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url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Orbital-Welding-Process-Equipment-Application-min-1.png')"> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/manufacturing-technology-notes/"><h2 class="card-title">Manufacturing Technology Notes</h2> </a></article></section><main id="main" class="site-main"><section class="articles-wrapper"><h2 class="section-header-text">Recent Posts</h2><article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/single-cylinder-double-acting-reciprocating-pump-mechanical-project/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/SINGLE-CYLINDER-DOUBLEACTING-PUMP-300x229.png')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Single Cylinder Double acting Reciprocating pump-Mechanical project</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/single-cylinder-double-acting-reciprocating-pump-mechanical-project/">Single Cylinder Double acting Reciprocating pump-Mechanical project</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Design and Fabrication Of Single Cylinder Double Acting Reciprocating pump 
SYNOPSIS
Here we have fabricated the single cylinder double acting pump. It’s a new innovative concept. This equipment...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/single-cylinder-double-acting-reciprocating-pump-mechanical-project/" aria-label="View Post: Single Cylinder Double acting Reciprocating pump-Mechanical project">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Single Cylinder Double acting Reciprocating pump-Mechanical project","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/single-cylinder-double-acting-reciprocating-pump-mechanical-project\/","articleBody":"Design and Fabrication Of Single Cylinder Double Acting Reciprocating pump\u00a0\r\nSYNOPSIS\r\nHere we have fabricated the single cylinder double acting pump. It\u2019s a new innovative concept. This equipment has been used in the pneumatic powered equipments such as pneumatic cylinder, etc,... This project is very useful to produce the air instead of replacing the compressor to operate the pneumatically operated equipments. In this equipment we have using the pneumatic cylinder and air tank for making of such operations. It is very much helpful for many industries to reduce the cost to produce the compressed air.\r\n\r\nMETHODOLOGY\r\n\r\nThe project consist the following parts\r\n\r\n \tPneumatic cylinder\r\n \tMotor\r\n \tCam\r\n \tAir tank\r\n\r\nWORKING PRINCIPLE\r\nThe pneumatic cylinder\u2019s piston is connected to the cam disc\u2019s shaft. The cam disc is connected to the motor shaft. The motor is used to rotate the cam. Using the cam\u2019s rotary motion the pneumatic cylinder is operated to the linear motion (i.e forward and reverse). The pneumatic cylinders two inlet ports are connected to the four non return valves, the non-return valves are have, the two non return valves are connected always the air tank, another two non-return valves are connected to the pneumatic cylinder only. The motor start rotates then the pneumatic cylinder reciprocates forward and reverse, during this motion the atmospheric air is sucked and send through the air tank, the air tank contains two side in the non-return valve so the air can\u2019t be come out from the air tank. The stored air is used for the required applications. This project is very much useful for small scale industries, etc\r\n\r\nSingle Cylinder Double acting Reciprocating pump\r\n\r\nADVANTAGES\r\n\r\n\r\n \tAutomatic operation\r\n \tLess maintenance\r\n \tQuick process\r\n \tLess cost\r\n\r\nDISADVANTAGES\r\n\r\nThe produced air is used to operate the one pneumatic equipments at a time\r\n\r\nAPPLICATIONS\r\n\r\nApplicable in small scale industries, workshops, etc","headline":"Single Cylinder Double acting Reciprocating pump-Mechanical project","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2017-11-13","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/SINGLE-CYLINDER-DOUBLEACTING-PUMP-300x229.png","height":229,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/fabrication-mosaic-polishing-machine-mechanical-project/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Fabrication-of-Mosaic-Polishing-Machine-300x173.png')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Fabrication of Mosaic Polishing Machine- Mechanical Project</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/fabrication-mosaic-polishing-machine-mechanical-project/">Fabrication of Mosaic Polishing Machine- Mechanical Project</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Fabrication of Mosaic Polishing Machine- Mechanical Project
SYNOPSIS
This project deals with the designing and fabrication of Mosaic Polishing Machine. The aim of this project work is to develop...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/fabrication-mosaic-polishing-machine-mechanical-project/" aria-label="View Post: Fabrication of Mosaic Polishing Machine- Mechanical Project">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Fabrication of Mosaic Polishing Machine- Mechanical Project","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/fabrication-mosaic-polishing-machine-mechanical-project\/","articleBody":"Fabrication of Mosaic Polishing Machine- Mechanical Project\r\nSYNOPSIS\r\nThis project deals with the designing and fabrication of Mosaic Polishing Machine. The aim of this project work is to develop and modernized process for cleaning the floor with wet and dry. It is very useful for cleaning the floors. It can be used wet and dry; hence it is widely used in houses, hospitals, auditorium, shops, computer centers, etc. In modern days interior decorations are becoming an important role in our life. Cleaning of floor is a very important one for our health and reduces the man power requirement. Hence our project is very useful in our day to day life. Mosaic Polishing Machine is simple ,mini project.