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Mechanism</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Dual Side Water Pumping System using Scotch Yoke Mechanism
ABSTRACT
The aim of the project is fabrication of duel side water pump. Duel side water pump using scotch yoke mechanism are reciprocating...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/dual-side-water-pumping-system-using-scotch-yoke-mechanism/" aria-label="View Post: Dual Side Water Pumping System using Scotch Yoke Mechanism">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Dual Side Water Pumping System using Scotch Yoke Mechanism","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/dual-side-water-pumping-system-using-scotch-yoke-mechanism\/","articleBody":"Dual Side Water Pumping System using Scotch Yoke Mechanism\r\nABSTRACT\r\nThe aim of the project is fabrication of duel side water pump. Duel side water pump using scotch yoke mechanism are reciprocating pump is which the plunger is provide for the pumping action. The plunger is reciprocated with the help of a cam place. By this action the water is pumped to very high pressure. This can be applied for various application. The cam plate gets the drive from the motor.The main function of the pump entirely depends upon the reciprocating motion of the plunger. The enter from the tank enter to the inlet port through PVC pipe. The water is passed to the cylinder. More the plunger compressed and delivers the water to a very high pressure. This cam plates get the drive from the motor.When the cam plate is made to rotate the plunger is move to the Bottom Dead Center (BDC). When the happens the suction of the water is in action. The suction is carried out by the plungers. The water sucked from the tank to the plunger cylinder through pipes and ports. The plunger forces toward the top dead center (TDC). Due to the force the developing of the water from the cylinder is carried out. The water is delivered through a one way valve. The delivery action takes place on plungers But the flow of water will be constant. The water delivered will be of very high pressure. The high pressure water is takes through pipes and utilized for the various purposes is agricultural applications.\r\nINTRODUCTION\r\nA pump is a Mechanical device which converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy. This pump is classified into two types;\r\ni. Positive Displacement and\r\nii. Non-Positive Displacement pump\r\nIn positive displacement pump is the one, in which the liquid is transferred positively from one stage to another stage by the to and fro motion of the plunger or piston of the pump. In non-positive displacement pump the liquid is transferred by the centrifugal force. This force is cause due to the rotary movement of an impeller. In this, our project, radial plunger pump is of positive displacement pump. The salient features of a Radial plunger pump have been retained in our project model and this has been achieved with great care. Due to high precision work involved in producing radial plunger pump besides higher cost these pumps are not widely manufactured by most of the industries. The very name itself indicates that it works with the help of a plunger. This plunger is reciprocated with the help of a cam shaft. This is rotated by the motor. The camshaft is the heart of this pump. The plunger reciprocated does the pumping action. The oil in the tank at normal pressure is delivered to a very high pressure after pumping. This high pressure oil is utilized for various purpose like lifting, load transferring etc.\r\n\r\nRead also :\u00a0\r\n\r\nReciprocating Pump - Construction and Working animation\r\n\r\nScotch Yoke Mechanism - Animation , Advantages and Application\r\n\r\nCOMPONENTS USED\r\nThe main components of a project is\r\n1. Reciprocating water pump\r\n2. cam plate\r\n3. A.C motor\r\n4. Bearing\r\n\r\ndual water pump using scotch yoke mechanism\r\n\r\nWORKING PRINCIPLE\r\nThe main function of this pump entirely depends upon the reciprocating motion of the plunger. The water from the tank enters to the inlet part through pvc pipes. The water is then passed to the cylinder. Here the plunger compresses and delivers the water to a very high pressure. This plunger is of one in number, which are normal loaded. These normal loaded plungers are reciprocated by a cam plate . The cam plate is supported by ball bearing on both sides to reset on the end plates.