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Modeling and Material Optimization of Engine Piston for 150cc Motor Cycle</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Design, Modeling and Material Optimization of Engine Piston for 150cc Motor Cycle
ABSTRACT:
 The piston is a "heart" of the engine and its working condition is the worst and one of the key parts of...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/design-modeling-and-material-optimization-of-engine-piston-for-150cc-motor-cycle/" aria-label="View Post: Design, Modeling and Material Optimization of Engine Piston for 150cc Motor Cycle">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Design, Modeling and Material Optimization of Engine Piston for 150cc Motor Cycle","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/design-modeling-and-material-optimization-of-engine-piston-for-150cc-motor-cycle\/","articleBody":"Design, Modeling and Material Optimization of Engine Piston for 150cc Motor Cycle\r\nABSTRACT:\r\n The piston is a \"heart\" of the engine and its working condition is the worst and one of the key parts of the engine in the working environment. Its design should be structurally and thermally sustainable. This paper shows the design calculations and modeling of the piston by NX UNIGRAPHICS software to gain a result, which improves and optimizes the structure of the piston. Piston is made of cast aluminum because of its high heat transfer rate. One important thing to take care while using it (cast aluminum) is, because it expands appreciably on heating so right amount of clearance needs to be provided or else it will lead the engine to seize. For eliminating above problem in this project I am going to replace cast aluminum LM25with Aluminum Alloy 6082-T651. This material has high strength and Elongation. The aim of project is to design a piston for 150cc engine using Design calculations. Creating 3D model by using parameters obtained in calculation and 2D model of piston. For 3D and 2D modeling, used CAD software is UNIGRAPHICS NX9.\r\n\r\nINTRODUCTION\r\nA piston is a component of reciprocating engines, reciprocating pumps, gas compressors and pneumatic cylinders, among other similar mechanisms. It is the moving component that is contained by a cylinder and is made gas-tight by piston rings. In an engine, its purpose is to transfer\u00a0force from expanding gas in the cylinder to the crankshaft via a piston rod and\/or connecting rod. In a pump, the function is reversed and force is transferred from the crankshaft to the piston for the purpose of compressing or ejecting the fluid in the cylinder. In some engines, the piston also acts as a valve by covering and uncovering ports in the cylinder wall. The piston of an internal combustion engine is acted upon by the pressure of the expanding combustion gases in the combustion chamber space at the top of the cylinder. This force then acts downwards through the connecting rod and onto the crankshaft. The connecting rod is attached to the piston by a swiveling gudgeon pin (US: wrist pin). This pin is mounted within the piston: unlike the steam engine, there is no piston rod or crosshead. The pin itself is of hardened steel and is fixed in the piston, but free to move in the connecting rod. A few designs use a 'fully floating' design that is loose in both components. All pins must be prevented from moving sideways and the ends of the pin digging into the cylinder wall, usually by circlips. Gas sealing is achieved by the use of piston rings. These are a number of narrow iron rings, fitted loosely into grooves in the piston, just below the crown. The rings are split at a point in the rim, allowing them to press against the cylinder with a light spring pressure. Two types of ring are used: the upper rings have solid faces and provide gas sealing; lower rings have narrow edges and a U-shaped profile, to act as oil scrapers. There are many proprietary and\u00a0detail design features associated with piston rings.\r\n\r\nPistons are cast from aluminum alloys. For better strength and fatigue life, some racing pistons may be forged instead. Early pistons were of cast iron, but there were obvious benefits for engine balancing if a lighter alloy could be used. To produce pistons that could survive engine combustion temperatures, it was necessary to develop new alloys such as Y alloy and Hiduminium, specifically for use as pistons. A few early gas engines had double-acting cylinders, but otherwise effectively all internal combustion engine pistons are single-acting. During World War II, the US submarine Pompano was fitted with a prototype of the infamously unreliable H.O.R. double-acting two-stroke diesel engine. Although compact, for use in a cramped submarine, this design of engine was not repeated.\r\n\r\n piston analysis\r\n\r\nAnalysis of piston\r\n\r\nSequence of steps:\r\n1. Importing the piston model from UNIGRAPHICS NX9.