\r\nINTRODUCTION\r\nThe cleaner is very much useful in cleaning floors in hospitals, houses, auditorium, shops, computer centers etc; it is very simple in construction and easy to operate. Anybody can operate this machine easily. It consist of moisture cotton brush, the brush cleans the floor and dried with aid of small blower. Hence it is very useful in hospitals, houses, etc. The time taken for cleaning is very less and the cost is also very less. Maintenance cost is less. Much type of machines is widely used for this purpose. But they are working under different principles and the cost is also very high.\r\n\r\nIn our project is very simple drive mechanism and easy to operate any persons. The size of the machine is also portable, so we can transfer from one place to other place very easily. The Mosaic cleaner is simple, modern house holding device; even children can also operate it easily with safety. It is very important one for each and every houses and hospitals etc.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\nWORKING PRINCIPLE\r\nFabrication of Mosaic Polishing Machine\r\n\r\nThe cleaning liquid is mixed in proper proportion and it is poured into the reservoir through the top way. The cleaning liquid is poured until the tanks are filled. Actuating the lever opens the valve. Cleaning liquid from the tank spills on the brush. After the required amount is delivered, the lever is released and the machine is switched ON. The brush gets drive from motor through pulleys and belts. The brush applies pressure on the floor, when the adjuster rod is unscrewed and the handle is moved in the required direction to clean the sufficient area. Again the lever is operated to supply cleaning liquid whenever required. This process is repeated, so floor is cleaned well. The cotton brush prevents the damages on the mosaic, marble floors and gives smooth surface finish and shining.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\nADVANTAGES\r\n\r\n \tManual effort is reduced.\r\n \tOperating time is less.\r\n \tCleaning and polishing can be done at same time.\r\n \tIt consumes less cleaning liquid.\r\n \tPower consumption is less.\r\n \tDesign is very simple.\r\n \tEasy fabrication.\r\n \tIt occupies less floor area.\r\n \tNet weight is less.\r\n \tMaintenance cost less.\r\n \tEasy control of cleaning solution supply.\r\n \tIt can be used in various floors.\r\n \tSmoother operation.\r\n \tBy further modification the drive or movement can be made automatic.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\nAPPLICATIONS\r\n\r\n \tDomestic purpose.\r\n \tHospitals.\r\n \tComputer centers.\r\n \tAuditoriums.\r\n \tCultural centers.\r\n \tSchools.\r\n \tColleges.\r\n \tLarge scale industries.\r\n \tMedium scale industries.\r\n \tTheatres.\r\n \tEducational institutions.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\nLIMITATIONS\r\n\r\n \tVibrations will be produced when used on rough floors or surfaces.\r\n \tThe washed surface has to be wiped out for thorough cleaning.","headline":"Fabrication of Mosaic Polishing Machine- Mechanical Project","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2017-11-11","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Fabrication-of-Mosaic-Polishing-Machine-300x173.png","height":173,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/involute-gear-profile-error-detector-mechanical-project/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/design-and-fabrication-of-involute-gear-profile-error-detector-300x173.png')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Involute Gear Profile Error Detector Mechanical project</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/involute-gear-profile-error-detector-mechanical-project/">Involute Gear Profile Error Detector Mechanical project</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Design and Fabrication of Involute Gear Profile Error Detector
SYNOPSIS
The primary aims of the project it to check the involute profile error by applying the basic principle of involute...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/involute-gear-profile-error-detector-mechanical-project/" aria-label="View Post: Involute Gear Profile Error Detector Mechanical project">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Involute Gear Profile Error Detector Mechanical project","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/involute-gear-profile-error-detector-mechanical-project\/","articleBody":"Design and Fabrication of Involute Gear Profile Error Detector\r\nSYNOPSIS\r\nThe primary aims of the project it to check the involute profile error by applying the basic principle of involute generation. Our effort doesn\u2019t end with checking the profile error. Behind this we have a great motive in fabricating are involved checker at a cheaper cost that call be easily affordable by a common manufacturer. Involute gear profile error detector Project is mini project mainly for diploma mechanical students.\r\nPROJECT PLANNING\r\nBefore starting, project planning is a very essential factor and it should be taken up with great care. As the efficiency of the whole project, largely depends upon its planning. While planning a project each and every detail should be worked out in anticipation and all the relative provisions should be carefully considered in advance.\r\nTHEME:\r\nWe have to think of a project whose outcome can be utilised effectively.