\r\n\r\nThis cam plates gets the drive from the motor. In the plunger it has a follower. It rests on the cam plate with motor shaft . When the cam plate is made to rotate the plunger is moves to the Bottom Dead Centre (BDC). When this happens the suction of the water is in action. This action is carried out by the plungers. The water is sucked from the tank to the plunger cylinder through pipes and ports. And thus the suction happens. When the cam plate rotates further the plunger is also reciprocated. The plunger forces towards the top Dead Centre (TDC). Due to this force the delivering of the water from the cylinder is carried out. The water is delivered through a one way value. The delivery action takes place on plungers alternatively. But the flow of water will be constant. The water delivered will be of very high pressure. This high pressure water is taken through pipes and utilised for various purposes in agricultural application\r\n\r\nWatch Video Animation :\r\n\r\nADVANTAGES\r\n\r\nEven if all the other pumps are similar in use the dual side water pump is more advantageous than the other pumps.\r\n1. This is of compact in size\r\n2. Less Maintenance is enough\r\n3. The water pumped is of higher pressure\r\n4. Quite running and smooth operation is achieved.\r\n5. Higher efficiency\r\n6. Full efficient positive displacement pump\r\n\r\nAPPLICATIONS\r\n1. Since the dual side water pump is more efficient it is used for pumping the water mostly.\r\n2. It is widely applicable in agricultural purposes .","headline":"Dual Side Water Pumping System using Scotch Yoke Mechanism","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-03-19","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 20, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/dual-water-pump-using-scotch-yoke-mechanism-300x169.jpg","height":169,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal no-thumb"><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/what-is-non-positive-displacement-pumps-advantages-and-disadvantages/">What is Non-Positive Displacement Pumps | Advantages and Disadvantages</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>What is Non-Positive Displacement Pumps | Advantages and Disadvantages
 Non-Positive Displacement Pumps
Non-positive displacement pumps are primarily velocity-type units that have a great deal of...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/what-is-non-positive-displacement-pumps-advantages-and-disadvantages/" aria-label="View Post: What is Non-Positive Displacement Pumps | Advantages and Disadvantages">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"What is Non-Positive Displacement Pumps | Advantages and Disadvantages","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/what-is-non-positive-displacement-pumps-advantages-and-disadvantages\/","articleBody":"What is Non-Positive Displacement Pumps | Advantages and Disadvantages\r\n Non-Positive Displacement Pumps\r\nNon-positive displacement pumps are primarily velocity-type units that have a great deal of clearance between rotating and stationary parts. Non-displacement pumps are characterized by a high slip that increases as the back pressure increases, so that the outlet may be completely closed without damage to the pump or system. Non-positive pumps do not develop a high pressure but move a large volume of fluid at low pressures. They have essentially no suction lift. Because of large clearance space, these pumps are not self-priming.\r\n\r\nRead more :\u00a0Types of Hydraulic Fluids | Hydraulic Fluid Selection\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nIn other words, the pumping action has too much clearance space to seal against atmospheric pressure. The displacement between the inlet and the outlet is not positive. Therefore, the volume of fluid delivered by a pump depends on the speed at which the pump is operated and the resistance at the discharge side. As the resistance builds up at the discharge side, the fluid slips back into the clearance spaces, or in other words, follows the path of least resistance. When the resistance gets to a certain value, no fluid gets delivered to the system and the volumetric efficiency of the pump drops to zero for a given speed. These pumps are not used in fluid power industry as they are not capable of withstanding high pressure. Their maximum capacity is limited to 17\u201320 bar.These types of pumpsare primarily used for transporting fluids such as water, petroleum,etc.,from one location to another considerable apart location. Performance curves for positive and non positive displacement pumps .\r\n\r\nThe two most common types of hydrodynamic pumps are the centrifugal and the axial flow propeller pumps.\r\n\r\ncentrifugal pump\r\n\r\nAdvantages and disadvantages of non-positive displacement pumps\r\n\r\nThe advantages are as follows:\r\n1.Non-displacement pumps have fewer moving parts.\r\n2.Initial and maintenance cost is low.\r\n3. They give smooth continuous flow.\r\n4. They are suitable for handling almost all types of fluids including slurries and sledges.\r\n5.Their operation is simple and reliable.\r\n\r\nThe disadvantages are as follows:\r\n1.Non-displacement pumps are not self-priming and hence they must be positioned below the fluid level.