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Explanation</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Quiz 4 Theory Of Machine Objective questions With Explanation
Theory of Machine is very important topic for GATE , IES Examination . This quiz is about Theory of Machine , Mechanism, Velocity and...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/quiz-4-theory-of-machine-objective-questions-with-explanation/" aria-label="View Post: Quiz 4 Theory Of Machine Objective questions With Explanation">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Quiz 4 Theory Of Machine Objective questions With Explanation","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/quiz-4-theory-of-machine-objective-questions-with-explanation\/","articleBody":"Quiz 4 Theory Of Machine Objective questions With Explanation\r\nTheory of Machine is very important topic for GATE , IES Examination . This quiz is about Theory of Machine , Mechanism, Velocity and acceleration , Mechanical Vibration , balancing\u00a0 etc topics related quiz .\r\n\r\nTake this quiz . Best of Luck !\r\n\r\n[wp_quiz id=\"5759\"]\r\n\r\nOther Quiz list :\r\n\r\nQuiz 1- Basic Of Thermodynamics - Online Mechanical Quiz\r\n\r\nQuiz 2 Theory of machine basic Objective Online Quiz\r\n\r\nQuiz 3 Manufacturing Engineering Gate , ies , Objective Quiz with Explanation","headline":"Quiz 4 Theory Of Machine Objective questions With Explanation","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-08-14","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 22, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/precisiongears.jpg","height":250,"width":250},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/what-is-swot-analysis-and-its-importance-for-companies/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/swotanalysis-300x220.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to What is SWOT Analysis and Its Importance For Companies</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/what-is-swot-analysis-and-its-importance-for-companies/">What is SWOT Analysis and Its Importance For Companies</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>What is SWOT Analysis and Its Importance For Companies
What is SWOT Analysis
The abbreviative business term SWOT stands for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats. Conducting a SWOT...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/what-is-swot-analysis-and-its-importance-for-companies/" aria-label="View Post: What is SWOT Analysis and Its Importance For Companies">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"What is SWOT Analysis and Its Importance For Companies","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/what-is-swot-analysis-and-its-importance-for-companies\/","articleBody":"What is SWOT Analysis and Its Importance For Companies\r\nWhat is SWOT Analysis\r\nThe abbreviative business term SWOT stands for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats. Conducting a SWOT analysis enable a company to see where your company is in the marketplace and what strategies a particular company can develop to increase its market share. The top level management and marketer of the company must know SWOT analysis and its importance for the company. SWOT analysis has been around for so many years now and companies started using this tool around 1960s. This model was developed by Albert Humphrey of Stanford University. SWOT analysis alternatively SWOT Matrix is considered one of the most effective and essential tools that almost all organizations use to carefully assess the industry. Organizations also use this tool to come up with some strategies to keep up with the tight competition in the market.\r\n\r\nSWOT analysis determines and evaluates the impact of different internal and external factors forces on a particular business. The internal factors belong to the strengths and weaknesses while the external factors belong to the opportunities and threats. Here in this article I would discuss the each in details.\r\n\r\nStrengths\r\nWhen considering the strengths of a particular company, these refer to the products or services offered by company, the reputation of the company, company\u2019s location, the years of existence or experience and the expertise of the staff working in that particular company. The strengths of the company make it grow and succeed. We can summarize strengths as:\r\n\r\nProduct attributes &amp; features that make your company better than your competitors?\r\n\r\n \tStrong brand name\r\n \tStrong distributional network\r\n \tYour team is full of fighting spirit\r\n \tGood relationship &amp; reputation among the customers\r\n \tExclusive excess to required natural resources\r\n \tStrong R &amp; D engineers\r\n\r\nWeaknesses\r\nThe weaknesses are those things that have to be improved. Weaknesses may include a weak brand name, poor reputation of particular company and more. In simple words weaknesses are the complete opposite of the strengths. Following are the weaknesses of a company:\r\n\r\n \tLack of patent protection\r\n \tPoor reputation among public\r\n \tHigher cost structure\r\n \tLack of distribution channels\r\n \tLack of well educated or well trained staff\r\n\r\n swot analysis\r\nOpportunities\r\nThe external environment analysis may show some opportunities for a company by which