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This Video shows lead screw driven scissor lifting table which is manually operated. This project is for final year mechanical...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/design-animation-scissor-lifitng-table-mechanical-project/" aria-label="View Post: Design and Animation Of Scissor Lifitng Table Mechanical Project">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Design and Animation Of Scissor Lifitng Table Mechanical Project","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/design-animation-scissor-lifitng-table-mechanical-project\/","articleBody":"Design and Animation Of Scissor Lifitng Table Mechanical Project\r\nThis Video shows lead screw driven scissor lifting table which is manually operated. This project is for final year mechanical ,diploma students .\r\n\r\nA scissors lift table uses a scissors mechanism to raise and\/or lower goods. They are also used to transport these goods over small distances. Many industrial operations use lift tables for various purposes, such as vehicle loading and docking, work positioning, handling loads, and as wheelchair lifts.\r\nLift tables can come in a vast array of configurations and can be built to suit various highly specialized industrial processes. The most common lift table design incorporates hydraulic cylinders and an electrically powered pump to actuate the scissor lifting mechanism. Lift tables can also be driven by pneumatic sources, trapezoidal-threaded screw drives, push chains or by hydraulic foot pump when the load is not heavy. Lift tables can be mounted in a pit for floor-level loading, especially useful for access by manual pallet-pump trucks and the mobility impaired or wheelchair users.\r\n\r\n\r\nApplications :\r\nCommon applications include pallet handling, vehicle loading and work positioning.","headline":"Design and Animation Of Scissor Lifitng Table Mechanical Project","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-03-23","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"","height":0,"width":0},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/blow-moulding-types-advantages-disadvantages/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/blow-moulding-process-step-by-step-explanined-300x147.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to blow moulding &#8211; Process , advantages and Disadvantages</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/blow-moulding-types-advantages-disadvantages/">blow moulding &#8211; Process , advantages and Disadvantages</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Blow moulding - Process , advantages and Disadvantages 
Blow moulding is a manufacturing process by which hollow plastic parts are formed: It is also used for forming glass bottles. This is the most...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/blow-moulding-types-advantages-disadvantages/" aria-label="View Post: blow moulding &#8211; Process , advantages and Disadvantages">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"blow moulding &#8211; Process , advantages and Disadvantages","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/blow-moulding-types-advantages-disadvantages\/","articleBody":"Blow moulding - Process , advantages and Disadvantages \r\nBlow moulding is a manufacturing process by which hollow plastic parts are formed: It is also used for forming glass bottles. This is the most common method for manufacturing hollow articles from thermoplastics . The most simple products and articles that are made by blow molding are bottles, ventilation ducts, suit cases and fuel tanks for automobiles.\r\n\r\n In general, there are three main types of blow moulding: \r\n\r\n \tExtrusion blow moulding,\r\n \tInjection blow moulding, and\r\n \tInjection stretch blow moulding. \r\n\r\nThe blow molding process begins with melting down the plastic and forming it into a parison or in the case of injection and injection stretch blow moulding (ISB) a preform. The parison is a tube-like piece of plastic with a hole in one end through which compressed air can pass.\r\n\r\na .Extrusion Blow Moulding : \r\n\r\nAn extruded tube or parison is elongated to reach the required length . The parison is then enclosed by the mold , which is then cut by a blade. It is then conveyed to the blowing station. In the blowing station, a blow mandrel is inserted into the mold and the actual process is subsequently carried out. It is then cooled and the finished product is removed by opening the mold. The open mold is then transferred to the position below the extrusion die inorder to receive a new parison. The process then continues.\r\n\r\nblow moulding process step by step explanined\r\n\r\nb .Stretch Blow Molding : \r\n\r\nThis is a special form of blow molding in which the mechanical properties are considerably improved. A high degree of orientation is introduced in the plastics by drawing near the glass transition temperature or crystalline melting points. The molding material is drawn not only in the circumferential direction, but also in the machine direction. A mechanical ram is used for drawing in the longitudinal direction. The process is carried out under low temperature with the application of high deformation forces.\r\n\r\nc. Injection Blow Moulding :\u00a0\r\n\r\nIn injection blow molding, a short tubular piece (parison) is injection molded into cool dies. (Parisons may be made and stored for later use.) The\u00a0dies then open, and the parison is transferred to a blow-molding die by an indexing mechanism (Fig.). Hot air is injected into the parison, expanding it to the walls of the mold cavity. Typical products made are plastic beverage bottles (typically made of polyethylene or polyetheretherketone, PEEK) and small, hollow containers.