\r\n2. Discharge is a function of output resistance.\r\n3.Low volumetric efficiency.","headline":"What is Non-Positive Displacement Pumps | Advantages and Disadvantages","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-03-18","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 20, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"","height":0,"width":0},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/practical-applications-of-pascals-law-basic-of-fluid-mechanics/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Application-of-Pascal-law-Hand-operated-hydraulic-jack-300x251.gif')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Practical Applications of Pascal’s Law &#8211; Basic Of Fluid Mechanics</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/practical-applications-of-pascals-law-basic-of-fluid-mechanics/">Practical Applications of Pascal’s Law &#8211; Basic Of Fluid Mechanics</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Practical Applications of Pascal’s Law - Basic Of Fluid Mechanics
 Practical Applications of Pascal’s Law
The practical applications of Pascal’s law are numerous. In this section, two...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/practical-applications-of-pascals-law-basic-of-fluid-mechanics/" aria-label="View Post: Practical Applications of Pascal’s Law &#8211; Basic Of Fluid Mechanics">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Practical Applications of Pascal\u2019s Law &#8211; Basic Of Fluid Mechanics","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/practical-applications-of-pascals-law-basic-of-fluid-mechanics\/","articleBody":"Practical Applications of Pascal\u2019s Law - Basic Of Fluid Mechanics\r\n Practical Applications of Pascal\u2019s Law\r\nThe practical applications of Pascal\u2019s law are numerous. In this section, two applications of Pascal\u2019s law are presented:\r\n\r\n(a) The hand-operated hydraulic jack and\r\n\r\n(b) the air-to-hydraulic pressure booster.\r\n\r\nSee More : What Is Pascal Law and Application of Pascal law\r\n\r\n\u00a0Hand-Operated Hydraulic Jack\r\n\r\nThis system uses a piston-type hand pump to power a hydraulic load cylinder for lifting loads, as illustrated in Fig. The operation is as follows:\r\n\r\n1. A hand force is applied at point A of handle ABC which is pivoted at point C. The piston rod of the pump cylinder is pinned to the input handle of the pump piston at point B.\r\n\r\n2. The pump cylinder contains a small-diameter piston that is free to move up and down. The piston and rod are rigidly connected together. When the handle is pulled up, the piston rises and creates a vacuum in the space below it. As a result, the atmospheric pressure forces the oil to leave the oil tank and flow through check valve 1 to fill the void created below the pump piston. This is the suction process.\r\n\r\n3. A check valve allows flow to pass in only one direction, as indicated by the arrow. When the handle is pushed down, oil is ejected from the small-diameter pump cylinder and it flows through check valve 2 and enters the bottom end of the large-diameter load cylinder.\r\n\r\n4. The load cylinder is similar in construction to the pump cylinder and contains a piston connected to a rod. Pressure builds up below the load piston and equals the pressure generated by the pump piston. The pressure generated by the pump piston equals the force applied to the\r\npump piston rod divided by the area of the pump piston.\r\n\r\n5. The load that can be lifted equals the product of the pressure and the area of the load piston. Also, each time when the input handle is cycled up and down, a specified volume of oil is ejected from the pump to raise the load cylinder a given distance.\r\n\r\n6. The bleed valve is a hand-operated valve, which, when opened, allows the load to be lowered by bleeding oil from the load cylinder back to the oil tank.\r\n\r\nSee also\u00a0\u00a07 Hydraulic Jack Related Mechanical Projects Report Download\r\n\r\nApplication of Pascal law Hand-operated hydraulic jack\r\n\r\n Air-to-Hydraulic Pressure Booster\r\n\r\nThis device is used for converting shop air into higher hydraulic pressure needed for operating hydraulic cylinders requiring small to medium volumes of higher pressure oil. It consists of a cylinder containing a large-diameter air piston driving a small-diameter hydraulic piston that is actually a long rod connected to the piston. Any shop equipped with an airline can obtain smooth, efficient hydraulic power from an air-to-hydraulic pressure booster hooked into the air line. The alternative would be a complete hydraulic system including expensive pumps and high-pressure valves. Other benefits include space savings and low operating and maintenance costs.