company can grow and generate more profit. A change in external environment is a potential opportunity for every company, companies need to understand and evaluate the change and then design product or service according to change. The emerging of new markets and technologies are also creates opportunities for existing companies. Opportunities include:\r\n\r\n \tAn unfulfilled customer need\r\n \tLoosening of regulations\r\n \tEmergence of new technologies\r\n \tRemoval of tariffs or other international trades barriers\r\n\r\nThreats\r\n\r\nThreats are also encounter with companies due to change in external environment. For example new competitors in the market, increasing cost and new regulations are among the things that may be threats for a particular company. \r\n\r\nThe other major threats are:\r\n\r\n \tChanges in trends &amp; consumers taste\r\n \tDifferent substitute products\r\n \tNew regulations &amp; international trade barriers\r\n\r\nPulling it all together, SWOT analysis plays a vital role for companies to know about how satisfy customer's needs and wants? What makes your company weaker than competitors? What are your competitor's weaknesses that you can use for your company advantages? And finally what are new trends and technologies and how to utilize them for your company benefits?","headline":"What is SWOT Analysis and Its Importance For Companies","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-08-12","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 22, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/swotanalysis-300x220.jpg","height":220,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/design-and-fabrication-of-mini-conveyor-using-geneva-mechanism/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/mini-conveyor-using-geneva-Mechanism-mechanical-project-300x184.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Design and Fabrication Of Mini Conveyor using Geneva Mechanism</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/design-and-fabrication-of-mini-conveyor-using-geneva-mechanism/">Design and Fabrication Of Mini Conveyor using Geneva Mechanism</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Design and Fabrication Of Mini Conveyor using Geneva Mechanism - Mechanical Project
ABSTRACT  Geneva mechanism is a system to convert continuous circular motion into fixed step circular motion....</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/design-and-fabrication-of-mini-conveyor-using-geneva-mechanism/" aria-label="View Post: Design and Fabrication Of Mini Conveyor using Geneva Mechanism">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Design and Fabrication Of Mini Conveyor using Geneva Mechanism","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/design-and-fabrication-of-mini-conveyor-using-geneva-mechanism\/","articleBody":"Design and Fabrication Of Mini Conveyor using Geneva Mechanism - Mechanical Project\r\nABSTRACT \r\n\r\nGeneva mechanism is a system to convert continuous circular motion into fixed step circular motion. Fixed step circular motion in other words means a circular motion produced in equal spaces of time and resulting in the same displacement which is a requirement in many automation industries. A conveyer belt is simply a linear belt mostly made up of rubber (of greater stability). It has a basic function of transporting raw material\/ material in process of manufacturing. A simple Geneva mechanism consists of a drive wheel and a driven wheel. The drive wheel is a disk with a pin or a shaft near it\u2019s circumference. The driven wheel consists of several slots. The drive wheel is kept next to the driven wheel in such a way that when the drive wheel is rotated, the pin or shaft fits inside the slot. As it reaches the bottom most point of the slot, the pin exerts a force on the driven wheel. As the driven wheel is pivoted from the centre, there will be a generation of a moment. This causes the generation of a torque which rotates the driven wheel. Hence there is a fixed step circular motion. There are several types of Geneva wheels such as external Geneva , internal Geneva and spherical Geneva rotator. Geneva mechanism is one of the most simple and inexpensive mechanisms. The mechanism used for conveyor belt is an external Geneva mechanism. This mechanism gives out production of jerks or instantaneous change in acceleration. The mechanism has various applications in many industries especially the automation\/automobile industry. Modern day film projectors use a variation of this mechanism to power a motor which is used for fast forwarding. In short the Geneva mechanism converts continuous rotatory motion of the drive wheel to intermittent rotatory motion of the gear. A cheap, convenient and a simple mechanism with a variety of applications.\r\n\r\nRead More :\u00a0Introduction To Geneva Mechanism | Advantages and Disadvantages\r\n\r\nINTRODUCTION \r\n\r\nThe Conveyor Belts are used in Industries to carry heavy objects or material from one place to another place. They are heavily used in all fields. But the conveyor belts require a lot of energy to work. Geneva drive is a gear mechanism that converts a continuous rotation into an intermittent rotatory motion. The rotating drive wheel has a small rod that reaches into a slot of wheel advancing it by one step or round. The drive wheel also has a raised circular disk used for blocking, that is it locks the wheel in position between the steps.