\r\n2. Defining the Thermal Environment.\r\n3. Defining the Structural Environment.\r\n\r\n4. Solution phase-assigning loads and solving.\r\n5. Post processing and viewing the results.\r\n\r\nReference \/ Download :\r\n\r\n\u00a0Design, Modeling and Material Optimization of Engine Piston for 150cc Motor Cycle","headline":"Design, Modeling and Material Optimization of Engine Piston for 150cc Motor Cycle","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-11-20","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 22, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/piston-analysis-206x300.jpg","height":300,"width":206},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/fabrication-of-two-engine-synchronization-for-four-wheeler/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/two-engine-sychronization-300x176.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Fabrication of Two Engine Synchronization for Four Wheeler</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/fabrication-of-two-engine-synchronization-for-four-wheeler/">Fabrication of Two Engine Synchronization for Four Wheeler</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Fabrication of Two Engine Synchronization for Four Wheeler
SYNOPSIS  This project deals with the fabrication of Two Engine Synchronization. The aim of this project work is to acquire practical...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/fabrication-of-two-engine-synchronization-for-four-wheeler/" aria-label="View Post: Fabrication of Two Engine Synchronization for Four Wheeler">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Fabrication of Two Engine Synchronization for Four Wheeler","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/fabrication-of-two-engine-synchronization-for-four-wheeler\/","articleBody":"Fabrication of Two Engine Synchronization for Four Wheeler\r\nSYNOPSIS\r\n\r\nThis project deals with the fabrication of Two Engine Synchronization. The aim of this project work is to acquire practical knowledge in the field of two engine synchronization with the help of differentional unit. The project work is concerned with the fabrication of the two wheeler engine.\r\nThe additional load (Extra torque) of the vehicle is shared by the two engine is called synchronization. The vehicle is moving from ground level to upper level (i.e. Mountains, kills etc), the single engine torque is not enough to drive the vehicle in safe mode. So the additional engine (synchronization) is needed to overcome this type of problem. This project is very useful for transporting heavy loads with the help of synchronized vehicle.\r\n\r\nINTRODUCTION\r\n\r\nThere are two engines are used, one is main engine and another one is additional engine. The two wheeler engine is synchronized by the differentional unit. The vehicle operates in two modes,\r\n\r\n \tMain Engine only \u2013 Medium load Condition\r\n \tTwo engine in synchronized mode. \u2013Heavy load condition\r\n\r\nIn medium load condition, the vehicle is operated in mail engine only. The heavy load condition, the additional engines also started and synchronize to the main engine.\r\n\r\ntwo engine sychronization\r\n\r\nNEED FOR SYNCHRONIZATION :-\r\n\r\n \tTo overcome the additional load of vehicle\r\n \tTo increase the torque\r\n \tTo increase the vehicle horse power\r\n \tTo increase the speed of the vehicle\r\n \tTo increase the engine efficiency\r\n\r\nADVANTAGES\r\n\r\n \tEngines can be sized to accommodate average load, not peak load, which reduces the engine\u2019s weight.\r\n \tSpecial lightweight materials are used to reduce the overall vehicle weight of car.\r\n \tThe synchronized car available for sale are very cost competitive with similar conventional vehicles.\r\n \tAuto manufactures are making this car with comparable performance, safety, and cost because they know that these three elements are most important to consumers.\r\n \tThis is able to operate more efficiently than conventional vehicle.\r\n\r\nAPPLICATIONS\r\n\r\n \tAll Four wheeler application\r\n\r\nDISADVANTAGES\r\n\r\n \tHigh Initial cost.\r\n \tAdditional fuel is required\r\n \tTwo engines are required.","headline":"Fabrication of Two Engine Synchronization for Four Wheeler","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-11-19","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 22, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/two-engine-sychronization-300x176.jpg","height":176,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/design-and-fabrication-of-hybrid-half-bike-mechanical-project/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/hybrid-half-bike-300x163.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Design and Fabrication of Hybrid Half Bike | Mechanical Project</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/design-and-fabrication-of-hybrid-half-bike-mechanical-project/">Design and Fabrication of Hybrid Half Bike | Mechanical Project</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Design and Fabrication of Hybrid Half Bike | Mechanical Project