\r\n\r\nFigure\u00a0 shows an application where an air-to-hydraulic pressure booster supplies high-pressure oil to a hydraulic cylinder whose short stroke piston is used to clamp a workpiece to a machine tool table. Since shop air pressure normally operates at 100 psi, a pneumatically operated clamp would require an excessively large cylinder to rigidly hold the workpiece while it is being machined.\r\n\r\nAir-to-hydraulic pressure booster\r\n\r\nThe air-to-hydraulic pressure booster operates as follows. Let us assume that the air piston has 10 cm2 area and is subjected to a 10 bar air pressure. This produces a 1000 N force on the booster\u2019s hydraulic piston. Thus, if the area of the booster\u2019s hydraulic piston is 1 cm2\r\n, the hydraulic oil pressure is 100 bar. As per Pascal\u2019s law, this produces 100 bar oil at the short stroke piston of the hydraulic clamping\r\ncylinder mounted on the machine tool table.\r\n\r\nThe pressure ratio of an air-to-hydraulic pressure booster can be found by using the following equation:\r\n\r\nPressure ratio = Output oil pressure \/Input oil pressure\r\n\r\n= Area of air piston\/ Area of hydraulic piston","headline":"Practical Applications of Pascal\u2019s Law &#8211; Basic Of Fluid Mechanics","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-03-18","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 20, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Application-of-Pascal-law-Hand-operated-hydraulic-jack-300x251.gif","height":251,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/types-of-hydraulic-fluids-hydraulic-fluid-selection/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/TYPES-OF-HYDRAULIC-FLUIDS-300x164.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Types of Hydraulic Fluids | Hydraulic Fluid Selection</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/types-of-hydraulic-fluids-hydraulic-fluid-selection/">Types of Hydraulic Fluids | Hydraulic Fluid Selection</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Types of Hydraulic Fluids | Hydraulic Fluid Selection
Types of Hydraulic Fluids
There are different types of hydraulic fluids that have the required properties. In general, while selecting a...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/types-of-hydraulic-fluids-hydraulic-fluid-selection/" aria-label="View Post: Types of Hydraulic Fluids | Hydraulic Fluid Selection">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Types of Hydraulic Fluids | Hydraulic Fluid Selection","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/types-of-hydraulic-fluids-hydraulic-fluid-selection\/","articleBody":"Types of Hydraulic Fluids | Hydraulic Fluid Selection\r\nTypes of Hydraulic Fluids\r\nThere are different types of hydraulic fluids that have the required properties. In general, while selecting a suitable oil, a few important factors are considered. First, its compatibility with seals, bearing and components is seen; second, its viscosity and other parameters such as fix resistance and environmental stability are also considered. There are five major types of hydraulic flow fluids which meet various needs of the system. These are briefly discussed as follows:\r\n\r\nRead More\u00a0 :\u00a0Functions of Hydraulic Fluids | Specification of Oil\r\n\r\nTYPES OF HYDRAULIC FLUIDS\r\n\r\n1. Petroleum-based fluids:\r\n\r\n Mineral oils are the petroleum-based oils that are the most commonly used hydraulic fluids. \r\n\r\nBasically, they possess most of the desirable characteristics: they are easily available and are economical. In addition, they offer the best lubrication ability, least corrosion problems and are compatible with most seal materials. \r\n\r\nThe only major disadvantage of these fluids is their flammability. They pose fire hazards, mainly from the leakages, in high-temperature environments such as steel industries, etc.\r\n\r\nMineral oils are good for operating temperatures below 50\u00b0C, At higher temperatures, these oils lose their chemical stability and form acids, varnishes, etc. All these lead to the loss of lubrication characteristics, increased wear and tear, corrosion and related problems. Fortunately, additives are available that improve chemical stability, reduce oxidation, foam formation and other problems.\r\n\r\nA petroleum oil is still by far the most highly used base for hydraulic fluids. \r\n\r\nIn general, petroleum oil has the following properties:\r\n\r\n \tExcellent lubricity.\r\n \tHigher demulsibility.\r\n \tMore oxidation resistance.\r\n \tHigher viscosity index.\r\n \tProtection against rust.\r\n \tGood sealing characteristics.\r\n \tEasy dissipation of heat.\r\n \tEasy cleaning by filtration.\r\n\r\nMost of the desirable properties of the fluid, if not already present in the crude oil, can be incorporated through refining or adding additives.