\r\n\r\nInjection Blow Moulding Diagram :\u00a0\r\n\r\nInjection blow moulding process\r\n\r\nPVC, polypropylene and poly ethyl terephthalate are some of the materials for use with this process.\r\nBlow Moulding advantages and Disadvantages :\u00a0\r\nAdvantages Of Blow Moulding :\u00a0\r\nAdvantages of blow molding include: \r\n\r\n \tLow tool and die cost;\r\n \tFast production rates;\r\n \tAbility to mold complex part;\r\n \tHandles can be incorporated in the design.\r\n\r\nDisadvantages Of Blow Moulding :\u00a0\r\n\r\nDisadvantages of blow molding include: \r\n\r\n \tLimited to hollow parts,\r\n \tLow strength,\r\n \tTo increase barrier properties multilayer parisons of different materials are used thus not recyclable.\r\n \tTo make wide neck jars spin trimming is necessary.","headline":"blow moulding &#8211; Process , advantages and Disadvantages","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-03-22","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/blow-moulding-process-step-by-step-explanined-300x147.jpg","height":147,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/basic-injection-molding-process-diagram-working/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/injection-molding-diagram-300x181.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Basic Of Injection Moulding Process -Diagram , working</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/basic-injection-molding-process-diagram-working/">Basic Of Injection Moulding Process -Diagram , working</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Basic Of Injection Moulding Process -Diagram , working
INJECTION MOULDING PROCESS
Injection moulding is the most widely used polymeric fabrication process. It evolved from metal die casting,...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/basic-injection-molding-process-diagram-working/" aria-label="View Post: Basic Of Injection Moulding Process -Diagram , working">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Basic Of Injection Moulding Process -Diagram , working","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/basic-injection-molding-process-diagram-working\/","articleBody":"Basic Of Injection Moulding Process -Diagram , working\r\nINJECTION MOULDING PROCESS\r\nInjection moulding is the most widely used polymeric fabrication process. It evolved from metal die casting, however, unlike molten metals, polymer melts have a high viscosity and cannot simply be poured into a mould. Instead a large force must be used to inject the polymer into the hollow mould cavity. More melt must also be packed into the mould during solidification to avoid shrinkage in the mould. The injection moulding process is primarily a sequential operation that results in the transformation of plastic pellets into a moulded part. Identical parts are produced through a cyclic process involving the melting of a pellet or powder resin followed by the injection of the polymer melt into the hollow mould cavity under high pressure.\r\nINJECTION MOULDING MACHINE\r\nAn injection moulding machine produces components by injection moulding process. Most commonly used machines are hydraulically powered in-line screw machines, although electric machines are appearing and will be more dominant in the market in near future.\r\nThe main units of a typical injection moulding machine are the clamping unit, the plasticizing unit, and the drive unit; they are shown in Fig.\u00a0 The clamping unit holds the mould. It is capable of closing, clamping, and opening the mould. Its main components are the fixed and moving plates, the tie bars and the mechanism for opening, closing and clamping.\r\n\r\nThe injection unit or plasticizing unit melts the plastic and injects it into the mould. The drive unit provides power to the plasticizing unit and clamping unit.\r\n\r\nInjection moulding machines are often classified by the maximum clamp force that the machine can generate. This is the force that pushes the two mold halves\r\ntogether to avoid opening of the mould due to internal pressure of the plastic melt in the mould. The clamping force of typical injection moulding machines\r\nrange from 200 to 100,000 kN.\r\n\r\nRead More:\u00a0Reaction Injection Molding- Advantages and Disadvantages\r\nThere are several types in the injection Molding machine, and the difference is made by how these two devices are arranged.\r\n\uff081\uff09 Horizontal injection machine \uff1a Both mold clamping device and injection device compounded horizontally\r\n\uff082\uff09 Vertical injection machine \uff1a Both mold clamping device and injection device compounded vertically\r\n\uff083\uff09 Two-color injection machine\r\n\uff084\uff09 Rotary injection machine\r\n\uff085\uff09 Low foam injection machine\r\n\uff086\uff09 Multi material injection machine\r\n\uff087\uff09 Sandwich injection machine\r\nTHE INJECTION MOULDING CYCLE - Working\r\ninjection molding diagram\r\n\r\nThere are three main stages in the injection moulding cycle;\r\n\r\nstage 1, injection, followed by stage 2, holding pressure and plasticating, and finally, stage 3, ejection of the moulded part. When stage 3 is completed, the mould closes again and the cycle starts over again.\r\n\r\nStage 1- INJECTION OF THE PLASTIC MELTS INTO THE MOULD: \r\n\r\nIn stage 1, the mould is closed and the nozzle of the extruder is pushed against the sprue bushing of the mould. The screw, not rotating at this point, is pushed forward so that the plastic melt in front of the screw is forced into the mould.