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Material</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Elastic Constants and Their Relationship -Strength Of Material
Different types of stresses and their corresponding strains within elastic limit are related which are referred to as elastic...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/elastic-constants-relationship-strength-material/" aria-label="View Post: Elastic Constants and Their Relationship -Strength Of Material">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Elastic Constants and Their Relationship -Strength Of Material","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/elastic-constants-relationship-strength-material\/","articleBody":"Elastic Constants and Their Relationship -Strength Of Material\r\nDifferent types of stresses and their corresponding strains within elastic limit are related which are referred to as elastic constants.\r\n The three types of elastic constants are:\r\n\r\n \tModulus of elasticity or Young\u2019s modulus (E),\r\n \tBulk modulus (K) and\r\n \tModulus of rigidity or shear modulus (M, C or G).\r\n\r\nSpecifying how stress and strain are to be measured, including directions, allows for many types of elastic moduli to be defined. The three primary ones are:\r\n\r\n \tYoung's modulus (E) describes tensile elasticity, or the tendency of an object to deform along an axis when opposing forces are applied along that axis; it is defined as the ratio of tensile stress to tensile strain. It is often referred to simply as the elastic modulus.\r\n \tThe shear modulus or modulus of rigidity (G ) describes an object's tendency to shear (the deformation of shape at constant volume) when acted upon by opposing forces; it is defined as shear stress over shear strain. The shear modulus is part of the derivation of viscosity.\r\n \tThe bulk modulus (K) describes volumetric elasticity, or the tendency of an object to deform in all directions when uniformly loaded in all directions; it is defined as volumetric stress over volumetric strain, and is the inverse of compressibility. The bulk modulus is an extension of Young's modulus to three dimensions.\r\n\r\nWithin elastic limit the stress is directly proportional to strain. This is the statement of Hooke\u2019s law and is true for direct (tensile or compressive) stress and strain as well as for shearing (including torsional shearing) stress and strain. The ratio of direct stress to direct strain is defined as modulus of elasticity (E) and the ratio of shearing stress and shearing strain is defined as modulus of rigidity (G). Both the moduli are called elastic constants. For isotropic material E and G are related with Poisson\u2019s ratio\r\n\r\nElastic Constants and Their Relationship\r\n\r\nPoisson\u2019s ratio which is the ratio of transverse to longitudinal strains (only magnitude) in tensile test specimen is yet another elastic constant. If stress acts in three directions at a point it is called volumetric stress and produces volumetric strain. The ratio of volumetric stress to volumetric strain according to Hooke\u2019s law is a constant, called bulk modulus and denoted by K. It is important to remember that out of four elastic constants, for an isotropic material only two are independent and other two are dependent. Thus K can also be expressed as function of any two constants.\r\n\r\nIt may be understood that elastic constants E and G are not determined from tension or torsion test because the machines for these tests undergo adjustment of clearance and also some deformation, which is reflected in diagram ordinarily. The constants are determined from such devices, which show large deformation for comparatively smaller load.\r\n\r\nFor example, E is determined by measuring deflection of a beam under a central load and G is determined by measuring deflection of a close-coiled helical spring under","headline":"Elastic Constants and Their Relationship -Strength Of Material","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-03-14","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Elastic-Constants-and-Their-Relationship-291x300.jpg","height":300,"width":291},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/design-fabrication-rotary-drum-filter-mechanical-project/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/rotary-drum-filter-mechancial-project-300x232.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Design and Fabrication Of Rotary Drum Filter Mechanical project</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/design-fabrication-rotary-drum-filter-mechanical-project/">Design and Fabrication Of Rotary Drum Filter Mechanical project</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Design and Fabrication Of Rotary Drum Filter Mechanical project