\r\nCAPACITY:\r\nThe capacity of a project must be decided, considering the amount of money invested and availability of the material and the machine.\r\nINTRODUCTION\r\nThe most common devices like gears and other circular components in the world of Engineering, offering an elegant solution to the problem of effective power transmission and any other revolutionary projects.\r\nModern gear drives designs cost provides quick reliable services and high power intensities, which can be achieved only by raising the gears. Involute profile error in a gear and other circular components results in eccentricity which produces great voice and transmission error while meshing of gears and gear failure etc. Most of the machine designers do not have time and enough money to keep up with all the developments in the field of industry, manufacturing the circular components and gear shaped components for respecting. This made hardness for them to quickly design and deliver the precise components which will be competitive with the best that are being used in their field. The components are inspected by special inspection machines that are very costly that the small scale industries cannot afford to buy it. So we made a brave step in manufacturing such an involute profile inspection machine at a very low-cost that is early affordable and economical.\r\n\r\ndesign and fabrication of involute gear profile error detector\r\nWORKING PRINCIPLE\r\nSteps to be followed for the operation of the instrument:\r\n1. The components to be tested is taken and mounted on the Base circle and clamped to its top with the help of the cover bush.\r\n2. Then the shaft is screwed to hold the Base circle disc in position and then the strip is tightened such that there is no shake in the base circle disc.\r\n3. New the stylus is made to touch the profile of the component.\r\n4. The dial indicator is made to touch on the float because when the stylus reads an error in profile may lead to a deflection in the micro dial. Say, when there is an error in machining due to error, there will be deflection during rotation. This shows the deflection in the dial.\r\n5. Now the stylus is made to touch the profile it is pushed back when the pushing operation occurs the floats starts working.\r\n6. This movement causes the deflection in dial.\r\n7. The dial is held in position such that every single movement of the float should be viewed though the dial.\r\n8. The deflection in the dial shows the amount of error is the profile.\r\n9. Thus the error is any kind of circular components or the gears and the gear depth can also be found out using this \u201cInvolute gear Profile errors\u201d.\r\nADVANTAGES\r\nThe involute gear profile error has all abundant and outstanding advantage of this equipment in any circular like components can be tested with minimum knowledge about the operation of equipment is very limited time.\r\n\u2022 Low manufacturing cost of the equipment.\r\n\u2022 Easy to handle.\r\n\u2022 Less weight.\r\n\u2022 Compact in size.\r\n\u2022 Cost of checking the error is less.\r\n\u2022 Specified to all kinds of gear.\r\n\u2022 All kinds of circular components can the tested.\r\n\u2022 Even a lay man can work in it.\r\nAPPLICATIONS\r\n\u2022 Can be applied in gear manufacturing unit.\r\n\u2022 Used in automobile industry\r\n\u2022 Total error checking is done\r\n\u2022 Used in both small scale industries as well as the large scale industries\r\n\u2022 Its outcome can be utilised properly to a great executed in mechanical field as well as the automobile field.\r\nDISADVANTAGES\r\n\r\n \tThis machine applicable for only specific to spur gear\r\n \tThis machine doesn\u2019t up to industry level.","headline":"Involute Gear Profile Error Detector Mechanical project","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2017-11-07","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/design-and-fabrication-of-involute-gear-profile-error-detector-300x173.png","height":173,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/pneumatic-operated-double-hacksaw-mini-mechanical-project/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/pneumatic-operated-double-hacksaw-mechanical-project-300x169.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Pneumatic Operated Double Hacksaw Mini Mechanical project</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/pneumatic-operated-double-hacksaw-mini-mechanical-project/">Pneumatic Operated Double Hacksaw Mini Mechanical project</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Pneumatic Operated Double Hacksaw Mini Mechanical project
The objective of this work is to automate the conventional power hacksaw machine in order to achieve high productivity of work-pieces than...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/pneumatic-operated-double-hacksaw-mini-mechanical-project/" aria-label="View Post: Pneumatic Operated Double Hacksaw Mini Mechanical project">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Pneumatic Operated Double Hacksaw Mini Mechanical project","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/pneumatic-operated-double-hacksaw-mini-mechanical-project\/","articleBody":"Pneumatic Operated Double Hacksaw Mini Mechanical project\r\nThe objective of this work is to automate the conventional power hacksaw machine in order to achieve high productivity of work-pieces than the power hacksaw machine using pneumatic power. Pneumatic is a huge topic of science and engineering dealing with the mechanical properties of air.Pneumatic Operated Double Hacksaw mini mechanical project is low cost project.