\r\nNowadays the conveyor made using Geneva mechanism holds a very important place in factories as the Geneva mechanism has many advantages. It is the simplest and most economical system in all intermittent motion\u00a0mechanisms and thus is of great advantage in current time. They have various sizes and are used in automobile industry, electronic industry, building sites, film projectors, etc. The most important advantage in the conveyor belt using Geneva mechanism is that we can control the speed and direction of the belt by just adjusting the length of the rod attached to the servo motor being used. In this paper, we will discuss about the working, applications and advantages of Geneva mechanism by making a conveyor belt following Geneva mechanism principle.\r\n\r\nmini conveyor using geneva Mechanism mechanical project\r\n\r\nWORKING \r\n\r\nThe Geneva mechanism is a system to convert continuous circular motion into fixed step circular motion. Fixed step circular motion in other words means a circular motion produced in equal spaces of time and resulting in the same displacement.\r\n\r\nSimple Geneva mechanism consists of a drive wheel and a driven wheel. The drive wheel is a disk with a pin or a shaft near it\u2019s circumference. The driven wheel consists of several slots. The drive wheel is nothing but a motor which has a plastic rod with a small rod extruded at its apex. The drive wheel is kept next to the driven wheel in such a way that when the drive wheel is rotated, the extruded rod fits inside the slot. As it reaches the bottom most point of the slot, the rod exerts a force on the driven wheel. As the driven wheel is pivoted from the centre, there will be a generation of a moment. This causes the generation of a torque which rotates the driven wheel. Hence there is a fixed step circular motion. The mechanism used for conveyer belt is an external Geneva mechanism. This mechanism gives out production of jerks or instantaneous change in acceleration. In short the Geneva mechanism converts continuous rotatory motion of the drive wheel to intermittent rotatory motion of the gear.\r\n\r\nEQUATIONS \r\n\r\nLet the power, angular velocity, torque of the motor be P, \u03c9, T respectively.\r\n\r\nHence, torque generated by motor will be: P=T* \u03c9 \u2234 T=P\/ \u03c9\r\n\r\nLet the radius of the driven wheel be\r\n\r\nr. \u2234 displacement of conveyer belt per rotation (say x) of driven will be 2\u03c0r=x\r\n\r\nCONCLUSION \r\n\r\nGeneva mechanism is the simplest and least expensive of all intermittent motion mechanisms. They have a huge variety of sizes, with various applications. They have a better motion curve characteristics compared to ratchets. They are very useful in production, automobile and electronic industries for mass production. Thus, the use of Geneva mechanism in conveyor belt helps in saving excess energy and control the speed of conveyor belt and making the production and handling comfortable.","headline":"Design and Fabrication Of Mini Conveyor using Geneva Mechanism","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-08-12","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 22, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/mini-conveyor-using-geneva-Mechanism-mechanical-project-300x184.jpg","height":184,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/wireless-controlled-pneumatically-operated-wall-climbing-robot/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Wireless-Controlled-Pneumatically-Operated-Wall-Climbing-Robot-Mechanical-Project--300x184.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Wireless Controlled Pneumatically Operated Wall Climbing Robot</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/wireless-controlled-pneumatically-operated-wall-climbing-robot/">Wireless Controlled Pneumatically Operated Wall Climbing Robot</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Wireless Controlled Pneumatically Operated Wall Climbing Robot - Mechanical Project 
How to make wall climbing robot  ABSTRACT
A wall climbing robot is a robot with the capability of climbing in...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/wireless-controlled-pneumatically-operated-wall-climbing-robot/" aria-label="View Post: Wireless Controlled Pneumatically Operated Wall Climbing Robot">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Wireless Controlled Pneumatically Operated Wall Climbing Robot","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wireless-controlled-pneumatically-operated-wall-climbing-robot\/","articleBody":"Wireless Controlled Pneumatically Operated Wall Climbing Robot - Mechanical Project\u00a0\r\nHow to make wall climbing robot\r\n\r\nABSTRACT\r\nA wall climbing robot is a robot with the capability of climbing in vertical as well as horizontal direction with efficient attachment and detachment. The bot is designed to replace the activities carried out along the wall at high heights which would risk the human life. This paper describes the fabrication of a pneumatically operated\r\nwall climbing bot which uses suction cups as a mean of sticking to the wall. Each vacuum generator will operate two suction cups on either vertical or horizontal limb of robot. Linear movements are achieved through double acting pneumatic cylinders. A wireless communication link can be interfaced to the electric circuit of solenoid operated DCV\u2019s making bot operation semi-autonomous and autonomous also. The bot is adaptable to various wall materials such as metal, ceramic, glass, concrete, wood. Currently the robot is designed only for linear movement. Further scope of development in this prototype includes imparting other locomotion capabilities such as turning movements, angular movements shifting bot from one plane to another thus, making it omnidirectional.