\r\n\r\nStage 2- HOLDING PRESSURE AND PLASTICATING: \r\n\r\nWhen the mould is completely filled, the screw remains stationary for some time to keep the plastic in the mould under pressure, this is called the \u201chold\u201d time. During the hold time additional melt is injected into the mould to compensate for contraction due to cooling. Later, the gate, which is the narrow entrance into the mould, freezes. At this point the mould is isolated from the injection unit. However, the melt within the mould is still at high pressure. As the melt cools and solidifies, the pressure should be high enough to avoid sink-marks, but low enough to allow easy removal of the parts.\r\nDuring the plastication stage, the material is pushed forward from the feed hopper through the barrel and towards the nozzle by a rotating screw. When the gate freezes, the screw rotation is started. The period of screw rotation is called screw \u201crecovery\u201d. The rotation of the screw causes the plastic to be conveyed forward. As the plastic moves forward, heat from the electric heater bands along the barrel and shear starts to melt the plastic. At the discharge end of the screw, the plastic will be completely melted. The melt that accumulates at the end of the screw pushes the screw backward. Thus the screw rotates and moves backward at the same time. The rate at which plastic melt accumulates in front of the screw can be controlled by the screw backpressure, that is, the hydraulic pressure exerted on the screw. This also controls the melt pressure in front of the screw.\r\nWhen sufficient melt gets accumulated in front of the screw, the rotation of the screw stops. During screw recovery the plastic in the mould is cooled, but typically the cooling is not finished by the end of screw recovery. As a result, the screw will remain stationary for some period until cooling is completed. This period is often referred to as \u201csoak\u201d time. During this time additional plastic will melt in the extruder from conductive heating. Also, the melted material will\r\nreach more thermal uniformity, although the soak time is usually too short to\r\nimprove thermal homogeneity significantly.\r\n\r\nStage 3 EJECTION: \r\n\r\nWhen the material in the mould has cooled sufficiently to retain its shape, the mould opens and the parts are ejected from the mould as shown in\r\nWhen the moulded part has been ejected, the mould closes and the cycle starts over again.\r\nThe different stages can be graphically illustrated as shown in FigThe top bar shows the movement of the extruder screw, the second bar shows the action going on inside the mould and the third bar indicates at what times the mould is open and closed.\r\n\r\ninjection molding cycle time\r\n\r\nAs can be seen in Fig.\u00a0 the major part of the injection moulding cycle is the cooling time required for the plastic in the mould to reduce to a temperature where the part can be removed without significant distortion. The main variable that determines the cooling time is the thickness of the molded part.","headline":"Basic Of Injection Moulding Process -Diagram , working","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-03-20","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/injection-molding-diagram-300x181.jpg","height":181,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/fabrication-lathe-coolant-pump-fitting-arrangement/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/DRAWING-FOR-COOLANT-PUMP-ATTACHMENT-FOR-LATHE-300x169.png')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to FABRICATION OF LATHE COOLANT PUMP WITH FITTING ARRANGEMENT</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/fabrication-lathe-coolant-pump-fitting-arrangement/">FABRICATION OF LATHE COOLANT PUMP WITH FITTING ARRANGEMENT</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>FABRICATION OF LATHE COOLANT PUMP WITH FITTING ARRANGEMENT
SYNOPSIS
A coolant is a fluid which flows through a device in order to prevent its overheating, transferring the heat produced by the...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/fabrication-lathe-coolant-pump-fitting-arrangement/" aria-label="View Post: FABRICATION OF LATHE COOLANT PUMP WITH FITTING ARRANGEMENT">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"FABRICATION OF LATHE COOLANT PUMP WITH FITTING ARRANGEMENT","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/fabrication-lathe-coolant-pump-fitting-arrangement\/","articleBody":"FABRICATION OF LATHE COOLANT PUMP WITH FITTING ARRANGEMENT\r\nSYNOPSIS\r\nA coolant is a fluid which flows through a device in order to prevent its overheating, transferring the heat produced by the device to other devices that utilize or dissipate it. An ideal coolant has high thermal capacity, low viscosity, is low-cost, and is chemically inert, neither causing nor promoting corrosion of the cooling system. Some applications also require the coolant to be an electrical insulator.\r\n\r\nWhile the term coolant is commonly used in automotive, residential and commercial temperature control applications, in industrial processing, heat transfer fluid is one technical term more often used, in high temperature as well as low temperature manufacturing applications. The coolant can either keep its phase or stay liquid or gaseous, or can undergo a phase change, with the latent heat adding to the cooling efficiency.