\r\n\r\nPneumatic Operated Double Hacksaw Mechanical Project\r\n\r\nIn our project we take this pneumatic and a hacksaw for cutting purpose, The pneumatic reciprocating high-speed hacksaw machine has an advantage of working in high pressure , the hacksaw used in this is reciprocate such that required shape can be cut according to the requirement. The hacksaw is the metal cutting machine tool designed to cut metal by applying pneumatic pressure. Hacksaws are used to cut thin and soft metals the operation of the unit is simplified to a few simple operations involving a cylinder block and piston arrangement. There are numerous systems in hacksaw machine.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n\r\nSubscribe to Our Channel : MechEngg.Net\u00a0\r\nADVANTAGES:\r\n\r\n \tThe cutting speed can be varied according to our needs by adjusting the timer.\r\n \tIt is portable.\r\n \tIt does not have any prime mover like electric motor.\r\n \tSimple in construction than mechanical hacksaw.\r\n \tIt is compact one.\r\n \tLess maintenance.\r\n\r\nLIMITATION:\r\n\r\n \tOnly smaller size and soft metal can be cut.\r\n \tIt is costlier than the mechanical hacksaw because of compressor unit.\r\n \tLess efficiency when compressor to mechanical device.\r\n \tLeakage of air affects the working of the unit.\r\n\r\nAPPLICATION:\r\n\r\n \tIt is used in small scale industries and in large scale industries.\r\n \tIt useful when materials need to be cut in hazardous areas such as oil &amp; gas refineries, chemical factories or oil rigs as well as dusty and wet environments where electric tools are not effective.\r\n \tIt is valuable tools in production environments such as pallet repair, shipbuilding or fiberglass workshops, because they will last longer than electric tools.","headline":"Pneumatic Operated Double Hacksaw Mini Mechanical project","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2017-11-06","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/pneumatic-operated-double-hacksaw-mechanical-project-300x169.jpg","height":169,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/design-and-fabrication-of-frictionless/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/flywheel-300x172.png')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Design and Fabrication of frictionless energy generation using flywheel for electric vehicles</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/design-and-fabrication-of-frictionless/">Design and Fabrication of frictionless energy generation using flywheel for electric vehicles</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Design and Fabrication of frictionless energy generation using flywheel for Electric vehicles
SYNOPSIS :  Energy is usually produced by non-renewable sources such as petrol, Kerosene and...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/design-and-fabrication-of-frictionless/" aria-label="View Post: Design and Fabrication of frictionless energy generation using flywheel for electric vehicles">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Design and Fabrication of frictionless energy generation using flywheel for electric vehicles","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/design-and-fabrication-of-frictionless\/","articleBody":"Design and Fabrication of frictionless energy generation using flywheel for Electric vehicles\r\nSYNOPSIS :\r\n\r\n\r\n \tEnergy is usually produced by non-renewable sources such as petrol, Kerosene and nuclear which unfortunately create pollution, this is the main reason the idea of producing energy for charging the Electric\u00a0car or electric vehicles for upcoming vehicles\r\n \tElectric vehicles are taking very important part in today's Indian and national market.\r\n \tGreen India clean India\r\n \tIndia aims to become 100% e-vehicle nation by 2020.\r\n \tDIESEL HAS TO DIE \u2013 THERE IS NO REVERSE GEAR ON THIS.\r\n \tfrictionless energy generation using flywheel is\u00a0 renewable .\r\n\r\nAIM of Project :\u00a0\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nlots of people worried about the battery running out for battery car what to do then ?\r\n\r\nMost mass market electric cars today have a range of 100-150 miles before the battery runs flat. Some of the top-end cars, such as Tesla\u2019s electric sports cars, can run for 334 miles before needing a plug socket,\r\njust imagine\u00a0you stopped your car for speed breaker and still your battery is charging here kinetic energy\u00a0we are using for the charging of vehicle battery\r\nFrictionless energy generation using flywheel ?\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n \t\r\nWhen the car or bike wheel shaft rotates it rotates the flywheel shaft which is\u00a0 connected\u00a0parallely with the help of freewheel sprocket and\u00a0chain\r\n \tAs the break apply or wheel stops ,here the flywheel takes a part still it rotates as its work to save energy,\r\n \twe are utilizing\u00a0this rotary\u00a0 energy of flywheel to generate electricity .\r\n \tby using\u00a0neodymium magnet-coil arrangement, there is no physical contact like dynamo with flywheel,\r\n \tjust small coin size magnets are placed on flywheel when Tyre rotates with flywheel\u00a0Neodymium magnet will start rotating coil is steady. So here e.m.f is produce from magnet and coil arrangement. By this way power will generate and store it into batteries .\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n3D model\u00a0Frictionless energy generation using flywheel\u00a0\r\n\r\n\r\nDesign and Fabrication of frictionless energy generation using flywheel for electric vehicle\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nADVANTAGES\r\n\u00a01.