ABSTRACT: 
In technological world the vehicle plays an important role but it’s also has its own faults such as creating pollution...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/design-and-fabrication-of-hybrid-half-bike-mechanical-project/" aria-label="View Post: Design and Fabrication of Hybrid Half Bike | Mechanical Project">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Design and Fabrication of Hybrid Half Bike | Mechanical Project","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/design-and-fabrication-of-hybrid-half-bike-mechanical-project\/","articleBody":"Design and Fabrication of Hybrid Half Bike | Mechanical Project\r\nABSTRACT: \r\nIn technological world the vehicle plays an important role but it\u2019s also has its own faults such as creating pollution and emission. In order to overcome these problems we have to use alternate vehicles. There are several available sources and one of the solutions is Hybrid half bike. The word Hybrid means two or more amount of energy sources. In this project mechanical and electrical energy is used and also it is a hybrid of segway and half bike. In this type of bikes, frames are fabricated by complicated design and it is user friendly. The important specification of the bike is that by folding the bike it can be easily carried to any place and it is affordable for common man. Less number of linkages is used to fold the bike. This paper aims at evaluating the entire existing foldable half bike and proposing a compact foldable hybrid half bike by using three bar mechanism. It is fabricated with MS Plate to reduce the total weight of the bike. The fabricated bike can be considered as the hand luggage and proposed hybrid half bike is designed in such a way that it is foldable by providing fasteners at the joints. The design structure imparts stable hybrid half bike geometry. The vehicle is controlled by body balance.\r\nINTRODUCTION\r\nA folding bicycle is a bicycle designed to fold into a compact form, facilitating transport and storage. When folded, the bikes can be more easily carried into buildings, on public transportation (facilitating mixed-mode commuting and bicycle commuting), and more easily stored in compact living quarters or aboard a car, boat or plane.\r\nFolding mechanisms vary, with each offering a distinct combination of folding speed, folding ease, compactness, ride, weight, durability, and price. Distinguished by the complexities of their folding mechanism, more demanding structural requirements, greater number of parts, and more specialized market appeal, folding bikes may be more expensive than comparable non-folding models. The choice of model, apart from cost considerations, is a matter of resolving the various practical requirements: a quick easy fold, a compact folded size, or a faster but less compact model. There are also bicycles that provide similar advantages by separating into pieces rather than folding.\r\nPROBLEM DESCRIPTION\r\nIn civilized world nowadays we can\u2019t see a road without any bikes but in turn, people are forgetting that it causes pollution and emissions which affects ozone layer and causes several unwanted effects on both living and non- living organisms. Increase in number of vehicles also produces traffic jam and also occupies a huge chunk of space in roads which reduces the size of road that leads to more no of accident which is fatal sometime. The vehicle nowadays has weight which is considerably increased from its predecessor it\u2019s also reduces its portability and it becomes difficult for aged people to drive and park vehicle. There is hike in fossil fuel prices often, which affects middle class people. They\r\nneed alternate source of power which comes in a very low price that runs in electricity or battery. Since ordinary vehicles occupy more space they cannot be parked inside the residence or office which makes prone them to weather conditions and leads to high maintenance cost. One of the other problems faced by vehicle lovers is that they park the vehicle outside the residence which doesn\u2019t give vehicle safety.\r\n\r\nPROBLEM SOLVING\r\n\r\nFoldable half bike with reduced weight when compared to other vehicles which increase its portability that can be taken from one place to other place easily without fatigue. By using simple mechanism like three and four bar mechanism the folding methods can be simplified very easily reducing the complication in front of the others. Since these type of vehicles occupy less space it can be taken easily in to residence and office parking area and can be carried even in to the buses and trains which reduces the chance of theft. These vehicles have only minimum chance to expose to harsh weather conditions. Foldable half bike which runs on battery takes only few minutes for charging and it is capable of holding charge for prolong time.