\r\n\r\nThe temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature level during the machining process. Then the signal is passed to the amplification unit where the signal magnification is carried without changing its properties. The signal is converted into digital signal using AD converter. This signal is processed in microcontroller and this operates the relay thus the coolant pump is operated. This supplies the coolant on the machining element thus the temperature is controlled by this arrangement. This is very suitable in small scale industries.\r\n\r\nDRAWING FOR COOLANT PUMP ATTACHMENT FOR LATHE","headline":"FABRICATION OF LATHE COOLANT PUMP WITH FITTING ARRANGEMENT","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-03-17","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/DRAWING-FOR-COOLANT-PUMP-ATTACHMENT-FOR-LATHE-300x169.png","height":169,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/rhino-3d-modelling-software-engineers-architecture/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/rhino-3d-300x222.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Rhino 3D &#8211; Modelling Software For Engineers and Architecture</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/rhino-3d-modelling-software-engineers-architecture/">Rhino 3D &#8211; Modelling Software For Engineers and Architecture</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Rhino 3D - Modelling Software For Engineers and Architecture
Rhinoceros (typically abbreviated Rhino, or Rhino3D) is a commercial 3D computer graphics and computer-aided design (CAD) application...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/rhino-3d-modelling-software-engineers-architecture/" aria-label="View Post: Rhino 3D &#8211; Modelling Software For Engineers and Architecture">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Rhino 3D &#8211; Modelling Software For Engineers and Architecture","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/rhino-3d-modelling-software-engineers-architecture\/","articleBody":"Rhino 3D - Modelling Software For Engineers and Architecture\r\nRhinoceros (typically abbreviated Rhino, or Rhino3D) is a commercial 3D computer graphics and computer-aided design (CAD) application software developed by Robert McNeel &amp; Associates, an American, privately-held, employee-owned company founded in 1980.\r\n\r\nWhat is Rhino 3D?\r\n\r\nRhinoceros 3D, or Rhino 3D, is the world\u2019s most versatile 3D modeller. It can create, analyse, edit, animate, render, document and translate polygon meshes, point clouds, solids, surfaces and NURBS curves. Apart from the size of your hardware, there are no limits to the complexity you can produce with Rhino 3D.\r\n\r\nRhino 3D offers the precision needed to design, prototype, analyse, engineer and manufacture anything from an airplane to jewellery. Its uninhibited free-form 3D modelling tools are usually only found in products 20-50 times more expensive, meaning you can model any shape you want.\r\n\r\nRhinoceros has been designed to be compatible with a range of design, drafting and CAM software, as well as engineering, analysis and rendering programmes. It can also be used with animation and illustration software, presenting a range of new possibilities to your artwork. For Windows users, Rhino 3D functions as a development platform for many different modelling products, making it even more versatile. Rhino 3D has the ability to read and repair meshes, including IGES files, which can be extremely challenging.\r\n\r\nRhinoceros geometry is based on the NURBS mathematical model, which focuses on producing mathematically precise representation of curves and free-form surfaces in computer graphics (as opposed to polygon mesh-based applications).\r\n\r\nrhino 3d\r\n\r\nWhat are NURBS?\r\n\r\nNon-Uniform Rational B-Splines, or NURBS, are simply the mathematical representations of 3D geometry that accurately describe a shape, from the most simple 2D line, to the most complex 3D free-form solid or surface. NURBS models are often used in many processes such as manufacturing, illustration and animation due to their immense flexibility and accuracy.\r\n\r\nApplication Of Rhino 3d\r\n\r\nRhinoceros is used in processes of computer-aided design (CAD), computer-aided manufacturing (CAM), rapid prototyping, 3D printing and reverse engineering in industries including architecture, industrial design (e.g. automotive design, watercraft design), product design (e.g. jewelry design) as well as for multimedia and graphic design.\r\n\r\nSystem Requirements for Rhino 3D\r\n\r\nRhinoceros is developed for the Microsoft Windows operating system and OS X. A visual scripting language add-on for Rhino, Grasshopper, is developed by Robert McNeel &amp; Associates.\r\n\r\nThe Rhinoceros file format (.3DM) is useful for the exchange of NURBS geometry. The Rhino developers started the open NURBS Initiative to provide computer graphics software developers the tools to accurately transfer 3-D geometry between applications.","headline":"Rhino 3D &#8211; Modelling Software For Engineers and Architecture","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-03-15","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/rhino-3d-300x222.jpg","height":222,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/strain-gauge-types-strain-gauges/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/types-of-strain-gauges-bonded-and-unboned-strain-gauges-300x88.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to What is Strain Gauge -Types Of Strain Gauges</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/strain-gauge-types-strain-gauges/">What is Strain Gauge -Types Of Strain Gauges</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>What is Strain Gauge -Types Of Strain Gauges
What is Strain Gauge ? 