\u00a0Save energy\r\n\r\nFlywheel is used in this project due to which kinetic energy is saved while braking the electric CAR\r\n2. Reduce friction\r\nGear mechanism is not used in this project due to which friction is reduced.\r\n3. No air and environment pollution\r\nNo fuel is required to run this project due to which no exhaust of pollutants take place.\r\n4.Easy power generation\r\n5. Helpful\u00a0for upcoming\u00a0electric\u00a0vehicles\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nApplication:\r\n\r\n \t\u00a0Electric cars bike\u00a0\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nBuy This Project\/other or Check Inquiry\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nDealer Name :\u00a0Mr. HITESH ,\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nPhone\/Whatsapp :\u00a007276808426.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nEmail ID:\u00a0\u00a0mr.425425@gmail.com","headline":"Design and Fabrication of frictionless energy generation using flywheel for electric vehicles","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2017-10-15","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/flywheel-300x172.png","height":172,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/classification-of-gauges-used-in/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/classificationofgaugesinmetrology-300x223.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Gauges in Metrology &#8211; Types, Diagram, Material, Design, Gauge Tolerance</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/classification-of-gauges-used-in/">Gauges in Metrology &#8211; Types, Diagram, Material, Design, Gauge Tolerance</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Gauges in Metrology  In mass production, where a large number of similar components are manufactured on an interchangeable basis, measuring the dimensions of each part will be a time-consuming...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/classification-of-gauges-used-in/" aria-label="View Post: Gauges in Metrology &#8211; Types, Diagram, Material, Design, Gauge Tolerance">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Gauges in Metrology &#8211; Types, Diagram, Material, Design, Gauge Tolerance","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/classification-of-gauges-used-in\/","articleBody":"Gauges in Metrology\r\n\r\n \tIn mass production, where a large number of similar components are manufactured on an interchangeable basis, measuring the dimensions of each part will be a time-consuming and expensive exercise.\r\n \tGauges are one of the most commonly used inspection tools in production shops for quick checking and validation of the dimensions of manufactured parts. Gauging has become an integral part of any machining process as they help in ensuring the required degree of interchangeability among the millions of parts manufactured all over the world.\r\n \tTherefore, in mass production, gauges can be used to check for the compliance of the limits of the part with the permissive tolerance limits, instead of measuring the actual dimensions.\r\n \tLimit gauges ensure that the components lie within the permissible limits, but they do not determine the actual size or dimensions.\r\n \tThe gauges required to check the dimensions of the components correspond to two sizes conforming to the maximum and minimum limits of the components. They are called GO gauges and NO GO (or NOT GO) gauges, which correspond, respectively, to the MML and LML of the component.\r\n \tMML is the lower limit of a hole and higher limit of the shaft and LML corresponds to the higher limit of a hole and lower limit of the shaft.\r\n\r\nPurpose of using gauges:\r\n\r\n \tComponents are manufactured as per the specified tolerance limits, upper limit and lower limit. The dimension of each component should be within this upper and lower limit.\r\n \tIf the dimensions are outside these limits, the components will be rejected.\r\n \tIf we use any measuring instruments to check these dimensions, the process will consume more time. Still, we are not interested in knowing the amount of error in dimensions.\r\n \tIt is just enough whether the size of the component is within the prescribed limits or not. For this purpose, we can make use of gauges known as limit gauges.\r\n\r\nTypes Of Gauges :\r\nGauges are classified as follows:\r\n\r\n1. Plain gauges\r\n\r\n(i) According to type\r\n\r\n(a) Standard gauges (An exact copy mating part)\r\n(b) Limit gauges (Made to the limits of the dimensions)\r\n\r\n(ii) According to purpose\r\n\r\n(a) Workshop gauges - Workshop gauges for checking dimensions after manufacture.\r\n(b) Inspection gauges - Inspection gauges for checking parts before final acceptance\r\n(c) Reference, or master or control gauges\r\n(d) Purchase inspection gauges for checking parts of other factories\r\n\r\n(iii) According to the geometry of the tested surface\r\n\r\n(a) Plug gauges for checking holes\r\n(b) Snap and ring gauges for checking shafts\r\n\r\n(iv) According to design\r\n\r\n(a) Single circuit and double limit gauges\r\n(b) Single-ended and double-ended gauges\r\n(c) Fixed and adjustable gauges\r\n\r\n2. Adjustable-type gap gauges.\r\n\r\n3. Miscellaneous Gauges\r\n\r\n(a) Combined - limit gauges\r\n(b) Position gauges\r\n(c) Contour gauges\r\n(d) Receiver gauges\r\n(e) Taper gauges\r\n(f) Feeler gauges\r\n\r\nStandard Gauges\r\n\r\nStandard gauges are made to the nominal size of the part to be tested and have the measuring member equal in size to the mean permissible dimension of the part to be checked. A standard-gauge should mate with some snugness.\r\nLimit Gauges :\u00a0\r\n\r\n \tLimit gauges are inspection tools of rigid design, without a scale, which serve to check the dimensions of manufactured parts.