\r\n\r\nINTRODUCTION\r\nWall climbing bots are special mobile robots that can be used in a variety of application like inspection and maintenance of surfaces of sea vessels, oil tanks, glass slabs of high rise building etc. To increase the operational efficiency and to protect human health and safety in hazardous task make the wall climbing robot a useful device.\r\nRobots have been created to assist or replace humans in various dangerous and difficult tasks. Robots have been used in construction, manufacturing, security etc. This is because they are able to adapt to different environment conditions and situations. They have conquered nearly all environments that humans have put them through. Climbing robots can be used on artificial surfaces like a wall, or on natural surfaces like trees or cave walls. They are desirable for several applications such as search and rescue.\u00a0\r\n\r\nPneumatic adhesion :\r\n\r\n This is the another technique also called as negative pressure adhesion which can be distinguished between three different types: passive suction cups, active suction chambers and vortex or thrust systems. Passive suction cups are suitable only on very flat surfaces like glass but can be combined with different types of locomotion like Tracked Racoon or the Dexter robot having two articulated fits. In active suction chambers, suction cups are used along with electrical vacuum generators which produces a large through flow volume or high negative pressure. They can be used on rough ground in comparison with passive cups as they produces high attraction forces and can be combined with nearly every locomotion system e.g. WallWalker , Bitclimber, LARVA.\r\nLocomotive Principle\r\nIn literature various combinations exist combining different types of locomotion with different adhesion principles. During robot development a question has to be considered: What kind of locomotion principle is the optimum for the given task and the environment. In general, one can distinguish three classes of locomotion with their individual assets and drawbacks:\r\n\r\n1. Arms and Legs : This locomotion principle resembles the movement of lizard on a wall which includes alternate forward movement of one of the arms or legs and by pivoting the other at the same time. The main advantage of this locomotion principle is that the robot is highly adaptable to wall surface structure which includes overcoming obstacles, small steps, etc and translation of robot from ground to wall. However, high degree of freedom leads to complicated mechanical structure and control system which ultimately results in higher weights, larger torques and slow movement.\r\n\r\n2. Wheels and Chains : Wheeled or tracked locomotion is the fast and continuous movement and the simplest mechanism to employ. Magnetic or pneumatic adhesion system can be used in combination with this locomotion system, but it has a limitation of lifting load capacity since the power input of motors driving the wheels is insufficient at high carrying load. Also, motors of wheels must be mounted on robot which results in increase in dead load of robot.\r\n\r\n3. Pneumatic actuators : Pneumatic actuators with sliding frame are very commonly used locomotive principle. The main purpose of using this system is that it provides wide range of lifting load capacity from 0.25 kg to 100 kg on varying the supply pressure of compressed air. Regulation of air flow rate to actuators enables us a great control on climbing velocity in case of precise motion applications. The drawbacks of this principle are again a low speed compared to wheeled or tracked vehicles, a discontinuous movement due to the stick-move-stick-move cycle. By considering precision and payload capacity, pneumatic actuators with sliding frame is selected as locomotive principle for wall climbing robot.\r\n\r\nRobot Assembly\r\nAssembly of both limbs of robot i.e. vertical and horizontal limb is done separately. It begins with insertion of both threaded ends of cylinders in 22 mm drill of L-plate and tighten it firmly with the help of locknuts. Piston rod end is fixed to center drill of teflon piece. Then, sliding rods are inserted in 7 mm drills of teflon piece through which it can slide freely. Rear ends of sliding rods are fixed rigidly in 7 mm drilled holes of L-plate\r\nmounted on piston rod side of cylinder. Front ends of sliding rod are fixed to the L-plate on opposite end as shown in fig. In this way, assembly of one limb is complete. \r\n\r\nSimilarly, other limb is assembled and Teflon pieces of both limbs are kept over each other. Both limbs are fixed to each other permanently by inserting blue rod through teflon pieces as shown.