\r\n\r\nA principal disadvantage of petroleum oil is that it burns easily. For applications where fire could be a hazard, such as heat treating, hydroelectric welding, die casting, forging and many others, there are several types of fire-resistant fluids available.\r\n\r\n2. Emulsions: \r\n\r\nEmulsions are a mixture of two fluids that do not chemically react with others. Emulsions of petroleum-based oil and water are commonly used. An emulsifier is normally added to the emulsion, which keeps liquid as small droplets and remains suspended in the other liquid. \r\n\r\nTwo types of emulsions are in use: \r\n\r\nOil-in-water emulsions: \r\n\r\nThis emulsion has water as the main phase, while small droplets of oil are dispersed in it. Generally, the oil dilution is limited, about 5%;\r\nhence, it exhibits the characteristics of water. Its limitations are poor viscosity, leading to leakage problems, loss in volumetric efficiency and poor lubrication properties. These problems can be overcome to a greater extent by using certain additives. Such emulsions are used in high displacement, low-speed pumps (such as in mining applications).\r\n\r\nWater-in-oil emulsions: \r\n\r\nWater-in-oil emulsions, also called inverse emulsions, are basically oil based in which small droplets of water are dispersed throughout the oil phase. They are most popular fire-resistant hydraulic fluids. They exhibit more of an oil-like characteristic; hence, they have good viscosity and lubrication properties. The commonly used emulsion has a dilution of 60% oil and 40% water. These emulsions are good for operations at 25\u00b0C, as at a higher temperature, water evaporates and leads to the loss of fire-resistant properties.\r\n\r\n3. Water glycol: \r\n\r\nWater glycol is another nonflammable fluid commonly used in aircraft hydraulic systems. It generally has a low lubrication ability as compared to mineral oils and is not suitable for high-temperature applications. It has water and glycol in the ratio of 1:1. Because of its aqueous nature and presence of air, it is prone to oxidation and related problems. It needs to be added with oxidation inhibitors. Enough care is essential in using this fluid as it is toxic and corrosive toward certain metals such as zinc, magnesium and aluminum. Again, it is not suitable for high-temperature operations as the water may evaporate. However, it is very good for low-temperature applications as it possesses high antifreeze characteristics.\r\n\r\n4. Synthetic fluids: \r\n\r\nSynthetic fluid, based on phosphate ester, is another popular fire-resistant fluid. It is suitable for high-temperature applications, since it exhibits good viscosity and lubrication characteristics. It is not suitable for low-temperature applications. It is not compatible with common sealing materials such as nitrile. Basically being expensive, it requires expensive sealing materials (viton). In addition, phosphate ester is not an environmental-friendly fluid. It also attacks aluminum and paints.\r\n\r\n5. Vegetable oils: \r\n\r\nThe increase in the global pollution has led to the use of more environmental-friendly fluids. Vegetable-based oils are biodegradable and are environmental safe. They have good lubrication properties, moderate viscosity and are less expensive. They can be formulated to have good fire resistance characteristics with certain additives. Vegetable oils have a tendency to easily oxidize and absorb moisture. The acidity, sludge formation and corrosion problems are more severe in vegetable oils than in mineral oils. Hence, vegetable oils need good inhibitors to minimize oxidation problems.\r\n\r\n6. Biodegradable hydraulic fluids: \r\n\r\nAs more and more organizations are understanding their social responsibility and are turning toward eco-friendly machinery and work regime, a biodegradable hydraulic fluid is too becoming a sought after product in the dawn of an environmentalist era. Biodegradable hydraulic fluids, alternatively known as bio-based hydraulic fluids, Bio-based hydraulic fluids use sunflower, rapeseed, soybean, etc., as the base oil and hence cause less pollution in the case of oil leaks or hydraulic hose failures. These fluids carry similar properties as that of a mineral oil\u2013based anti-wear hydraulic fluid, Hypothetically, if a company plans to introduce bio-based fluids into the hydraulic components of the machinery and the permissible operating pressure of hydraulic components is reduced to 80%, then it would inversely lead to a 20% reduction in breaking-out force owing to the 20% reduction in excavator\u2019s operating pressure. It is so because a reduction in the operating pressure of a system leads to a reduction in actuator force. \r\n\r\nBesides, the transformation would not only include the cost of fluid and flushing of machinery to transcend from a mineral oil to vegetable oil repeatedly but also include the derating costs of machinery.