\r\n \tLimit gauges do not determine the actual value of the inspected dimensions of a part but indicate whether the part dimensions are manufactured within the limits specified.\r\n \tThese gauges are used in the inspection of interchangeable parts. Usually, two gauges of hardened steel are provided for each dimension to be tested.\r\n \tA \u2018Go\u2019 gauge should pass over or through a correct feature. It checks the maximum material condition of the part.\r\n \tA \u2018No Go\u2019 gauge should not pass over or through a correct feature. It checks the minimum material condition of the part.\r\n\r\nThe general types of limit gauges are\r\n\r\n \tPlug Gauges \u2013 For checking internal dimensions.\r\n \tSnap Gauges and Ring Gauges - For checking external dimensions.\r\n\r\n\r\n \tSolid Gauges - The gauges in which the handle is an integral part of the gauging portion or if the whole gauge is machined from a single piece of metal, they are called as solid gauges.\r\n \tRenewable end gauges - If the handle is manufactured separately and engaged with the gauging portion by means of a suitable locking device, then such gauges are called renewable end gauges.\r\n \tSingle-ended gauges - If only a single gauge (either Go or \u2018No Go\u2019 gauge) is on one handle, then it is called single-ended gauge.\r\n \tDouble-ended Gauge: If both \u2018Go\u2019 and \u2018No Go\u2019 are combined on one handle on either side, it is called a double-ended gauge.\r\n \tProgressive Guage - A single-ended plain plug gauge with one gauging member having two diameters of the \u2018Go\u2019 and \u2018No Go\u2019 respectively is called the progressive gauge.\r\n\r\nPlug Gauge :\u00a0\r\nPlug gauges are of the cylindrical form used in the manner of a plug for inspecting internal dimensions.\r\nA plain plug gauge is used to check the size of a hole. The gauging portion is made of suitable wear-resisting steel and hardened, ground and lapped. For heavy plug gauges, the handle may be made up of light metal alloys and for smaller plug gauges, suitable nonmetallic handles may be provided.\r\n\r\nplug gauge Diagram\r\n\r\nVarious types of plain plug gauges like solid type, taper inserted type, fastened type, flat type, and segmental type are available for holes ranging from smaller to bigger sizes.\r\nRing Gauge :\u00a0\r\nPlain ring gauge is a couple of gauges (\u2018Go\u2019 gauge and \u2018No Go\u2019 gauge) having a measurement side with the maximum and minimum limit deviation of the shaft to assure the interchangeability of the shaft.\r\n\r\nThe gauges are made up of suitable wear-resisting steel and the gauging surfaces are first stabilized, then ground and lapped.\r\n\r\nRing gauge diagram\r\n\r\nThe other surfaces are finished smooth and a suitable anti-corrosive coating is applied to protect against climatic conditions. The periphery of the ring gauge is knurled to provide grip while handling.\r\nSnap (or) Gap Gauges :\r\nA snap gauge is a limit gauge, having a C-shaped frame with hardened, adjustable anvils at opposite ends, used to check diameters, lengths, and thicknesses.\r\nTypes of snap Gauges :\r\n(a) Rib type snap gauge\r\n\r\n(i) Double-ended snap gauge:\r\n(ii) Single-ended progressive type:\r\n\r\n(b) Plate Snap Gauges\r\n\r\n(i) Double-ended type\r\n(ii) Single-ended progressive type:\r\n\r\n(a) Rib type snap gauge\r\n(i) Double-ended snap gauge: \r\nThis gauge is also called a solid snap gauge. The solid snap gauge is machined and ground out of a single block of metal in the form of\r\na \u2018C\u2019 on either side. On one side is the \u2018Go\u2019 gauge made to the upper limit and the other side in the \u2018No Go\u2019 gauge made to the lower limit of the dimension. These gauges are conveniently used for inspecting sizes in the range of 3 mm to 100 mm.\r\n\r\nsnap gauge diagram\r\n(ii) Single-ended progressive type: \r\nIn this type of snap gauge, both the apertures i.e \u2018Go\u2019 and \u2018No Go\u2019 are on the same side and are arranged such that the part being measured can pass through them in sequence. The part, if within tolerance, will pass through the \u2018Go\u2019 aperture (upper limit) (lower end) but will not pass through the \u2018No Go\u2019 aperture (lower or minimum size limit) (upper end). These gauges are suitable for sizes ranging from 100 to 250 mm.\r\n\r\nsingle-ended snap gauge\r\n(b) Plate Snap Gauges\r\nThese gauges are made up of suitable quality wear-resistant steel plates. The gauging surfaces are hardened, stabilized, ground, and lapped. The other surfaces are finished smooth and all sharp corners and edges are removed.\r\n\r\nplate type double-ended snap gauge\r\n(i) Double-ended type:\r\nIn this type both \u2018Go\u2019 and \u2018No Go\u2019 gauges are on either side of the same plate. These are used for sizes ranging from 2 mm to 100 mm. A double-ended\u00a0type plate snap gauge is shown in Fig\r\n(ii) Single-ended progressive type: \r\nHere both \u2018Go\u2019 and \u2018No Go\u2019 are on the same side of the plate. On the other side is provided a pad of suitable non conducting material for convenient handling. These gauges are used for sizes ranging from 100 mm to 250 mm. A single-ended progressive type plate snap gauge is shown in Fig\r\nAdjustable Type Gap Gauges:\u00a0\r\nThe adjustable type gap (or) snap gauges are in the form of a horse-shoe frame with their gauging anvils adjustable. The anvils are adjusted by means of independent and fixedly threaded screws. The aperture gap is set to the required limit by means of slip gauges and the screws are locked in position. Adjustable snap gauges can be reset to compensate for wear or re-tasked for measuring a different dimension. They offer the flexibility of building up our own gauge within any size in the specified range. It is preferred where the number of components to be inspected is less but the variety of sizes to be inspected is more.