\r\n\r\nDESIGN\r\n\r\nDetailed Design of Hybrid Half Bike Parts:\r\n\r\n \tSteering Column\r\n \tMain frame\r\n \tMotorized hub wheel\r\n \tChain Sprocket\r\n \tRear wheels\r\n\r\n hybrid half bike\r\n\r\nRESULT AND CONCLUSION\r\nWhen compared to other foldable half bikes, the hybrid half bike gives good results. The vehicle was designed using four bar mechanism. In case when the battery power discharged completely it can be used like bicycle with the provision of pedal. The vehicle was designed using mild steel plate if any part is damaged means, it could be replaced easily. The hybrid half bike didn\u2019t produce any emission and it reduces the pollution in earth atmosphere. With the use of electrical and mechanical drive we can reduce the use of fossil fuel that is depleting rapidly. The vehicle requires less maintenance. In future by adding solar panel the battery can be charged with the help of solar energy. The design of the foldable bicycle was based on the standard data available. The fabrication was done using locally available materials. Compared to the foldable bicycles existing in the market, our bicycle is economical and occupies less space. The weight of our bicycle is with par with light weight bicycles available in the market. Though the bicycle is foldable, sleek and having small wheels, complete justice is done to the ergonomics of the rider hence making it comfortable.","headline":"Design and Fabrication of Hybrid Half Bike | Mechanical Project","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-11-17","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 22, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/hybrid-half-bike-300x163.jpg","height":163,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/handwritten-gate-ies-psu-notes-for-mechanical-engineering-by-kame-acadamy/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/free-gate-ies-psu-notes-for-mechanical-300x113.png')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Handwritten GATE-IES-PSU Notes For Mechanical Engineering by KAME Acadamy</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/handwritten-gate-ies-psu-notes-for-mechanical-engineering-by-kame-acadamy/">Handwritten GATE-IES-PSU Notes For Mechanical Engineering by KAME Acadamy</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Handwritten GATE-IES-PSU Notes For Mechanical Engineering by KAME Acadamy
Free GATE/IES/PSU Notes – Many candidates who are preparing for GATE / IES / PSUs and other National &amp; State level...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/handwritten-gate-ies-psu-notes-for-mechanical-engineering-by-kame-acadamy/" aria-label="View Post: Handwritten GATE-IES-PSU Notes For Mechanical Engineering by KAME Acadamy">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Handwritten GATE-IES-PSU Notes For Mechanical Engineering by KAME Acadamy","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/handwritten-gate-ies-psu-notes-for-mechanical-engineering-by-kame-acadamy\/","articleBody":"Handwritten GATE-IES-PSU Notes For Mechanical Engineering by KAME Acadamy\r\nFree GATE\/IES\/PSU Notes \u2013 Many candidates who are preparing for GATE \/ IES \/ PSUs and other National &amp; State level examination\r\nhave requested us to provide study material for preparation. So here we are posting some study material of various subjects in the hope\r\nthis study material will help GATE \/ IES \/ PSUs aspirants. Please find study material of the subject related to your stream in the below\r\ntable. We are in the process of increasing the number of subjects and more study material. We are trying our level best to help you all. \r\n\r\nFor preparing notes you can refer standard text books if you are preparing by self study , then make a note of syllabus of GATE\/ ESE (or both )whichever exam you are focussing on ,and then start reading from standard text books and then start noting the important points . If you are not comfortable in this then you can join a coaching class , so that your notes gets prepared in class itself .\u00a0\r\n\r\nfree gate ies psu notes for mechanical\r\n\r\nGATE examination requires your conceptual knowledge and application of the concepts. No doubt made easy notes are very good, but the condition is you must be the class room student.When the teacher is explaining you some topic and you had noted down some imp. concept then while revising them that image will come into your mind and also you will never forget the concept.\r\nSo, try to make your own notes otherwise it will take a lot of time if you directly study from these notes.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nSc. no .\r\nSUBJECT\u00a0NAME\u00a0\u00a0\r\nFile Size\r\nDownload\r\n\r\n\r\n1.\r\nSOM Column\r\n3.53 Mb\r\nClick here to Download\r\n\r\n\r\n2.\r\nSOM Bending Stress in beams\r\n4.06 Mb\r\nClick here to Download\r\n\r\n\r\n3.