\r\nFactors Influencing the Selection of a Fluid\r\nThe selection of a hydraulic fluid for a given system is governed by the following factors:\r\n\r\n1. Operating pressure of the system.\r\n2. Operating temperature of the system and its variation.\r\n3. Material of the system and its compatibility with oil used.\r\n4. Speed of operation.\r\n5. Availability of replacement fluid.\r\n6. Cost of transmission lines.\r\n7. Contamination possibilities.\r\n8. Environmental condition (fire proneness, extreme atmosphere like in mining, etc.)\r\n9. Lubricity.\r\n10. Safety to operator.\r\n11. Expected service life.","headline":"Types of Hydraulic Fluids | Hydraulic Fluid Selection","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-03-18","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 20, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/TYPES-OF-HYDRAULIC-FLUIDS-300x164.jpg","height":164,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/functions-of-hydraulic-fluids-specification-of-oil/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/specification-of-oil-300x258.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Functions of Hydraulic Fluids | Specification of Oil</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/functions-of-hydraulic-fluids-specification-of-oil/">Functions of Hydraulic Fluids | Specification of Oil</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Functions of Hydraulic Fluids | Specification of Oil
Functions of Hydraulic Fluids
A hydraulic fluid is the transmitting medium of a hydraulic system. It is, therefore, an essential part of the...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/functions-of-hydraulic-fluids-specification-of-oil/" aria-label="View Post: Functions of Hydraulic Fluids | Specification of Oil">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Functions of Hydraulic Fluids | Specification of Oil","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/functions-of-hydraulic-fluids-specification-of-oil\/","articleBody":"Functions of Hydraulic Fluids | Specification of Oil\r\nFunctions of Hydraulic Fluids\r\nA hydraulic fluid is the transmitting medium of a hydraulic system. It is, therefore, an essential part of the system and we must know enough about it to ensure that the hydraulic system works efficiently. The most common liquid that is used as a medium in fluid power systems is petroleum-based mineral oil.\r\n\r\nIn fluid power systems, a hydraulic fluid has to perform various functions such as the following:\r\n\r\n1. Power transmission: To transmit power, which is the primary function.\r\n2. Lubrication: To lubricate various parts, so as to avoid metal-to-metal contact and reduce friction, wear and heat generation.\r\n3. Sealing: To seal the moving elements to avoid leakage.\r\n4. Cooling: To carry away the heat generated in the system and to dissipate the heat through a reservoir or a heat exchanger.\r\n5. Contaminant removal: To carry along the contaminations to the tank, where they can be removed through filters.\r\n\r\nFor a fluid to perform efficiently, it must possess certain properties. The various properties required for an ideal hydraulic fluid are as follows:\r\n1. Ideal viscosity.\r\n2. Good lubrication capability.\r\n3. Demulsibility.\r\n4. Good chemical and environmental stability.\r\n5. Incompressibility.\r\n6. Fire resistance.\r\n7. Low flammability.\r\n8. Foam resistance.\r\n9. Low volatility.\r\n10. Good heat dissipation.\r\n11. Low density.\r\n12. System compatibility.\r\n\r\nIt is almost impossible to achieve all these properties in a hydraulic fluid. Although we can select a good fluid with desirable properties, some of the characteristics of a fluid change with usage. For example, it is common for the temperature of a fluid to rise due to friction in the system, which reduces the viscosity of the fluid, which in turn increases leakage and reduces lubrication ability. A fluid gets oxidized and becomes acidic with usage. Certain additives are added to preserve the desirable properties and to make the fluid more stable.\u00a0\r\n\r\nSpecification of Oil as Per ISO\r\nStandardization of hydraulic oils has been done by the International Organization for Standardization. Table\u00a0 lists ISO VG for engine oils and Table lists ISO VG for industrial oil. Indian Oil Corporation markets oil as per ISO designation.\r\n\r\n specification of oil\r\n\r\n industrial oil specification\r\n\r\nOther Properties Of Oil\r\n\r\nLow Flammability\r\n\r\nA fire-resistant fluid is one that can get ignited in the presence of an ignition source but does\u00a0 not support combustion when the source is removed. This characteristic is defined as flammability. It refers to the ease with which a fluid gets ignited and propagates the flame.\r\nHence, it is desirable to have a low flammability for a hydraulic fluid.