\r\n\r\nadjustable snap gauge\r\nMiscellaneous Gauges :\u00a0\r\nCombined Limit Gauge\r\nA single plug gauge used for inspecting both the upper and lower limits of cylindrical holes is called a combined limit gauge.\r\n\r\ncombined gauge\r\nPosition Gauge\r\nA position gauge is used to check the position of a feature on the part in relation to another reference point or surface. The shape and design of a position gauge depend upon the feature to be checked. Position gauge design can be based either on the feel of the operator or on the principle of the sighting. When in contact with the \u2018Go\u2019 side, no light will pass between the reference surface and gauge surface, and when in contact with the \u2018No Go\u2019 side, the light will pass.\r\n\r\nposition gauge\r\nContour Gauges\r\nContour gauges are also called as profile gauges used for checking the dimensional accuracy and cross-sectional shape of a surface. These gauges are made of similar profile as that of the work. \r\n\r\nA contour gauge consists of a set of pins (made of steel or plastic) held together tightly in a frame such that they are parallel to each other and in the same plane. So, when the gauge is pressed against an object, the pins which are free to move independently conform to the shape of the object. Now, the gauge can be used to draw the profile or copy it onto another surface.\r\n\r\nExamples of simple contour gauges are radius gauges for gear tooth profiles, form tool profiles, thread pitches, etc.\r\nTaper Gauge :\u00a0\r\n\r\n \tTaper plug gauges are used to check tapered holes. It has two check lines. One is a GO line and another is a NOGO line.\r\n \tDuring the checking of work, NOGO line remains outside the hole and GO line remains inside the hole.\r\n \tThey are various types of taper plug gauges are available as shown in fig. Such as\r\n1) Taper plug gauge \u2014plain\r\n2) Taper plug gauge \u2014tanged.\r\n3) Taper ring gauge plain\r\n4) Taper ring gauge \u2014tanged.\r\n\r\ntaper gauge diagram\r\nThread Gauge :\u00a0\r\n\r\n \tThreads are checked with the help of thread gauges.\r\n \tFor checking internal threads, (nuts, bushes) plug thread gauges are used. Similarly, ring thread gauges are used for checking external threads (bolts, screw s).\r\n\r\nthread gauge\r\nForm Gauges :\u00a0\r\n\r\n \tForm gauges may be used to check the contour of a profile of a workpiece.\r\n \tForm gauges are nothing but template gauges made of sheet steel.\r\n \tA profile gauges may contain two outlines which indicate the limits of a profile\r\n\r\nform gauge diagram\r\nScrew Pitch Gauge :\u00a0\r\n\r\n \tScrew pitch gauges are used to check the pitch of the thread immediately. It is very much the everyday tools used to pick out a required screw.\r\n \tThe number of flat blades with different pitches is pivoted in a holder. The pitch value is marked on each blade.\r\n\r\nRadius and Fillet Gauges\u00a0 :\u00a0\r\n\r\n \tThe radius of curvature can he measure by using these gauges. The radius may be either outer or inner radius.\r\n \tAccording to the type of radius to be measured, the end of the blade is made to either concave or convex profile.\r\n\r\nFeeler Gauge :\u00a0\r\n\r\n \tFeeler gauges are used for checking the clearance between mating surfaces.\r\n \tThey are mainly used in adjusting the valve clearance in automobiles.\r\n \tThey are made from 0.03to 1.0mm thick of 100mm long. The blades are pivoted in a holder.\r\n\r\nFeeler-Gauge\r\nWIRE Gauge : \r\nWire gauge is using to measure the width of the sheets and the diameter of the wires. It is accessible in the shape of plates. Slots of dissimilar of sizes are available on a plate to measure the preferred thickness or dia. These slots former numbered it is available as of gauge 1 to 30. Sheets and wire which is to be calculated passes during these slots and it is checked that it would not be movable and together of its that must touch the slot. Currently, the number on the slot is its gauge figure.\r\n\r\nwire gauge\r\nPin Gauge :\u00a0\r\nThis gauge is the diameter of large bores which cannot be simply measured by micrometer or vernier and so on., can be measured by means of a pin by spherical ends, the length of which is slightly less than the micrometer to be measured the pin is located in the bore by its ends in\r\ncontact in the bore surface, its axis so being a chord of the circle. Keep one end in contact by the bore surface, the other end is brought crossways to make contact at the other side. The distance among the two points of contact is measured and as of this dimension and the length of the pin gauge, the diameter of the bore is determined.\r\nPoints to be remembered for Gauge Design\r\n\r\n \t\u00a0The form of the \u2018Go\u2019 gauges should be a replica of the form of the mating parts.\r\n \t\u2018Go\u2019 gauges should enable several related dimensions to be checked simultaneously.\r\n \tDuring the inspection, Go gauges must always be put into conditions of maximum impassibility.\r\n \t\u2018No Go\u2019 gauges are for checking a single element of the feature at a time.\r\n \t\u2018No Go\u2019 gauges must always be put into conditions of maximum passibility during the inspection.\r\n\r\nMaterial for Gauges\r\nThe material used to manufacture gauges should satisfy the following requirements:\r\n1. The material used in the manufacture of gauges should be hard and wear-resistant for prolonged life.