centuries old. The term manufacture comes from two Latin words, manus...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/types-manufacturing-processes/" aria-label="View Post: Introduction to manufacturing processes and their classification">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Introduction to manufacturing processes and their classification","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/types-manufacturing-processes\/","articleBody":"Major Classifications Of Basic Manufacturing Processes\r\n\r\n\r\nWhat is \u201cManufacturing\u201d?\r\nThe English word manufacture is several centuries old. The term manufacture comes from two Latin words, manus (hand) and factus (make). As per oxford English dictionary manufacture refers \u201cto make or produce goods in large quantities, using machinery\u201d.\r\n\u00a0\r\nWorking definition of manufacturing\r\n\u00a0\r\nThere are two types of working definitions available for manufacturing: as a technical process and as an economic process.\r\n\u00a0\r\nTechnologically: Manufacturing is the application of physical and chemical processes to alter the geometry, properties and or appearance of a given starting material to make parts or product.\u00a0\r\n\u00a0\r\nEconomically: Manufacturing is the transformation of materials into items of greater value by means of one or more process and or assembly operation.\r\n\u00a0\r\n\r\nClassification of manufacturing processes\r\n\u00a0\r\nManufacturing processes can be classified as \u00a0processing operation and assembly operation.\r\n\u00a0\r\nIn processing operation the work material is transformed from one state to other advanced state.Through this operation value is added to the work material by changing the geometry; shape properties, appearance etc. of the starting work material. Usually processing operations are performed on individual component. But in some cases like aerospace industry, the processing operations are performed on assembled items also.\r\n\u00a0\r\nIn assembly operation two or more components are joined to create a new entity. The new entity is called assembly, subassembly based on its state in the product. If the entity is an intermediate state of the product, it is called subassembly. Some other terms are also referred based on the joining process. The assembly created by welding operation is called weld met.\r\n\r\n\r\nMajor Manufacturing Processes\r\n\r\n\r\n\u00a0\r\n\r\nManufacturing Processes Classification\r\n\u00a0\r\nThere are six basic \/ fundamental classifications of manufacturing processes.\r\n\u00a0\r\n1. Metal casting or Molding: expendable mold and permanent mold\r\n\u00a0\r\n2. Metal Forming and Shearing: rolling, forging, extrusion, drawing, sheet forming, powder metallurgy\r\n\u00a0\r\n3. Material Removal Processes \/ Machining Processes: turning, boring, drilling, milling, planing, shaping, broaching, grinding, ultrasonic machining, chemical machining, electrical discharge machining (EDM), Abrasive flow machining (AFM), abrasive jet machining (AJM), electrochemical\u00a0machining, high-energy beam machining, laser beam machining (LBM) etc.\r\n\u00a0\r\n4. Joining: welding, brazing, soldering, diffusion bonding, adhesive bonding, mechanical joining, plasma arc, plasma MIG, projection welding, ultrasonic, electron beam welding, laser welding etc.\r\n\u00a0\r\n5. Finishing (painting, anti-corrosion coatings, etc.)\r\n\u00a0\r\n6. Rapid Manufacturing: stereo-lithography, selective laser sintering, fused deposition modeling, three dimensional printing, laminated object manufacturing, laser engineered net shaping","headline":"Introduction to manufacturing processes and their classification","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2017-03-13","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/CLASSIFYMANIFACTURINGPROCESSES-279x300.png","height":300,"width":279},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/classification-of-steam-engine-plants/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/steamengineplant-300x138.png')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Classification Of Steam Engine Plants- Basic Thermal Engineering</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/classification-of-steam-engine-plants/">Classification Of Steam Engine Plants- Basic Thermal Engineering</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Classification Of Steam Engine Plants- Basic Thermal Engineering   INTRODUCTION