The most common type of continuous vacuum filter is the rotary drum filter in which liquor is sucked through a moving septum to...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/design-fabrication-rotary-drum-filter-mechanical-project/" aria-label="View Post: Design and Fabrication Of Rotary Drum Filter Mechanical project">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Design and Fabrication Of Rotary Drum Filter Mechanical project","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/design-fabrication-rotary-drum-filter-mechanical-project\/","articleBody":"Design and Fabrication Of Rotary Drum Filter Mechanical project\r\nThe most common type of continuous vacuum filter is the rotary drum filter in which liquor is sucked through a moving septum to deposit a cake of solids. The cake is moved out of the filtering zone, washed, sucked dry and dislodged from the septum.\r\n\r\nConstruction:\r\nIt is consisting on a sheet metal drum. The diameter of drum ranges from 1 to 10 feet. This drum is carried on moving system. A vacuum system is also attached, so that, during filtration whole drum work under vacuum. The surface of the drum is the divided into different section by stripes.\r\n\r\ni- Cake formation zone\r\nii- Washing zone\r\niii- Drying zone\r\niv- Cake removal zone\r\n\r\nThese steps are parallel to the axis of drum and welded to the shell. Filter medium is hold by metal strips on drum and covered by filter cloth.\r\nIn each section there are many pipes which open inside the cover plates. The side cover plate. There is also a stationary valve plate through which connection are made to the filtrate receiver. For compressed air and wash water connection vale are also given.\r\nAfter washing, to remove the cake \u201cDoctor knife\u201d is provided. Doctor knife remove only the cake of from septum and does not damage the pre-coated layer of filter aid.\r\n\r\nrotary drum filter mechanical project\r\n\r\nWorking of Rotary Drum Filter :\r\n\r\nBefore filtration rotary drum filter is dip in tank of filter aid for pre-coating purpose. Commonly is pre-coated up 3\u201d to 5\u201d by diatomaceous earth, perlite or purified wood cellulose. After that drum is rotated in slurry tank at a speed of 1 to 2 rpm. 1\/3 of drum is dip in slurry tank, vacuum is applied through a valve and filtration is started.\r\nA layer solid builds in the form of cake on the surface of panel (filter cloth) in cake formation zone and filtrate pass through pipes and goes to vacuum receiver and collected in tank.\r\n\r\nAs, the panel leave the cake formation zone it enters to washing zone and in which water is sprayed on cake to extract all filtrate from cake and it sent to wash vacuum receiver. And panel\u00a0enters to drying zone. In this section high vacuum is applied and all filtrate is sucked and cake is obtained in completely dried form.\r\nNow this panel is moved to cake removal zone in which doctor knife remove dried cake from filter cloth without damaging the filter cloth. After that this panel again enter to cake formation zone for continuous filtration and cycle is repeated.\r\n\r\nApplications Of Rotary Drum Filters :\r\n\r\n \tThese filter are developed to overcome large problem of filter press and leaf filter. It is very versatile filter.\r\n \tIt is used generally for those operation in which the volume is very large, where process is continuous and where is labor cost must be\r\nkept downs. It is used where colloidal particles.\r\n \tIt is used for production of wallboard from gypsum.\r\n\r\nLimitations Of Rotary Drum Filters :\r\n\r\n \tIt cannot be used for mixture of colloidal and coarse particles.\r\n \tIt must be used continuously.","headline":"Design and Fabrication Of Rotary Drum Filter Mechanical project","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-03-14","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/rotary-drum-filter-mechancial-project-300x232.jpg","height":232,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/5-lean-manufacturing-principles-engineers-know/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/lean-manufacturing-principles-300x150.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to 5 Lean Manufacturing Principles Engineers Should Know</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/5-lean-manufacturing-principles-engineers-know/">5 Lean Manufacturing Principles Engineers Should Know</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>5 Lean Manufacturing Principles Engineers Should Know
Lean manufacturing is a production viewpoint that considers the outlay of resources for any target other than the creation of value for the...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/5-lean-manufacturing-principles-engineers-know/" aria-label="View Post: 5 Lean Manufacturing Principles Engineers Should Know">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"5 Lean Manufacturing Principles Engineers Should Know","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/5-lean-manufacturing-principles-engineers-know\/","articleBody":"5 Lean Manufacturing Principles Engineers Should Know\r\nLean manufacturing is a production viewpoint that considers the outlay of resources for any target other than the creation of value for the customer to be wasteful. Essentially, lean manufacturing means removing inefficiencies in the production process: unnecessary work, unevenness in production, maintenance issues and so on. By removing\/reducing these non-value-adding processes, companies can focus more resources on value adding process and to spend more time on improving operational performance.