\r\nTheory of Machine I Mechanism\r\n15.9 MB\r\nClick here to Download\r\n\r\n\r\n4.\r\nThermodynamics I Entropy\r\n20 MB\r\nClick here to Download\r\n\r\n\r\n5.\r\nThermodynamics I Unsteady Flow\r\n6.7 MB\r\nClick here to Download\r\n\r\n\r\n6.\r\nInternal Combustion Engine\r\n6.4 MB\r\nClick here to Download\r\n\r\n\r\n7.\r\nRAC I Air Conditioning &amp; Psychrometry\r\n9.7 MB\r\nClick here to Download\r\n\r\n\r\n8.\r\nPower Plant I Compressors &amp; Cavitation\r\n8 MB\r\nClick here to Download\r\n\r\n\r\n9.\r\nPower Plant I Rankine Cycle\r\n5 MB\r\nClick here to Download\r\n\r\n\r\n10.\r\nHeat Transfer I Unsteady State\r\n8 MB\r\nClick here to Download\r\n\r\n\r\n11.\r\nHeat Transfer I Fins\r\n14 MB\r\nClick here to Download\r\n\r\n\r\n12.\r\nFM I Boundary Layer Theory\r\n4.5 MB\r\nClick here to Download\r\n\r\n\r\n13.\r\nFM I Fluid Kinematices\r\n7.2 MB\r\nClick here to Download\r\n\r\n\r\n14.\r\nMachine Design I Bearing\r\n5.5 MB\r\nClick here to Download\r\n\r\n\r\n15.\r\nMachine Design I Design for Dynamic Loading &amp; Welded Joints\r\n9.7 MB\r\nClick here to Download\r\n\r\n\r\n16.\r\nMaterial Science\r\n29 MB\r\nClick here to Download\r\n\r\n\r\n17.\r\nProduction I Interferometry &amp; Sheet Metal Operation\r\n11.9 MB\r\nClick here to Download\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","headline":"Handwritten GATE-IES-PSU Notes For Mechanical Engineering by KAME Acadamy","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-11-16","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 22, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/free-gate-ies-psu-notes-for-mechanical-300x113.png","height":113,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/what-is-die-cutting-application-of-die-cutting/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/die-cutting-300x232.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to What is Die Cutting | Application of Die Cutting</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/what-is-die-cutting-application-of-die-cutting/">What is Die Cutting | Application of Die Cutting</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>What is Die Cutting | Application of Die Cutting
What is Die Cutting 
Die cutting is the general process of using a die to shear webs of low-strength materials, such as rubber, fiber, foil, cloth,...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/what-is-die-cutting-application-of-die-cutting/" aria-label="View Post: What is Die Cutting | Application of Die Cutting">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"What is Die Cutting | Application of Die Cutting","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/what-is-die-cutting-application-of-die-cutting\/","articleBody":"What is Die Cutting | Application of Die Cutting\r\nWhat is Die Cutting \r\nDie cutting is the general process of using a die to shear webs of low-strength materials, such as rubber, fiber, foil, cloth, paper, corrugated fiberboard, paperboard, plastics, pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes, foam and sheet metal. In the metalworking and leather industries, the process is known as clicking and the machine may be referred to as a clicking machine.When a dinking die or dinking machine is used, the process is known as dinking. Commonly produced items using this process include gaskets, labels, corrugated boxes, and envelopes.\r\n\r\nDie cutting started as a process of cutting leather for the shoe industry in the mid-19th century. It is now sophisticated enough to cut through just one layer of a laminate, so it is now used on labels, stamps, and other stickers; this type of die cutting is known as kiss cutting.\r\n\r\nDie cutting can be done on either flatbed or rotary presses. Rotary die cutting is often done inline with printing. The primary difference between rotary die cutting and flatbed die cutting is that the flatbed is not as fast but the tools are cheaper. This process lends itself to smaller production runs where it is not as easy to absorb the added cost of a rotary die.\r\n\r\ndie cutting\r\n\r\nDie Cutting Machine Operations\r\nSome die cutting machines can do more than just cut. Here are a few capabilities that die machines can do depending on the type of machine:\r\n\r\n \tCut Cutting - is a standard feature on most machines. Some machines can cut shapes as small as a quarter of an inch.\r\n \tCut-by-color - Some digital die cutting machines can trace colors and cut around them.\r\n \tDraw - On some digital die cutting machines, the blade can be replaced with a type of marker to draw instead of cut.\r\n \tPierce - Piercing involves making holes in the material.\r\n \tEngrave - Engraving involves carving or cutting designs on a hard surface.\r\n \tEmboss - Embossing is a standard feature on manual die cutting machines. It involves creating raised designs on a surface, giving the design a \u201cpop-out\u201d effect.