The most widely used pressure and force sensitive transducer is the strain gauge. The principle of the strain gauge is based on...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/strain-gauge-types-strain-gauges/" aria-label="View Post: What is Strain Gauge -Types Of Strain Gauges">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"What is Strain Gauge -Types Of Strain Gauges","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/strain-gauge-types-strain-gauges\/","articleBody":"What is Strain Gauge -Types Of Strain Gauges\r\nWhat is Strain Gauge ?\u00a0\r\nThe most widely used pressure and force sensitive transducer is the strain gauge. The principle of the strain gauge is based on the resistive properties of electrical conductors.\r\n\r\nElectrical conductor possesses resistance based on the relationship\r\n\r\nR =\u00a0\u03c1 ( L \/ A)\r\n\r\nwhere R is the resistance, \u03c1 is the resistivity, L is the length and A is the area of cross-section.\r\n\r\nWhen a metal conductor is stretched or compressed, its resistance changes because of the fact that both length and diameter of the conductor change. These effects, called piezoresistive effect, can be used for measurement of several variables like strain and associated stress in experimental stress analysis, and small dimensional changes.\r\n\r\n STRAIN GAUGES\r\n\r\nAt the top of the figure, the conductor is unstressed. At the bottom of the figure, the conductor is in tension, increasing its length and reducing its area. The resistance of the strain gauge changes in proportion to its change in dimensions.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nThe gauge factor, G, of a strain gauge is the ratio of relative change in resistance to the relative change in length.\r\n\r\n strain gauges -gauge factor ratio\r\n\r\nThere are two primary constructions used in making strain gauges : bonded and unbonded. These are shown in Figure . In the unbonded strain gauge, the wire resistance element is stretched between two flexible supports. The wire stretches in accordance with the force applied to the diaphragm. The resistance of the wire changes due to these forces.\r\n\r\n types of strain gauges -bonded and unboned strain gauges\r\n\r\nIn a bonded strain gauge, a wire metal foil is placed in a thin metal diaphragm. When the diaphragm is flexed, the element deforms and change in resistance occurs. Generally, bonded strain gauge is more durable than unbonded.\r\nThere are three types of strain gauges :\r\n(a) Metallic resistance strain gauge made of metallic wires such as constantan (Cu-Ni alloy) Nichrome V or Platinum alloy.\r\n\r\n(b) Foil strain gauge consists of a thin, 8-to 15 \u00b5m nitro-cellulose impregnated paper on which photo etched metal alloy filaments are attached as resistance material. For higher temperature, an epoxy backing is used instead of paper.\r\nThe active length of the gauge is along the transverse axis. The gauge should be mounted with its transverse axis in the same direction as the direction of application of force or strain. Thus, the elongation of the gauge reduces the length and consequently the resistance.\r\n\r\n(c) The third type is the semiconductor gauge. It depends on the piezoresistive properties of silicon and germanium. They have high sensitivities with gauge factor from 50 to 200. Their chief defects are fluctuations due to temperature and non-linear output. The p-type gauges increase resistance\u00a0with applied tensile strain while n-type gauge resistance decreases. The gauge is generally bonded to the structure by epoxy adhesive or ceramic cement.","headline":"What is Strain Gauge -Types Of Strain Gauges","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-03-15","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/types-of-strain-gauges-bonded-and-unboned-strain-gauges-300x88.jpg","height":88,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <nav class="pagination-wrapper" aria-label="article pagination"> <a class="prev page-numbers" href="?page_num=199">&laquo; PREV</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=1"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>1</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">&hellip;</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=198"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>198</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=199"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>199</a> <span aria-current="page" class="page-numbers current"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>200</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=201"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>201</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=202"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>202</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">&hellip;</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=338"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>338</a> <a class="next page-numbers" href="?page_num=201">NEXT &raquo;</a></nav></section></main><aside id="secondary" class="widget-area"><div class="about-wrapper"><h2 class="widget-title" style="background: #d693c6; color: #ff392e">About Us</h2><div class="about-image" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Sachin-Thorat-300x300-min.png')"></div><p class="about-copy">LearnMech.Com is a Mechanical Project-oriented platform run by Sachin Thorat who is a B-Tech Graduate in Mechanical Engineering. 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