\r\n\r\n Wireless Controlled Pneumatically Operated Wall Climbing Robot - Mechanical Project\r\nPneumatic Circuit\r\nPneumatically operated wall climbing bot mainly composed of two limbs:\r\ni) Vertical limb with cylinder 1 , suction cups S1 &amp; S2 mounted on it.\r\nii) Horizontal limb with cylinder 2 , suction cups S3 &amp; S4 mounted on it.\r\n\r\nDouble acting cylinder 1 and cylinder 2 are used for motion along X-axis and Y-axis respectively. Both cylinders are actuated through solenoid operated spring return 5\/2 direction control valves. When control unit sends electric pilot signal of 12 V to any DCV coil, spool position is shifted resulting into extension stroke of cylinder.\r\nFlow control valve is inserted in path to regulate the extension velocity of cylinder. Vacuum generator is a small device which creates vacuum pressure to outlet port when compressed air passes through its orifice. Suction cups S1, S2 are operated through vacuum generator VG1 and S3, S4 are operated through VG2. Both VG1 and VG2 are provided with compressed air supply through solenoid actua ted spring return\r\n3\/2 direction control valves. Pneumatic hoses, T-connectors, inline connectors are used for all pneumatic connections.\r\n\r\nReference Download\u00a0\r\n\r\nDesign of vacuum operated wall climbing robot-IJAERDV04I0883222.pdf","headline":"Wireless Controlled Pneumatically Operated Wall Climbing Robot","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-08-12","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 22, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Wireless-Controlled-Pneumatically-Operated-Wall-Climbing-Robot-Mechanical-Project--300x184.jpg","height":184,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/work-holding-devices-used-on-milling-machine/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Work-Holding-Devices-Used-on-Milling-Machine-300x200.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Work Holding Devices Used on Milling Machine</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/work-holding-devices-used-on-milling-machine/">Work Holding Devices Used on Milling Machine</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Milling Machine - Work Holding Devices 
It is necessary that the work should be properly and securely held on the milling machine table for effective machining operations. The cutting pressure...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/work-holding-devices-used-on-milling-machine/" aria-label="View Post: Work Holding Devices Used on Milling Machine">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Work Holding Devices Used on Milling Machine","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/work-holding-devices-used-on-milling-machine\/","articleBody":"Milling Machine - Work Holding Devices\u00a0\r\nIt is necessary that the work should be properly and securely held on the milling machine table for effective machining operations. The cutting pressure exhorted by milling cutter is quite high comparing the single point tool of a lathe machine. Therefore the workpiece has to be secured rigidly to avoid any vibration. The following are the usual methods of holding work on the milling machine.\r\nSee also: Cutter Holding Devices For Milling Machines\r\n\r\nIn the Milling machines, fixtures are still required to locate and hold the workpieces while machining. \r\nFeatures of Work Holding Devices :\u00a0\r\nThe work holding devices should have the following uniqueness :\r\n(a) Work holding devices must have required accuracy and must have matching reference surfaces with the reference system.\r\n(b) Work holding devices are allowed to perform a number of operations on different faces in a single setting.\r\n(c) Work holding devices must enable quick loading and unloading.\r\n(d) Work holding devices must be fool-proofing to avoid incorrect loading of the job.\r\n(e) Work holding devices must be sufficient rigidity to fully withstand the cutting forces.\r\n(f) Work holding devices must be safe in use and loading and unloading.\r\n(g) Work holding devices must have a sufficient clamping force for the use of full roughing cuts.\r\n(h) Work holding devices must be simple in construction maximum as possible.\r\n\r\n Work Holding Devices Used on Milling Machine\r\nWork Holding devices used For Milling Machines :\u00a0\r\nVarious types of work holding devices are used for milling machine operations they are explained as follows :\r\n\r\n\r\n \tT-bolts and clamps\u00a0\r\n \tAngle Plates\u00a0\r\n \tV - Block\r\n \tMachine Vices\u00a0\r\n \tDividing Head\u00a0\r\n \tSpecial Fixture\u00a0\r\n \tCircular Table or Indexing Table\u00a0\r\n \tParallels\u00a0\r\n \tMagnetic chuck \/ Vacuum chuck \/\u00a0 Collet chuck \r\n\r\nT- Bolts and clamps\u00a0- \r\nBulky workpieces of irregular shapes are clamped directly on the milling machine table by using T- bolts and clamps. Different types of clamps are used for different patterns of work. The common types of clamps are shown in Fig 10 of chapter 5. All these clamps carry a long hole, through which clamping bolt passes. This hole permits the bolts for adjustment according to the size and shape of the job.\r\nAngle plates\u00a0- \r\n\r\n\r\n \tWhen work surfaces are to be milled at right angles to another face, angle plates are used for supporting the work.\r\n \tThe angle plate is made from high-quality material (generally spheroidal cast iron) that has been stabilized to prevent further movement or distortion.