A steam engine plant shall have boiler, condenser, and feed pump along with steam engine. Steam generated in...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/classification-of-steam-engine-plants/" aria-label="View Post: Classification Of Steam Engine Plants- Basic Thermal Engineering">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Classification Of Steam Engine Plants- Basic Thermal Engineering","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/classification-of-steam-engine-plants\/","articleBody":"Classification Of Steam Engine Plants- Basic Thermal Engineering\u00a0\r\n\r\nINTRODUCTION\r\nA steam engine plant shall have boiler, condenser, and feed pump along with steam engine. Steam\u00a0generated in boiler is sent to steam engine where it is expanded upto certain pressure. Steam leaving\u00a0engine are fed to condenser where steam gets converted into condensate (water) which is sent back to\u00a0boiler through feed pump.\r\n\r\n\u00a0\r\nSee Also:\u00a0Types Of Engine used In Mechanical Application\r\n\r\n\r\nsteam engine plant\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nCLASSIFICATION OF STEAM ENGINES\r\n\u00a0\r\nSteam engines can be classified in the following ways. Selection of particular steam engine depends\u00a0upon the requirements and constraints of an application and features of the engine\r\n\u00a0\r\nBased on axis of engine:\r\ni. Horizontal steam engine\r\nii. Vertical steam engine\r\nEngine having vertical axis cylinder is called vertical steam engine and engine having horizontal axis\u00a0cylinder is called horizontal steam engine.\r\n\u00a0\r\n Based on speed of engine\r\ni. High speed engine\u2014having speed of 250 rpm and above.\r\nii. Medium speed engine\u2014 having speed lying between 100 to 250 rpm.\r\niii. Slow speed engine\u2014 having speed less than 100 rpm.\r\n\u00a0\r\n Based on type of steam action\r\ni. Double acting steam engine.\r\nii. Single acting steam engine.\r\n\u00a0\r\nDepending upon whether the steam acts on both sides of piston or only on one side of piston the\u00a0engine. In case of single acting engine out of two piston strokes i.e. forward stroke and backward\u00a0stroke, only one stroke is used for work output. While in double acting engine both the forward and\u00a0backward strokes of piston are used for work output alternatively i.e. expansion of steam occurs from\u00a0both sides of piston alternatively. Power developed from double acting engine will be nearly double of power developed from single acting steam engine.\r\n\r\n\u00a0\r\n\r\nBased on expansive or non-expansive type of working\r\n\u00a0\r\nSteam engines can be of non-expansive type in which steam is injected throughout the piston\u00a0stroke i.e. piston movement is caused due to high pressure steam forcing piston from one end to other\u00a0end throughout and not due to expansion of steam.\r\n\r\nExpansive type steam engine has steam injection for only a part of piston stroke and the\u00a0expansion occurs in remaining part of stroke.\r\n\u00a0\r\nThe cut off ratio in case of non-expansive engine is unity while for expansive engine it is less\u00a0than unity\r\n\u00a0\r\nBased on type of exhaust from engine\r\n\u00a0\r\nExhaust from steam engine may either go to atmosphere or to condenser. In certain applications\u00a0where expansion in steam engine is extended up to sub atmospheric pressure then the exhaust steam\u00a0from engine is sent to condenser. Such type of engine whose exhaust goes to condenser are termed as\u00a0\u2018Condensing engine\u2019. The steam engines whose exhaust steam is delivered to atmosphere is called\u00a0\u2018non-condensing engine\u2019.\r\n\u00a0\r\nBased on number of stages\r\nDepending upon the number of stages of expansion in steam engine, it may be termed as single\u00a0stage, two stage, three stage, four stage engine etc.\r\n\u00a0\r\nBased on number of cylinders\r\n\u00a0\r\nSteam engine may have steam expanding in single cylinder and engine is called \u201csimple steam\u00a0engine\u201d. Steam engine may have the expansion of steam occurring in more than one cylinder such as\u00a0expansion occurring in high pressure cylinder and low pressure cylinder etc. Such steam engine\u00a0having expansion in more than one cylinders sequentially are termed as \u201cCompound steam engine\u201d.\r\n\u00a0\r\nBased on type of governing\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n \tSteam engine may have different types of governing as throttle governing and cut-off governing.\r\n \tEngine may be called as throttle governed engine or cutoff governed engine.\r\n\r\n\r\n\u00a0\r\nBased on type of application\r\n\u00a0\r\nSteam engine may be of following types depending upon applications as;\r\ni. Stationary engine\r\nii. Marine engine\r\niii. Locomotive engine","headline":"Classification Of Steam Engine Plants- Basic Thermal Engineering","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2017-03-11","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/steamengineplant-300x138.png","height":138,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/powder-metallurgy-process/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/IntroductionToPowderMetallurgyPrinciplesofPowderMetallurgyProcess-300x156.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Introduction To Powder Metallurgy | Principles of Powder Metallurgy Process</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/powder-metallurgy-process/">Introduction To Powder Metallurgy | Principles of Powder Metallurgy Process</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>What is Powder Metallurgy Process | Advantages and Disadvantages Of Powder Metallurgy   Introduction Of Powder Metallurgy
