Project On Anti-lock Braking System used For Automobile Cars
INTRODUCTION
防锁制动系统（ABS）使用电子控件在硬破裂下保持轮旋，否则将锁定车轮的车轮。保持车轮旋转会提高车辆的稳定性，尤其是当轮胎/道路摩擦减少或变化时，就像人行道潮湿时一样。先前对改善制动与安全性之间关系的一般性以及早期的Antilock制动文献使人们预计ABS与安全之间会有复杂的相互作用。测试轨道评估令人信服地证明了在各种条件下ABS的技术优势。一项分析非ABS车队历史交通崩溃数据的研究预测，德国的通用ABS可能会使严重崩溃减少10％至15％。但是，当慕尼黑的出租车驾驶员被随机分配有和没有ABS的车辆时，尽管每组经历了不同类型的撞车事故，但两组之间的崩溃率没有总体差异。由于显然是ABS引起的崩溃的严重程度小于预防撞车事故的严重程度，因此该研究表明，ABS系统导致净减少伤害。对瑞典保险数据的分析发现了不同类型的撞车事故和ABS发生率之间的关联。对加拿大保险数据的分析发现，索赔频率降低了9％，但平均索赔严重程度增加了10％。高速公路损失数据研究所发现，在交通崩溃的频率或严重性中，与ABS无关。 A study using police-reported crashes per registered vehicle reports a 6% to 8% reduction in crash risk due to ABS, while another study using fatal crashes finds an increase in risk to occupants of ABS equipped vehicles but a decrease in risk to other road users. The present paper aims at increasing understanding about the relationship between ABS and traffic safety by summarizing the results of two recent studies, augmenting these results with additional data and findings, and then comparing the results to other results in the literature. The first of the two studies examined how ABS affects the relative risk of crashes in general under different roadway, environmental, and other conditions using data on police reported crashes from two states. The second study was confined to two-car crashes, and examined the following two questions: How does ABS affect a vehicle’s risk of crashing into a vehicle it is following? How does ABS affect a vehicle’s risk of being struck in the rear? This study used data from five states. In the present paper the results of the first study are updated by including data from all five states.
工作原则
ABS-antilock braking system Mechanical Project
Anti-lock braking system (ABS) is an automobile safety system that allows the wheels on a motor vehicle to maintain tractive contact with the road surface according to driver inputs while braking, preventing the wheels from locking up (ceasing rotation) and avoiding uncontrolled skidding. It is an automated system that uses the principles of threshold braking and cadence braking which were practiced by skillful drivers with previous generation braking systems. It does this at a much faster rate and with better control than a driver could manage.
• Traction control.trac的ABS股票的一些基础设施tion control system, where new technology helps ensure that each wheel has traction on the road. That makes it easy for manufacturers to install both of these features at the factory.
反锁制动器的缺点
Despite the fact that anti-lock brakes are proven to be a safety feature in most situations, and insurers consider them to significantly lower risk for a vehicle, not all drivers are sold on this option for a car or truck. Here are some of the down sides that drivers find in this kind of brake system.
• Inconsistent stop times. Anti-lock brakes are made to provide for surer braking in slippery conditions. However, some drivers report that they find stopping distances for regular conditions are lengthened by their ABS, either because there may be errors in the system, or because the clunking or noise of the ABS may contribute to the driver not braking at the same rate.
• Expense. An ABS can be expensive to maintain. Expensive sensors on each wheel can cost hundreds of dollars to fix if they get out of calibration or develop other problems. For some, this is a big reason to decline an ABS in a vehicle.
• Delicate systems. It’s easy to cause a problem in an ABS by messing around with the brakes. Problems include disorientation of the ABS, where a compensating brake sensor causes the vehicle to shudder, make loud noise or generally brake worse.
Sachin is a B-TECH graduate in Mechanical Engineering from a reputed Engineering college. Currently, he is working in the sheet metal industry as a designer. Additionally, he has interested in Product Design, Animation, and Project design. He also likes to write articles related to the mechanical engineering field and tries to motivate other mechanical engineering students by his innovative project ideas, design, models and videos.
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