\r\n\r\nFoam Resistance\r\nAir can be present in a hydraulic fluid in two forms: dissolved and entrained. For example, if the return line to the reservoir is not submerged, the jet of oil entering the liquid surface will carry air with it. This causes air bubbles to form in the oil. If these bubbles rise to the surface too slowly, they will be drawn into the pump intake. This can cause pump damage due to cavitation. Another adverse effect of entrained and dissolve air is a great reduction in the bulk modulus of the hydraulic fluid.\r\n\r\n\u00a0Low Volatility\r\n\r\nA fluid should possess low vapor pressure or high boiling point. The vapor pressure of a fluid varies with temperature and hence the operating temperature range of the system is important in determining the stability of the fluid.\r\n\r\nGood Heat Dissipation\r\n\r\nA hydraulic fluid should have a high heat dissipation capability. The temperature of a fluid shoots up if its heat dissipation characteristics are poor. Too high fluid temperature can cause a system to malfunction. \r\n\r\nIf the fluid overheats, it may cause the following:\r\n1. Give off vapor and cause cavitation of the pump.\r\n2. Increase the rate of oxidation causing its rapid deterioration by producing sledges, varnishes, etc., thus shortening its useful life.\r\n3. Reduce viscosity of the fluid resulting in increased leakage, both internal and external.\r\n4. Cause thermal distortion in components.\r\n5. Damage seals and packaging owing to embrittlement.\r\nHydraulic systems should be designed so that a heat balance occurs at a satisfactory operating temperature.\r\n\r\nLow Density\r\n\r\nThe relative density of a mineral oil is 0.9 (the exact value depends on the base oil and the additive used). Synthetic fluids can have a relative density greater than 1. The relative density is important when designing the layout of pumps and reservoir","headline":"Functions of Hydraulic Fluids | Specification of Oil","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-03-18","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 20, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/specification-of-oil-300x258.jpg","height":258,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal no-thumb"><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/difference-between-power-system-mechanical-hydraulic-electrical-pneumatic/">Difference Between Power System | Mechanical , Hydraulic , Electrical , Pneumatic</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Difference Between Power System | Mechanical , Hydraulic , Electrical , Pneumatic
There are three basic methods of transmitting power: electrical, mechanical and fluid power. Most applications...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/difference-between-power-system-mechanical-hydraulic-electrical-pneumatic/" aria-label="View Post: Difference Between Power System | Mechanical , Hydraulic , Electrical , Pneumatic">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Difference Between Power System | Mechanical , Hydraulic , Electrical , Pneumatic","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/difference-between-power-system-mechanical-hydraulic-electrical-pneumatic\/","articleBody":"Difference Between Power System | Mechanical , Hydraulic , Electrical , Pneumatic\r\nThere are three basic methods of transmitting power: electrical, mechanical and fluid power. Most applications actually use a combination of the three methods to obtain the most efficient overall system. To properly determine which method to use, it is important to know the salient features of each type. For example, fluid systems can transmit power more economically over greater distances than mechanical types. However, fluid systems are restricted to shorter distances compared to electrical systems. Table\r\n\r\nMechanical Power System :\u00a0\r\n\r\nMechanical power transmission refers to products used in systems with moving parts as opposed to systems powered electrically. These products include shaft couplings, chains and sprockets, belts and sheaves, and drive components.\r\n\r\nBelts, such as v-belts and synchronous drive belts, are used in a variety of applications and work in conjunction with pulleys and sheaves. These products reduce slippage and are commonly used in manufacturing, HVAC, and agricultural industries. Shaft couplings join two shafts together and are available in two main types: flexible shaft couplings and rigid shaft couplings. Drive components include clutches, breaks, gears, and variable speed motor drives.