\r\n\r\nDie Cutting Machine Applications\r\nOne can make a variety of items with a die cutting machine. Here are a few ideas:\r\n\r\n \tScrapbook designs\r\n \tStencils\r\n \tMagnets\r\n \tStickers and decals\r\n \tHomemade cards\r\n \tFabric cutouts\r\n \tFun foam designs\r\n\r\nRotary die cutting\r\nRotary die cutting is die cutting using a cylindrical die on a rotary press. A long sheet or web of material will be fed through the press into an area known as a \"station\" which holds a rotary tool that will cut out shapes, make perforations or creases, or even cut the sheet or web into smaller parts. A series of gears will force the die to rotate at the same speed as the rest of the press, ensuring that any cuts the die makes line up with the printing on the material. The machines used for this process can incorporate multiple \"stations\" that die cut a particular shape in the material. In each of these stations lie one or more of these geared tools or printing cylinders, and some machines use automatic eye registration to make sure the cuts and \/ or printing are lined up with one another when higher tolerances are required.\r\n\r\nDies used in rotary die cutting are either solid engraved dies, adjustable dies, or magnetic plate tooling. Engraved dies have a much higher tolerance and are machined out of a solid steel bar normally made out of tool steel. Adjustable dies have removable blades that can be easily replaced with other blades, either due to wear or to cut a different material, while magnetic plate tooling has a cylinder that has magnets placed in it, and an engraved metal plate is attached or wrapped around the base cylinder holding onto it by the force of the magnets.","headline":"What is Die Cutting | Application of Die Cutting","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-11-15","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 22, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/die-cutting-300x232.jpg","height":232,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/accelerometer-working-advantages-and-applications/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/accelerometer-300x208.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Accelerometer | Working , Advantages and Applications</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/accelerometer-working-advantages-and-applications/">Accelerometer | Working , Advantages and Applications</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Accelerometers | Working , Advantages and Applications
What is an accelerometer?
An accelerometer is an electromechanical device that will measure acceleration forces. These forces may be static,...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/accelerometer-working-advantages-and-applications/" aria-label="View Post: Accelerometer | Working , Advantages and Applications">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Accelerometer | Working , Advantages and Applications","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/accelerometer-working-advantages-and-applications\/","articleBody":"Accelerometers | Working , Advantages and Applications\r\nWhat is an accelerometer?\r\nAn accelerometer is an electromechanical device that will measure acceleration forces. These forces may be static, like the constant force of gravity pulling at your feet, or they could be dynamic - caused by moving or vibrating the accelerometer.\r\n\r\nWhat are accelerometers useful for?\r\nBy measuring the amount of static acceleration due to gravity, you can find out the angle the device is tilted at with respect to the earth. By sensing the amount of dynamic acceleration, you can analyze the way the device is moving. At first, measuring tilt and acceleration doesn't seem all that exciting. However, engineers have come up with many ways to make really useful products with them.\r\n\r\nAn accelerometer can help your project understand its surroundings better. Is it driving uphill? Is it going to fall over when it takes another step? Is it flying horizontally or is it dive bombing your professor? A good programmer can write code to answer all of these questions using the data provided by an accelerometer. An accelerometer can help analyze problems in a car engine using vibration testing, or you could even use one to make a musical instrument.\r\n\r\nIn the computing world, IBM and Apple have recently started using accelerometers in their laptops to protect hard drives from damage. If you accidentally drop the laptop, the accelerometer detects the sudden freefall, and switches the hard drive off so the heads don't crash on the platters. In a similar fashion, high g accelerometers are the industry standard way of detecting car crashes and deploying airbags at just the right time.\r\n\r\nWHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF ACCELEROMETER ?