\r\n\r\nLean manufacturing is mostly understood from the examples Henry Ford applied to the manufacturing sector. He applied Just-In-Time (JIT) manufacturing for car production that focused on reducing the carrying costs of inventory by eliminating as much inventory as possible. The modern principles of lean manufacturing are derived from the Toyota Production Systems. Toyota\u2019s philosophy focuses on eliminating three types of inefficiency: non-value-adding work, overburdening of workers and unevenness in productivity. In other industries Lean methodology can be applied to identify sources of waste and eliminate them by establishing clear best practices.\r\n\r\nlean manufacturing principles\r\n\r\nRead More :\u00a0Lean Manufacturing Definition-Lean Manufacturing Principles\r\nLean Principles :\u00a0\r\n1) Voice of the Customer\r\nIdentify who your customer is and identify value from their perspective. Typically, a value\u2010added activity must meet three criteria:\r\n\r\n \tit is something the customer would be willing to pay for, if they had to\r\n \tit is something \u201cphysical\u201d done to change the product or service\r\n \tit is something done correctly the first time, without need for re\u2010work\r\n\r\n2) Understand your Process\r\nProcess mapping allows you to have a picture of your process so you can begin making improvements. Without it, it is difficult to have transparency and see where the problems are. It also helps the team gain an understanding of everyone\u2019s role in the process. There are five different types of process maps\u2014you do not need to do all of them, just the ones that help you understand the process.\r\n\r\n3) Create Flow\r\nA process \u201cflows\u201d from person to person, department to department, or facility to facility . Flow is about moving people or product through a service process\u2014one at a time, without stopping or waiting.\r\n\r\n4) Establish Pull\r\nMany of our processes are pushed or \u201cgiven\u201d to the next user. This creates many forms of waste in many cases the next area or person may not be ready causing inventory and backlogs. This is the very reason we have so many waiting rooms or holding areas. Having a system of pull means you only supply what the customer wants, when they want it.\r\n\r\n5) Pursue Excellence\r\nLean thinking is rooted in the continuous quality improvement philosophy. Lean is not a one\u2010time event but rather a journey to continually improve our processes and always strive to supply the customer with value, from their perspective.","headline":"5 Lean Manufacturing Principles Engineers Should Know","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-03-13","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/lean-manufacturing-principles-300x150.jpg","height":150,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/ergonomics-design-ergonomics-important/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/ergonomically-designed-workstations-300x191.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to What is Ergonomics Design ? why Ergonomics Is Important</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/ergonomics-design-ergonomics-important/">What is Ergonomics Design ? why Ergonomics Is Important</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>What is Ergonomics Design ? Why Ergonomics Is Important
Introduction To Ergonomics :
All products are designed to be used by human beings, thus the size of all such products are based...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/ergonomics-design-ergonomics-important/" aria-label="View Post: What is Ergonomics Design ? why Ergonomics Is Important">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"What is Ergonomics Design ? why Ergonomics Is Important","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/ergonomics-design-ergonomics-important\/","articleBody":"What is Ergonomics Design ? Why Ergonomics Is Important\r\nIntroduction To Ergonomics :\r\nAll products are designed to be used by human beings, thus the size of all such products are based on\u00a0Anthropometric\u00a0data. \u2018Anthropo\u2019 means human and \u2018metrics\u2019 means the measurement, and therefore anthropometric data dictates what the dimensions of a product should be so that it can be easily used by 95 percentile of the human population.\r\nIf a product is to be used for long periods of time, repeatedly then \u2018shape\u2019 and \u2018feel\u2019 of the product becomes as important - if not more - than its\u00a0size, and this is where \u2018Ergonomics\u2019 comes in. Ergonomics is a much more recent field of study as compared to anthropometry but it is gaining more and more importance in all kinds of design these days.\r\nIf we take an example of a chair this becomes easier to understand. Chairs are used for various purposes and on the whole the dimensions of a chair do not drastically vary with a change in its usage, overall the dimensions of a dining chair are quite similar to a office chair. But the amount of time that we spend sitting on these chairs has a very big impact on the shape and feel of these chairs. A dining chair is a pretty simple piece of furniture because we spend not more than half an hour to an hour in them at a time, an office chair on the other hand is a very complicated design because we are spending 8 to 10 hours in that chair daily. Therefore, the office chair is much more ergonomically designed, its back is designed to give you maximum support, all ts surfaces are cushioned, you can adjust the heights of its seat and armrests and the tilt of its back support.