Introduction to CAD/CAM/CIM Technologies

Table of Contents

This sub-category is about new technologies that would enhance manufacturing efficiency of the plant. Many foreign companies have already adopted such manufacturing methodology.

For example: TOYOTA is the first company who adopted Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) which comes under Computer Integrated Manufacturing. Now days, Industries are adopting these technologies though it has some Disadvantages.

Introduction to CAD/CAM/CIM Technologies

One by One我们将看到新技术的简要介绍：

Computer Aided Design (CAD):

A CAD software package allows a designer to create technical drawings and schematics. There are two main types of packages –2D(two dimensional) which concentrate on ‘flat’ drawings having width and height,for example,a garden design program.另一种类型的CAD软件包是3D(three dimensional) which allow you to deal with depth as well, for example a kitchen design application. Thebenefits使用CAD是生产快速准确的图纸，并且在电子上进行了测试，而无需物理地进行时间和金钱。

计算机集成制造（CIM）：

Computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) is the manufacturing approach of using computers to control the entire production process, it is the总体整合 Of computer aided design and computer aided manufacturing. The computers that design the products are linked directly to the computers that aid the manufacturing process.

For Example:Flexible Manufacturing System –here manufacturing system is integrated with machine station (CNC/VMC i.e. Automatic lathe machine or Milling machine) and material handling system (Robots, AS/RS material storage System).

Fig. General
计算机集成制造系统的布局 - 查看系统的工作方式！

Electronic Point of Sales (EPOS):

It is a计算机库存控制系统employed by firms; it works by a在结帐扫描产品条形码的结帐时激光。A computerized database then matches it to the correct item and the stock level is reduced by one. It prevents the firms carrying too much or too less of stock and sends an automatic reorder to the suppliers eliminating the time consumed.

Electronic Funds Transfer Point of Sales (EFTPOS):

这是指使您能够以电子方式使用信用卡或借记卡支付商品的技术。它还使商店能够以电子方式与银行联系，以检查您的卡是否有效并且没有被盗，并且您的帐户中有资金来支付货物。您将电子借记卡 /信用卡插入终端设备中，然后输入PIN号码或登录以验证它是您的卡。
Once payment has been authorized by the bank the money will be removed from your account and electronically paid into the firm’s bank account.

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

Advantages of CAD/ CAM/Computer Integrated
Manufacturing :

Productivity and consistency is greater as new production methods are used.

Greater job satisfaction motivates workers to work hard, as repetitive and boring jobs are now done by machines.

Better quality products are produced owing to better production methods and better quality control.
Better consumer service results from computers being used to monitor stock levels.
Quicker communication and reduced paper work, owing to computers, lead to increased
盈利能力。

· Disadvantages of Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM):

Unemployment increases as machines/computers replace people in factories and offices.

It is expensive as capital intensive, which increases the risks as large quantities of products need to be sold to cover the cost of purchasing the equipment.

需要对员工进行培训以应对新技术，并对引入新技术的工作实践的变化感到不满。
New technology is changing all the time and will become outdated at some point of time which will need to be replaced by the business to remain competitive.