\r\nElectric power system\r\nAn electric power system is a network of electrical components deployed to supply, transfer, and use electric power. An example of an electric power system is the grid that provides power to an extended area. An electrical grid power system can be broadly divided into the generators that supply the power, the transmission system that carries the power from the generating centres to the load centres, and the distribution system that feeds the power to nearby homes and industries. Smaller power systems are also found in industry, hospitals, commercial buildings and homes. The majority of these systems rely upon three-phase AC power\u2014the standard for large-scale power transmission and distribution across the modern world. Specialised power systems that do not always rely upon three-phase AC power are found in aircraft, electric rail systems, ocean liners and automobiles.\r\n\r\nHydraulic and Pneumatic Power system :\u00a0\r\n\r\nPneumatic technology deals with the study of behavior and applications of compressed air in our daily life in general and manufacturing automation in particular. Pneumatic systems use air as the medium which is abundantly available and can be exhausted into the atmosphere after completion of the assigned task.\r\n\r\nHydraulic System:\r\n\r\nThe controlled movement of parts or a controlled application of force is a common requirement in the industries. These operations are performed mainly by using electrical machines or diesel, petrol and steam engines as a prime movers. These prime movers can provide various movements to the objects by using some mechanical attachments like screw jack, lever, rack and pinions etc. However, these are not the only prime movers. The enclosed fluids (liquids and gases) can also be used as prime movers to provide controlled motion and force to the objects or substances. The specially designed enclosed fluid systems can provide both linear as well as rotary motion. The high magnitude controlled force can also be applied by using these systems. This kind of enclosed fluid based systems using pressurized incompressible liquids as transmission media are called as hydraulic systems. The hydraulic system works on the principle of Pascal\u2019s law which says that the pressure in an enclosed fluid is uniform in all the directions.\r\n\r\n POWER STEERING\u00a0\r\n\r\nComparison of different power systems\r\n\r\n\n\n\n\n\tProperty Mechanical ElectricalPneumaticHydraulic\n\n\n\n\n\tInput energy\nsource\nI C engines\nElectric motorI C engines\nWater\/gas turbinesI C engines\nPressure tankI C engines\nElectric motor\nAir turbine\n\n\n\tEnergy transfer\nelementLevers, gears,\nshafts\nElectrical cables\nand magnetic fieldPipes and hosesPipes and hoses\n\n\n\tEnergy carrierRigid and elastic\nobjectsFlow of\nelectronsAirHydraulic\nliquids\n\n\n\tPower-to-weight\nratioPoorFair Best Best \n\n\n\tTorque\/inertiaPoorFairGood Best\n\n\n\tStiffnessGoodPoorFairBest\n\n\n\tResponse speedFairBestFairGood\n\n\n\tDirt sensitivityBest Best FairFair\n\n\n\tRelative costBestBestGoodFair\n\n\n\tControlFairBestGoodGood\n\n\n\tMotion type Mainly rotaryMainly rotaryLinear or rotaryLinear or rotary","headline":"Difference Between Power System | Mechanical , Hydraulic , Electrical , Pneumatic","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-03-18","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 20, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"","height":0,"width":0},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <nav class="pagination-wrapper" aria-label="article pagination"> <a class="prev page-numbers" href="?page_num=102">&laquo; PREV</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=1"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>1</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">&hellip;</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=101"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>101</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=102"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>102</a> <span aria-current="page" class="page-numbers current"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>103</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=104"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>104</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=105"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>105</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">&hellip;</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=338"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>338</a> <a class="next page-numbers" href="?page_num=104">NEXT &raquo;</a></nav></section></main><aside id="secondary" class="widget-area"><div class="about-wrapper"><h2 class="widget-title" style="background: #d693c6; color: #ff392e">About Us</h2><div class="about-image" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Sachin-Thorat-300x300-min.png')"></div><p class="about-copy">LearnMech.Com is a Mechanical Project-oriented platform run by Sachin Thorat who is a B-Tech Graduate in Mechanical Engineering. 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