\r\n\r\nDefine ergonomics in design\r\nErgonomics is the process of designing or arranging workplaces, products and systems so that they fit the people who use them.\r\n\r\nMost people have heard of ergonomics and think it is something to do with seating or with the design of car controls and instruments \u2013 and it is\u2026 but it is so much more. Ergonomics applies to the design of anything that involves people \u2013 workspaces, sports and leisure, health and safety.\r\n\r\nErgonomics (or \u2018human factors\u2019 as it is referred to in North America) is a branch of science that aims to learn about human abilities and limitations, and then apply this learning to improve people\u2019s interaction with products, systems and environments.\r\n\r\nErgonomically designed workstations\r\n\r\nWhy is Ergonomics important?\r\n\r\nIn the workplace: According to Safe Work Australia, the total economic cost of work-related injuries and illnesses is estimated to be $60 billion dollars. Recent research has shown that lower back pain is the world\u2019s most common work-related disability \u2013 affecting employees from offices, building sites and in the highest risk category, agriculture.\r\n\r\nErgonomics aims to create safe, comfortable and productive workspaces by bringing human abilities and limitations into the design of a workspace, including the individual\u2019s body size, strength, skill, speed, sensory abilities (vision, hearing), and even attitudes.\r\n\r\nIn the greater population: The number of people in Australia aged 75 and over is forecast to double over the next 50 years. With this, equipment, services and systems will need to be designed to accommodate the increasing needs of the ageing population, applying to public transport, building facilities, and living spaces.\r\nErgonomics is mainly classified into 3 parts namely -\r\nPhysical Ergonomics - It mainly concerns with human anatomy.\r\n\r\nCognitive Ergonomics - It concerns with mental processes.\r\n\r\nOrganisational Ergonomics - It concerns with optimization of socio-technical systems.\r\n\r\nSo while designing any workplace or an equipment or a device, ergonomics needs to be taken into account in order to make the system safer and more efficient because of effective interaction between the other elements of the system and the user.","headline":"What is Ergonomics Design ? why Ergonomics Is Important","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-03-13","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/ergonomically-designed-workstations-300x191.jpg","height":191,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/retaining-rings-circlip-types-retaining-rings/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/circlips-300x200.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Retaining rings (Circlip) &#8211; Types Of Retaining Rings</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/retaining-rings-circlip-types-retaining-rings/">Retaining rings (Circlip) &#8211; Types Of Retaining Rings</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Retaining rings (Circlip) - Types Of Retaining Rings
What is Retaining rings : 
Retaining rings are engineered components used to hold many types of assemblies together. They are precision...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/retaining-rings-circlip-types-retaining-rings/" aria-label="View Post: Retaining rings (Circlip) &#8211; Types Of Retaining Rings">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Retaining rings (Circlip) &#8211; Types Of Retaining Rings","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/retaining-rings-circlip-types-retaining-rings\/","articleBody":"Retaining rings (Circlip) - Types Of Retaining Rings\r\nWhat is Retaining rings :\u00a0\r\nRetaining rings are engineered components used to hold many types of assemblies together. They are precision engineered to accurately position, locate and retain parts on shafts or in bores. The rings are installed into a groove, and all the other components of the assembly sit against and are retained by the ring.\r\n\r\nA retaining ring is a fastener that holds components or assemblies onto a shaft or in a housing\/bore when installed in a groove. Once installed, the exposed portion acts as a shoulder which retains the specific component or assembly. Circlips are a type of retaining ring.\r\n\r\nSelf-locking retaining rings may be installed in applications where there is no groove.\r\n\r\nRetaining rings are typically made from carbon steel, stainless steel or beryllium copper and may feature a variety of finishes for corrosion protection depending on the type of environment in which they are used.\r\n\r\nRetaining Rings\r\n\r\nMaterial Used For Retaining Rings :\r\n\r\nStandard materials for retaining rings include carbon steel, carbon spring steel, 302 stainless steel, and 316 stainless steel. Other available materials include phosphor bronze, beryllium copper, Inconel, Elgiloy, Hastelloy, and more.