The process of manufacturing of shaped components or semi-finished...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/powder-metallurgy-process/" aria-label="View Post: Introduction To Powder Metallurgy | Principles of Powder Metallurgy Process">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Introduction To Powder Metallurgy | Principles of Powder Metallurgy Process","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/powder-metallurgy-process\/","articleBody":"What is Powder Metallurgy Process\u00a0| Advantages and Disadvantages Of Powder Metallurgy\u00a0\r\n\r\nIntroduction Of Powder Metallurgy\r\nThe process of manufacturing of shaped components or semi-finished products such as bar and sheet from metal powder is called as Powder metallurgy.\u00a0\r\nThe technique of powder metallurgy combines unique technical features with cost effectiveness and generally used to produce sintered hard metals known as \u2018carbides\u2019 or \u2018tungsten carbides\u2019.\u00a0\r\nThis technique deals with the production of metal and non metal powders and manufacture of components.\u00a0\r\nPowder metallurgy is generally used for iron based components. \u00a0\r\nThe powders used as raw material can be elemental, pre-alloyed, or partially alloyed.\u00a0\r\nElemental powders like iron and copper are more compressible and produce pressed compacts with good strength. \u00a0\r\nPre-alloyed powders are harder but less compressible therefore require higher pressing loads to produce high density compacts.\r\nPowder metallurgy technique has many advantage as well as limitation.\u00a0\r\nTwo main techniques used to form and consolidate the powder are sintering and metal injection molding. Recent developments have made it possible to use rapid manufacturing techniques which use the metal powder for the products. Because with this technique the powder is melted and not sintered, better mechanical strength can be accomplished.\r\n\r\n\u00a0\r\nPrinciples of Powder Metallurgy Process\r\n\u00a0\r\nPowder metallurgy is the process of blending fine powdered materials, compacting the same into a desired shape or form inside a mould followed by heating of the compacted powder in a controlled atmosphere, referred to as sintering to facilitate the formation of bonding of the powder particles to form the final part. Thus, the powder metallurgy process generally consists of four basic steps, as indicated in Figure\u00a0\r\n\u00a0\r\n(1) powder manufacture,\u00a0\r\n(2) blending of powders,\u00a0\r\n(3) compacting of powders in a mould or die, and\r\n(4) sintering.\u00a0\r\n\u00a0\r\nCompacting is generally performed at room temperature and at high pressure. Sintering is usually done at elevated temperature and at atmospheric pressure. Often, compacting and sintering are combined. Optional secondary processing often follows to obtain special properties or enhanced dimensional precision. Powder Metallurgy route is very suitable for parts that are required to be manufactured from a single or multiple materials (in powder form) with very high strength and melting temperature that pose challenge for the application of casting or deformation processes.\r\n\u00a0\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nSteps In Powder Metallurgy\r\n\r\n\r\nAdvantages Of Powder Metallurgy:\r\n\u00a0\r\n\u00a0Metal in powder form is costlier than in solid form. Further, expensive dies and equipment needed to adapt this process implies that the process is justified by the unusual properties obtained in the products. Powder metallurgy offers the following specific advantages.\r\n\r\n\r\n \tParts can be produced from high melting point refractory metals with respectively less difficulty and at less cost.\r\n \tProduction rates are high even for complex parts. This is primarily because of the use of automated equipment in the process.\r\n \tNear net shape components are produced. The dimensional tolerances on components are mostly such that no further machining is needed. Scrap is almost negligible.\r\n \tParts can be made from a great variety of compositions. It is therefore much easy to have parts of desired mechanical and physical properties like density, hardness toughness, stiffness, damping, and specific electrical or magnetic properties.\r\n \tParts can be produced with impregnation and infiltration of other materials to obtain special characteristics needed for specific applications.\r\n \tSkilled machinists are not needed, so labour cost is low\r\n \tParts with controlled porosity can be produced\r\n \tBi-metallic products, sintered carbides and porous bearings can be produced only by this process.\r\n\r\n\r\nLimitations Of Powder Metallurgy :\r\n\u00a0Powder metallurgy has the following limitations.\r\n\r\n\r\n \tHigh cost of metal powders compared to the cost of raw material used for casting or forging a component. A few powders are even difficult to store without some deterioration.