\r\n \t Slotted holes or \"T\" bolt slots are machined into the surfaces to enable the secure attachment or clamping of workpieces to the plate, and also of the plate to the worktable. \r\n \tAngle plates also may be used to hold the workpiece square to the table during marking-out operations. \r\n \tAdjustable angle plates are also available for workpieces that need to be inclined, usually towards a milling cutter.\r\n\r\nV block\u00a0- \r\nThe V blocks are used for holding shafts on a milling machine table in which keyways and slots are to be milled.\r\nVices\u00a0- \r\nVices are the most common appliance for holding work on milling machine tables. According to its quick loading and unloading arrangement. Vices are of three types,\r\n(a)\u00a0Plain Vice\u00a0- \r\nThe plain vice is directly bolted on the milling machine table is the most common type of vice used on plain milling operations, which involves heavy cuts, such as in slab milling. Its especially low construction enables the work to remain quite close to the table. This reduces the chance of vibration to a minimum. The base carries slots to accommodate \u2018T\u2019 bolts to fix the vice on the table. Work is clamped between the fixed and movable jaw and for holding workpieces of irregular shape special jaws are sometimes used.\r\n(b)\u00a0Swivel Vices\u00a0- \r\nThe swivel vice is used to mill an angular surface in relation to a straight surface without removing the work from the vice. It has got a circular base graduated in degrees. The base is clamped on the table by means of T- bolts.\r\n(c)\u00a0Universal Vices\u00a0- \r\nIt can be swiveled in a horizontal plane similar to a swivel vice and can also be tilted in any vertical position for an angular cut. The vice is not rigid in construction and is used mainly in tool room work. It enables the milling of various surfaces, at an inclination to one another, without removing the workpiece.\r\nDividing Head\u00a0- \r\nDividing head or indexing head used to hold the workpiece and divide the periphery into the number of divisions required. These are of three types:\r\n(a) Plain dividing head\r\n(b) Universal dividing head\r\n(c) Optical dividing head\r\nSpecial Fixture :\r\nWork directly mounted on table or Special fixtures\r\nWork directly mounted on the table for heavy nature of jobs or odd-shaped jobs which is not possible to hold by other holding devices, with the help of slots, T- bolts, and nuts. The fixtures are special devices designed to hold work for specific operations more efficiently than standard work holding devices. The fixtures are especially useful when large numbers of identical parts are to be manufactured.","headline":"Work Holding Devices Used on Milling Machine","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-08-11","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"May 7, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Work-Holding-Devices-Used-on-Milling-Machine-300x200.jpg","height":200,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/what-is-hydraulic-accumulator-types-of-hydraulic-accumulator/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/hydraulic-accumulator-29-728-300x225.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to What is Hydraulic accumulator &#8211; Types Of Hydraulic Accumulator</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/what-is-hydraulic-accumulator-types-of-hydraulic-accumulator/">What is Hydraulic accumulator &#8211; Types Of Hydraulic Accumulator</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>What is Hydraulic accumulator - Types Of Hydraulic Accumulator
Introduction to Accumulators : 
A hydraulic accumulator is a device that stores the potential energy of an incompressible fluid held...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/what-is-hydraulic-accumulator-types-of-hydraulic-accumulator/" aria-label="View Post: What is Hydraulic accumulator &#8211; Types Of Hydraulic Accumulator">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"What is Hydraulic accumulator &#8211; Types Of Hydraulic Accumulator","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/what-is-hydraulic-accumulator-types-of-hydraulic-accumulator\/","articleBody":"What is Hydraulic accumulator - Types Of Hydraulic Accumulator\r\nIntroduction to Accumulators :\u00a0\r\nA hydraulic accumulator is a device that stores the potential energy of an incompressible fluid held under pressure by an external source against some dynamic force. This dynamic force can come from different sources. The stored potential energy in the accumulator is a quick secondary source of fluid power capable of doing useful work.\r\n\r\n hydraulic accumulator\r\nThere are three basic types of accumulators:\r\n1. Weight-loaded or gravity accumulator:\r\n\r\nSchematic diagram of weight loaded accumulator is shown in Fig..It is a vertically mounted cylinder with a large weight. When the hydraulic fluid is pumped into it, the weight is raised. The weight applies a force on the piston that generates a pressure on the fluid side of piston. The advantage of this type of accumulator over other types is that it applies a constant pressure on the fluid throughout its range of motion. The main disadvantage is its extremely large size and heavy weight. This makes it unsuitable for mobile application.