\r\nTypes Of Retaining Rings :\r\nThere are three main types of retaining rings available, each of which may then be broken down into sub-types depending on unique application needs\r\n\r\n \tTapered section\r\n\u00a0- Axially assembled\r\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0- Inverted\r\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0- Beveled\r\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0- Bowed\r\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0- Radially assembled\r\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0- Self-locking\r\n \tConstant section \/ Snap Rings\u00a0\r\n \tSpiral\r\n \tPush nut\r\n\r\nTapered section retaining rings\r\n\r\nTapered section retaining rings decrease symmetrically from the center to the free ends, remaining circular when contracted or expanded within the limits of normal use. This assures contact with the groove along the entire periphery of the ring. These rings may be installed axially (horizontally along the center point of an axis) or radially (externally along the radius of a circle). Depending on the size of the ring in question, it may be manufactured in one of two ways:\r\n\r\nFor smaller rings: using a die and stamping on a press from a coil of steel or copper\r\nFor larger rings: wire forming, in which rectangular wire is coiled into the shape of the ring.\r\n\r\nSelf-locking\r\nSelf-locking retaining rings can be installed in a housing\/bore or on a shaft that has not had a groove machined into it. Self-locking rings with no lug holes are impossible to remove without either destroying the ring or warping it out of specified tolerances.\r\n\r\nConstant section retaining rings \/Snap Rings :\u00a0\r\nConstant section retaining rings (snap rings) feature a uniform, constant section. In other words, the material used to make the ring is the same width at any point along the circumference of the ring. When they are contracted or expanded, they take on an elliptical deformation. As a result, they contact the groove at three or more isolated points but never continuously around the periphery. These rings are made from either flat or round wire.\r\n\r\nSpiral retaining rings ;\r\n\r\nSpiral retaining rings are axially installed into housings\/bores (internal) or onto shafts (external), making 360\u00b0 contact with the groove. Spiral retaining rings have no ears or lugs to interfere with the assembly. These rings are manufactured by coiling flat wire into the shape of the finished retaining ring. Spiral rings are provided with a removal notch to simplify the removal process. Spiral Retaining Rings can be economically produced in special alloys like stainless steel because the manufacturing process eliminates scrap.\r\n\r\nPush nut\r\n\r\nA push nut resembles a toothed washer, commonly fabricated in metal. These are installed by pressing onto the end of a grooved shaft, until the nut's inner teeth snap into the groove.","headline":"Retaining rings (Circlip) &#8211; Types Of Retaining Rings","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-03-12","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/circlips-300x200.jpg","height":200,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/function-washer-types-washers/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/types-of-washers-300x292.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to What is Function Of Washer &#8211; Types Of Washers</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/function-washer-types-washers/">What is Function Of Washer &#8211; Types Of Washers</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>What is Function Of Washer - Types Of Washers
Introduction to Washers ( Hardware )
A washer is a thin plate (typically disk-shaped) with a hole (typically in the middle) that is normally used to...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/function-washer-types-washers/" aria-label="View Post: What is Function Of Washer &#8211; Types Of Washers">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"What is Function Of Washer &#8211; Types Of Washers","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/function-washer-types-washers\/","articleBody":"What is Function Of Washer - Types Of Washers\r\nIntroduction to Washers ( Hardware )\r\nA washer is a thin plate (typically disk-shaped) with a hole (typically in the middle) that is normally used to distribute the load of a threaded fastener, such as a screw or nut. Other uses are as a spacer, spring (Belleville, wave washer), wear pad, preload indicating device, locking device, and to reduce vibration (rubber washer). Washers usually have an outer diameter (OD) about twice the width of their inner diameter (ID).\r\n\r\nWashers are usually metal or plastic. High quality bolted joints require hardened steel washers to prevent the loss of pre-load after the torque is applied.\r\n\r\nRubber or fiber gaskets used in taps (or faucets, or valves) to stop the flow of water are sometimes referred to colloquially as washers; but, while they may look similar, washers and gaskets are usually designed for different functions and made differently.\r\n\r\nWashers are also important for preventing galvanic corrosion, particularly by insulating steel screws from aluminum surfaces.\r\n\r\nWashers can be categorized into three types;\r\n\r\n \tPlain washers, which spread a load, and prevent damage to the surface being fixed, or provide some sort of insulation such as electrical\r\n \tSpring washers, which have axial flexibility and are used to prevent fastening loosening due to vibrations\r\n \tLocking washers, which prevent fastening loosening by preventing unscrewing rotation of the fastening device; locking washers are usually also spring washers.