\r\n2. It should be capable of maintaining dimensional stability and form.\r\n3. It should be corrosion resistant.\r\n4. It should be easily machinable, in order to obtain the required degree of accuracy and surface finish.\r\n5. It should have a low coefficient of expansion, in order to avoid temperature effect.\r\n\r\nHigh-carbon steel\r\n\r\n \tIt is the most suitable and inexpensive material used for manufacturing gauges.\r\n \tIt can be heat treated suitably to provide stability and high hardness.\r\n \tIt can easily be machined to a high degree of accuracy.\r\n\r\nMild steel\r\n\r\n \tMild steel gauges are the most suitable for larger gauges.\r\n \tThey are suitably heat-treated by carburizing to the required depth and then case hardened on their working surfaces to allow for final grinding and finishing.\r\n \tAfter hardening, internal stresses are relieved to improve stability. \r\n\r\nChromium-plated gauges\r\n\r\n \tChromium-plated gauges are very popular and extensively used for gauging.\r\n \tChromium plating makes the surface of the gauge very hard, and resistant to abrasion and corrosion\r\n \tIt is also very useful in reclaiming worn-out gauges. For gauging aluminum or other materials having an abrasive action, chromium-plated gauges are extensively used.\r\n\r\nGlass\r\n\r\n \tGlass gauges are not very popular although they have good wear and corrosion resistance properties.\r\n \tThe problem with these gauges is that they either get damaged or are easily broken if dropped.\r\n \tThey are not affected by changes in temperature and have a very low coefficient of thermal expansion.\r\n\r\nInvar\r\n\r\n \tAlthough Invar, which contains 36% of nickel, has a low coefficient of expansion, it is not suitable over a long period.\r\n\r\nElinvar\r\n\r\n \tElinvar has 42% of nickel, is more stable than Invar, and also has a low coefficient of expansion.\r\n\r\nGauge Tolerance (Gauge Maker\u2019s Tolerance)\r\n\r\n \tGauges, like any other component, cannot be manufactured to their exact size or dimensions.\r\n \tIn order to accommodate these dimensional variations, which arise due to the limitations of the manufacturing process, the skill of the operator, etc., some tolerance must be allowed in the manufacture of gauges.\r\n \tThus, the tolerance that is allowed in the manufacture of gauges is termed gauge maker\u2019s tolerance or simply gauge tolerance.\r\n \tThe normal practice is to take gauge tolerance as 10% of the work tolerance.\r\n\r\nWear allowance\r\n\r\n \tDuring the inspection, the NOT GO side should not enter or pass.\r\n \tThe NOT GO gauge engages fully with the work and therefore does not undergo any wear. Hence, there is no need to provide an allowance for wear in case of NOT GO gauges.\r\n \tThe GO side of the gauge should enter the hole or just pass over the shaft under the weight of the gauge without using undue force.\r\n \tDuring the inspection, the measuring surfaces of the gauge constantly rub against the mating surfaces of the workpiece. Therefore, the GO gauges suffer wear on the measuring surfaces and thus lose their initial dimension. Hence, wear allowance is provided for GO gauges to extend their service life.\r\n \tThe wear allowance provided for the GO gauge is added in a direction opposite to wear. This allowance is added in for a plug gauge while subtracted for a ring or gap gauge.\r\n \tA wear allowance of 10% of gauge tolerance is widely accepted in industries.\r\n\r\nApplication Of Gauges :\u00a0\r\n1.Thread gauges\r\n2.Form gauges\r\n3.Serew pitch gauges\r\n4. Radius and fillet gauges\r\n5. Feeler gauges\r\n6. Plate gauge and Wire gauge","headline":"Gauges in Metrology &#8211; Types, Diagram, Material, Design, Gauge Tolerance","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2017-10-13","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"June 9, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/classificationofgaugesinmetrology-300x223.jpg","height":223,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <nav class="pagination-wrapper" aria-label="article pagination"> <a class="prev page-numbers" href="?page_num=219">&laquo; PREV</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=1"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>1</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">&hellip;</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=218"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>218</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=219"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>219</a> <span aria-current="page" class="page-numbers current"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>220</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=221"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>221</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=222"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>222</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">&hellip;</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=338"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>338</a> <a class="next page-numbers" href="?page_num=221">NEXT &raquo;</a></nav></section></main><aside id="secondary" class="widget-area"><div class="about-wrapper"><h2 class="widget-title" style="background: #d693c6; color: #ff392e">About Us</h2><div class="about-image" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Sachin-Thorat-300x300-min.png')"></div><p class="about-copy">LearnMech.Com is a Mechanical Project-oriented platform run by Sachin Thorat who is a B-Tech Graduate in Mechanical Engineering. 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