\r\n\r\nThere are many different type of accelerometers and each has unique characteristics, advantages and disadvantages. The different types include:\r\n\r\nDifferent technologies\r\n\r\n \tPiezo-electric accelerometers\r\n \tPiezo-resistive accelerometers\r\n \tStrain gage based accelerometers\r\n\r\nDifferent output accelerometers\r\n\r\n \tCharge output\r\n \tVoltage output (3 wire)\r\n \t4-20mA output\r\n \tVelocity output accelerometers\r\n\r\nDifferent designs of accelerometer\r\n\r\n \tShear type design\r\n \tSingle ended compression design\r\n \tIsolated compression\r\n \tInverted compression\r\n \tFlexural design\r\n\r\nHow do accelerometers work?\r\nThere are many different ways to make an accelerometer! Some accelerometers use the piezoelectric effect - they contain microscopic crystal structures that get stressed by accelerative forces, which causes a voltage to be generated. Another way to do it is by sensing changes in capacitance. If you have two microstructures next to each other, they have a certain capacitance between them. If an accelerative force moves one of the structures, then the capacitance will change. Add some circuitry to convert from capacitance to voltage, and you will get an accelerometer. There are even more methods, including use of the piezoresistive effect, hot air bubbles, and light.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nAdvantages:\r\n\r\n \tAvailable in numerous designs (such as compression, shear, and strain gage), sizes, weights, and mounting arrangements (such as center, stud, screw mounted, and glue-on). Ease of installation is also an advantage.\r\n \tAccelerometers are available for high-temperature environments\r\n(up to 1,200\u201dF).\r\n \tWide band frequency and amplitude response.\r\n \tAccelerrnneters are available for high frequency and low Durable, robust construction and long-term reliability. frequency (down to DC) measuring capabilities.\r\n\r\nDisadvantages:\r\n\r\n \tRequire contact with (mounting upon) the object being measured. Therefore, the mass of the accelerometer must be small relative to this object (generally should be less than 5% of mass of vibrating component being measured).\r\n \tSensitive to mounting (must be mounted securely).\r\n \tSensitive to cable noise and \u201cwhip\u201d (change in cable capacitance caused by dynamic bending of the cable).\r\n \tResults are not particularly reliable when displacement is calculated by double integrating (electronically) the acceleration signal.\r\n\r\nAPPLICATIONS OF ACCELEROMETERS\r\nAccelerometers are one of those sensors which find numerous applications in academia as well as in large number of industries. These applications range from airbag sensor in automotive applications to monitoring vibrations on a bridge and in many military and space systems. There are a number of practical applications for accelerometers; accelerometers are used to measure static acceleration (gravity), tilt of an object, dynamic acceleration, shock to an object, velocity, and the vibration of an object. Accelerometers are being used nowadays in mobile phones, laptops, washing machines, etc","headline":"Accelerometer | Working , Advantages and Applications","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-11-15","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 22, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/accelerometer-300x208.jpg","height":208,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <nav class="pagination-wrapper" aria-label="article pagination"> <a class="prev page-numbers" href="?page_num=148">&laquo; PREV</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=1"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>1</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">&hellip;</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=147"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>147</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=148"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>148</a> <span aria-current="page" class="page-numbers current"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>149</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=150"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>150</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=151"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>151</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">&hellip;</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=338"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>338</a> <a class="next page-numbers" href="?page_num=150">NEXT &raquo;</a></nav></section></main><aside id="secondary" class="widget-area"><div class="about-wrapper"><h2 class="widget-title" style="background: #d693c6; color: #ff392e">About Us</h2><div class="about-image" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Sachin-Thorat-300x300-min.png')"></div><p class="about-copy">LearnMech.Com is a Mechanical Project-oriented platform run by Sachin Thorat who is a B-Tech Graduate in Mechanical Engineering. 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