\r\n\r\n types of washers\r\nTypes Of Washers:\r\nIn order to define a washer with any degree or accuracy an adjective must be used to place its in proper categories. Some of the basic categories are;\r\n\r\n \tFlat washers\r\n \tShoulder washer\r\n \tTab washer\r\n \tLock washers\r\n \tCountersunk washer\r\n \tSpring washers\r\n\r\nFlat washers\u00a0\r\n\r\nA plain washer (or 'flat washer') is a flat annulus or ring, often of metal, used to spread the load of a screwed fastening. Additionally, a plain washer may be used when the hole is a larger diameter than the fixing nut\r\n\r\nFlat washers are round outer diameter thin plates with a center hole punched to the size of the bolt or screw. Flat washers are used to distribute loads of threaded bolts, screws and nuts evenly as the fastener is tightened.\r\n\r\nShoulder washer\r\n\r\nShoulder washers , sometimes called \" Step \" or\u00a0 \" Flange\" washers,have in profile the appearance of a low crowned top hat. the category is rather unique since shoulder washers are used primarily in the electronics equipment industry as insulators , and are therefore made of non-conductive materials.\r\n\r\nflat washers shoulder washers\r\n\r\nTap Washers :\r\n\r\nTab Washers are made in an almost infinite variety of configurations with internal and \/or external notches and or tabs , singles or multiple, Formed and Flat .\r\n\r\nLock washers :\r\n\r\nLock washes are of course familiar to most of us in the conventional helical split and internal and external tooth types.\r\n\r\nCountersunk Washers :\r\n\r\nCountersunk washers come in a number of shapes : 90 degree countersunk, angle countersunk, flanged, unflanged, rolled flange, etc. Most people are familiar with the finishing types used for cosmetic purposes on many consumer products .\r\n\r\nSpring Washers:\r\n\r\nA split washer or a spring lock washer is a ring split at one point and bent into a helical shape. This causes the washer to exert a spring force between the fastener's head and the substrate, which maintains the washer hard against the substrate and the bolt thread hard against the nut or substrate thread, creating more friction and resistance to rotation.\r\n\r\nSpring Washers absorb any looseness resulting from vibration or thermal expansion . They also eliminate\u00a0 side play in assemblies and are used with bearings to control end pressure and play. Vibration mountings also often use spring washers.\r\n\r\ntypes of washers\r\n\r\nThere are Three basic types of spring washers .\r\n\r\nBelleville washers, also known as cupped spring washers or conical washers, have a slight conical shape, which provides an axial force when deformed.\r\n\r\nA curved disc spring is similar to a Belleville, except the washer is curved in only one direction, therefore there are only four points of contact. Unlike Belleville washers, they exert only light pressures.\r\n\r\nWave washers have a \"wave\" in the axial direction, which provides spring pressure when compressed. Wave washers, of comparable size, do not produce as much force as Belleville washers. In Germany, they are sometimes used as lock washers, however they are less effective than other choices.","headline":"What is Function Of Washer &#8211; Types Of Washers","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-03-12","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/types-of-washers-300x292.jpg","height":292,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <nav class="pagination-wrapper" aria-label="article pagination"> <a class="prev page-numbers" href="?page_num=200">&laquo; PREV</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=1"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>1</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">&hellip;</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=199"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>199</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=200"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>200</a> <span aria-current="page" class="page-numbers current"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>201</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=202"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>202</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=203"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>203</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">&hellip;</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=338"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>338</a> <a class="next page-numbers" href="?page_num=202">NEXT &raquo;</a></nav></section></main><aside id="secondary" class="widget-area"><div class="about-wrapper"><h2 class="widget-title" style="background: #d693c6; color: #ff392e">About Us</h2><div class="about-image" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Sachin-Thorat-300x300-min.png')"></div><p class="about-copy">LearnMech.Com is a Mechanical Project-oriented platform run by Sachin Thorat who is a B-Tech Graduate in Mechanical Engineering. 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