\r\n \tHigh cost of tooling and equipment. This is particularly a limitation when production volumes are small.\r\n \tLarge or complex shaped parts are difficult to produce by PM process.\r\n \tParts have lower ductility and strength than those produced by forging.\r\n \tUniformly high \u2013 density products are difficult to produce.\r\n \tSome powders (such as aluminum, magnesium, titanium and zirconium) in a finally divided state present fire hazard and risk of explosion.\r\n \tLow melting point metal powders (such as of zinc, tin, cadmium) give thermal difficulties during sintering operation, as most oxides of these metals cannot be reduced at temperatures below the melting point.\r\n\r\n\r\nApplications of Powder Metallurgy\r\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 There is a great variety of machine components that are produced from metal powders, many of these are put to use without any machining operation carried out on them. Following are some of the prominent PM Products.\r\n\u00a0\r\nFilters:\r\n\u00a0Permanent metal powder filters have greater strength and shock resistance than ceramic filters.\u00a0\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nCutting Tools and Dies.\u00a0\r\nCemented carbide cutting tool inserts find extensive applications in machine shops. These are produced by PM from tungsten carbide powder mixed with cobalt binder.\r\n\u00a0\r\nMachinery Parts.\u00a0\r\nSeveral machinery parts including gears, bushes and bearings, sprockets, rotors are made from metal powders mixed with sufficient graphite to give to product the desired carbon content. The parts have nearly 20 percent porosity. The pores of the parts which are to rub against another surface in their use, are impregnated with oil to promote quiet operation.\r\n\u00a0\r\nBearing and Bushes.\u00a0\r\nBearing and bushes to be used with rotating parts are made from copper powder mixed with graphite. In small quantities, lead or tin may also be added for obtaining better wear resistance. After sintering, the bearings are sized and then impregnated with oil by vacuum treatment. Porosity in the bearings may be as high as 40 percent of the volume. Other machinery parts made by PM include clutch plates, brake drums, ball retainers and welding rods.\r\n\u00a0\r\nMagnets.\u00a0\r\nSmall magnets produced from different compositions of powders of iron, aluminum, nickel and cobalt have shown excellent performance, far superior to those cast.\r\n\u00a0\r\nElectrical Parts.\u00a0\r\nThe possibility of combining several metal powders and maintaining some characteristics of each has promoted PM for production of electric contact parts. These parts are required to have excellent electrical conductivity, be wear resistant, and somewhat refractory. Several combinations such as copper \u2013 tungsten, cobalt \u2013 tungsten, silver \u2013 tungsten, copper-nickel, and silver \u2013 molybdenum have been used for production of these parts.","headline":"Introduction To Powder Metallurgy | Principles of Powder Metallurgy Process","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2017-03-07","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/IntroductionToPowderMetallurgyPrinciplesofPowderMetallurgyProcess-300x156.jpg","height":156,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/telescopic-cylinder-using-rack-and/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/DESIGNANDFABRICATIONOFTELESCOPICCYLINDERFORUSINGRACKANDPINIONMECHANISM-300x180.png')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Telescopic Cylinder using Rack and Pinion Mechanism-mechanical Mini Project</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/telescopic-cylinder-using-rack-and/">Telescopic Cylinder using Rack and Pinion Mechanism-mechanical Mini Project</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF TELESCOPIC CYLINDER USING RACK AND PINION MECHANISM
ABSTRACT:
A telescopic cylinder jack is a mechanism that lifts heavy objects. Jacks are used frequently in raising cars...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/telescopic-cylinder-using-rack-and/" aria-label="View Post: Telescopic Cylinder using Rack and Pinion Mechanism-mechanical Mini Project">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Telescopic Cylinder using Rack and Pinion Mechanism-mechanical Mini Project","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/telescopic-cylinder-using-rack-and\/","articleBody":"DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF TELESCOPIC CYLINDER USING RACK AND PINION MECHANISM\r\nABSTRACT:\r\nA telescopic cylinder jack is a mechanism that lifts heavy objects. Jacks are used frequently in raising cars so that a tire can be changed. A many type of jack is commonly used with cars but is also used in many other ways, including industrial machinery and even airplanes.\u00a0\r\nThe screw has a thread designed to withstand an enormous amount of pressure. This is due to the fact that it is generally holding up heavy objects for an extended amount of time. Once up, they normally self-lock so that they won't fall if the operator lets go, and they hold up well to the wear of repeated use. If they are made with a ball nut, they will last longer because there is less friction created with this type of jack.