\r\n\r\n2. Spring-loaded accumulator:\r\n\r\nA spring-loaded accumulator stores energy in the form of a compressed spring. A hydraulic fluid is pumped into the accumulator, causing the piston to move up and compress the\u00a0spring as shown in Fig. . The compressed spring then applies a force on the piston that exerts a pressure on the hydraulic fluid.\r\nThis type of accumulator delivers only a small volume of oil at relatively low pressure. Furthermore, the pressure exerted on the oil is not constant as in the dead-weight-type accumulator. As the springs are compressed, the accumulator pressure reaches its peak, and as the springs approach their free lengths, the accumulator pressure drops to a minimum.\r\n\r\n3. Gas-loaded accumulator: \r\n\r\nA gas-loaded accumulator is popularly used in industries. Here the force is applied to the oil using compressed air. Schematic diagram of a gas loaded accumulator is shown in Fig. A gas accumulator can be very large and is often used with water or high water-based fluids using air as a gas charge. Typical application is on water turbines to absorb pressure surges owing to valve closure and on ram pumps to smooth out the delivery flow.\r\n\r\nThere are two types of gas-loaded accumulators:\r\n\r\nNon-separator-type accumulator: Here the oil and gas are not separated. Hence, they are always placed vertically.\r\n\r\nSeparator-type accumulator: Here the oil and gas are separated by an element. Based on the type of element used to separate the oil and gas, they are classified as follows:\r\n\r\n(a) Piston-type accumulator:\r\n\r\nSchematic diagram of a piston type accumulator is shown in Fig..It consists of a cylinder with a freely floating piston with proper seals. Its operation begins by charging the gas chamber with a gas (nitrogen) under a pre-determined pressure. This causes the free sliding piston to move down. Once the accumulator is pre-charged, a hydraulic fluid can be pumped into the hydraulic fluid port. As the fluid enters the accumulator, it causes the piston to slide up, thereby compressing the gas that increases its pressure and this pressure is then applied to the hydraulic fluid through the piston. Because the piston is free sliding, the pressure on the gas and that on the hydraulic fluid are always equal.\r\n\r\n(b) Diaphragm accumulator:\r\n\r\nIn this type, the hydraulic fluid and nitrogen gas are separated by a synthetic rubber diaphragm. Schematic diagram of diaphragm accumulator is shown in Fig. The advantage of a diaphragm accumulator over a piston accumulator is that it has no sliding surface that requires lubrication and can therefore be used with fluids having poor lubricating qualities. It is less sensitive to contamination due to lack of any close-fitting components.\r\n\r\n(c) Bladder accumulator: \r\n\r\nIt functions in the same way as the other two accumulators. Schematic diagram of bladder accumulator is shown in Fig. Here the gas and the hydraulic fluid are separated by a synthetic rubber bladder. The bladder is filled with nitrogen until the designed pre-charge pressure is achieved. The hydraulic fluid is then pumped into the accumulator, thereby compressing the gas and increasing the pressure in the accumulator. The port cover is a small piece of metal that protects the bladder from damage as it expands and contacts the fluid port.","headline":"What is Hydraulic accumulator &#8211; Types Of Hydraulic Accumulator","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-08-10","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 22, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/hydraulic-accumulator-29-728-300x225.jpg","height":225,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <nav class="pagination-wrapper" aria-label="article pagination"> <a class="prev page-numbers" href="?page_num=167">&laquo; PREV</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=1"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>1</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">&hellip;</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=166"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>166</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=167"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>167</a> <span aria-current="page" class="page-numbers current"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>168</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=169"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>169</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=170"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>170</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">&hellip;</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=338"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>338</a> <a class="next page-numbers" href="?page_num=169">NEXT &raquo;</a></nav></section></main><aside id="secondary" class="widget-area"><div class="about-wrapper"><h2 class="widget-title" style="background: #d693c6; color: #ff392e">About Us</h2><div class="about-image" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Sachin-Thorat-300x300-min.png')"></div><p class="about-copy">LearnMech.Com is a Mechanical Project-oriented platform run by Sachin Thorat who is a B-Tech Graduate in Mechanical Engineering. 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