\r\n\u00a0\r\nThe jack can be raised and lowered with a metal bar that is inserted into the jack. The operator turns the bar with his hands in a clockwise direction. This turns the screw inside the jack and makes it go up. The screw lifts the small metal cylinder and platform that are above it. As the jack goes up, whatever is placed above it will raise as well, once the jack makes contact.\u00a0\r\nMaximum jack lifts low level distance but we have to fabricate this model lift your needed distance, which is contain for rack and pinion drive in inner side of cylinder so, it is lift very high done it possible. \u00a0\r\n\u00a0\r\nINTRODUCTION:\r\nTelescopic jacks have been around for decades. A recent teardown of a nine-story 1920s building in downtown Los Angeles uncovered an elevator operated by a water hydraulic unit and lifted by a telescopic jack. While such early designs were functional, in many cases, they were more trouble than they were worth. Non-synchronized telescopic jacks, for instance, had poor ride quality, since each stage acted independently of the other in either direction.\u00a0\r\nToday\u2019s technology is far more advanced, and modern uses for telescopic jacks are far more versatile in that they satisfy the needs of a changing industry.\u00a0\r\nTelescopic jacks provide solutions for complicated space requirements, modernization, new construction designs and cylinder replacements, while also possessing intrinsic benefits like contamination reduction. Other advantages include no hole having to be drilled, and no ropes, governors or safeties. In some applications that may require partial embedment into the pit floor, a two-to four-stop hole-less telescopic jack would be recommended.\r\n\u00a0\r\nWORKING PRINCIPLE:\r\nThe telescopic cylinder jack it is one of the serious cylinder it is called stages. We have fabricate that telescopic cylinder jack three stages having, the rack and pinion connecting separate stages, which is connecting on lead screw for lifting purpose when you need the jack lifting condition drive the lead screw it is going up, by on rack and pinion drive.\r\nEvery stages connecting separate rack and pinion, it is serious connection and connecting through on lead screw, when it drives condition step by step going through up in stage by stage.\r\n\u00a0\r\n\r\nTelescopic Cylinder using Rack and Pinion Mechanism-mechanical Mini Project\u00a0\r\n\r\nADVANTAGE:\r\n\u2022 Easy lifting on any heavy weight.\r\n\u2022 It is connecting through on serious connection so; it will be operating system is easy.\r\n\u2022 Simple construction and handled easy.\r\n\u2022 More efficiency.\r\n\u2022 Weight lifting height distance is more.\r\n\u00a0\r\nAPPLICATION:\r\n\u2022 Industrial usage.\r\n\u2022 Weight lifting purpose.\r\n\u2022 Heavy and light vehicle lifting purpose.\u00a0","headline":"Telescopic Cylinder using Rack and Pinion Mechanism-mechanical Mini Project","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2017-03-06","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/DESIGNANDFABRICATIONOFTELESCOPICCYLINDERFORUSINGRACKANDPINIONMECHANISM-300x180.png","height":180,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <nav class="pagination-wrapper" aria-label="article pagination"> <a class="prev page-numbers" href="?page_num=247">&laquo; PREV</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=1"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>1</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">&hellip;</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=246"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>246</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=247"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>247</a> <span aria-current="page" class="page-numbers current"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>248</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=249"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>249</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=250"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>250</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">&hellip;</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=338"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>338</a> <a class="next page-numbers" href="?page_num=249">NEXT &raquo;</a></nav></section></main><aside id="secondary" class="widget-area"><div class="about-wrapper"><h2 class="widget-title" style="background: #d693c6; color: #ff392e">About Us</h2><div class="about-image" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Sachin-Thorat-300x300-min.png')"></div><p class="about-copy">LearnMech.Com is a Mechanical Project-oriented platform run by Sachin Thorat who is a B-Tech Graduate in Mechanical Engineering. 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