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Systems  of Measurement  A system of measurement is a collection of units of measurement and rules relating them to each other. Systems of...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/standards-measurement-basic-units-si-system/" aria-label="View Post: System of measurement- Basic units in SI system">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"System of measurement- Basic units in SI system","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/standards-measurement-basic-units-si-system\/","articleBody":"System of measurement - Basic units in SI system\r\nSystems\u00a0 of Measurement\r\n\r\nA system of measurement is a collection of units of measurement and rules relating them to each other. Systems of measurement have historically been important, regulated and defined for the purposes of science and commerce. Systems of measurement in modern use include the metric system, the imperial system, and United States customary units.\r\n\r\nTypes of measurement systems\r\n\r\na) FPS System: In this system, the units of length, mass, time, temperature are Foot (or Yard), Pound (or Slug), Second, Rankine (or Fahrenheit) respectively. It is common in English speaking countries and is developed by Britain.\r\n\r\nb) Metric System: It is a decimal system of weight &amp; measurement is based on the Metre as the unit of length. It was first used in France. Its basic unit is Metre.\r\n\r\nCGS prescribes Centimetre, Gram, Second for length, weight &amp; time respectively.\r\n\r\nMKS prescribes Metre, Kilogram, Second for length, weight &amp; time respectively.\r\n\r\nMKSA (Giorgi) system added Ampere, the unit of electrical current to MKS system.\r\n\r\nc)\u00a0 SI system:\u00a0 In 1960, General Conference on Weights &amp; Measures (CGPM) formally gave the MKSA, the title \u2018\u2019Systems International d\u2019 unites\u2019\u2019 with the abbreviation \u2018SI\u2019 (also called as International System of units). In SI, the main departure from the traditional metric system is the use of \u2018Newton\u2019 as the unit of Force. India by Act of Parliament No.89, 1956 switched over to SI system.\r\n\r\ntypes of measuring system\r\n\r\nBasic units in SI system\r\n\r\n1) For Length : Metre (m) which is equal to 1650763.73 wavelengths in vacuum of the red-orange radiation corresponding to the transition between the levels 2p10 &amp; 5d5 of the krypton-86 atom. (Definition by wavelength standard)\r\n\r\nBy Line standard, Metre is the distance between the axes of two lines engraved on a polished surface of the Platinum \u2013 Iridium bar \u2018M\u2019 (90% platinum &amp; 10% iridium) kept at Bureau of Weights &amp; Measures (BIPM) at Sevres near Paris at 0\uf0b0C, the bar kept under normal atmospheric pressure, supported by two rollers of at least 1 cm diameter symmetrically situated in the same horizontal plane at a distance of 588.9 mm (Airy points) so as to give minimum deflection.\r\n\r\n2) For Mass: Kilogram (kg) which is equal to the mass of International prototype of the kilogram.\r\n\r\n3) For Time : Second (s) which is equal to the duration of 9192631770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the hyper fine levels of the ground state of the Caesium 133 atom.\r\n\r\n4) For Current : Ampere (A) is that constant current which, if maintained in two straight parallel conductors of infinite length of negligible circular cross section &amp; placed one metre apart in vacuum would produce between these conductors, a force equal to 2 x 10-7 Newton per unit length.\r\n\r\n5) For Temperature: Kelvin (K) is the fraction 1\/273 of thermodynamic temperature of the triple point of water.\r\n\r\n6) For Luminous intensity: Candela (cd) is the luminous intensity in the perpendicular direction of a surface of 1\/6,00,000 m2 of a black body at the temperature of freezing platinum under a pressure of 101325 N\/m2.\r\n\r\n7) For amount of substance: Mole (mol) is the amount of substance of a system which contains as many elementary entities as there are atoms in 0.012 kg of Carbon-12.\r\nSupplementary SI units:\r\n1) For Plane angle: Radian (rad)\r\n2) For Solid angle: Steradian (sr)\r\nDerived SI units:\r\n1) For Frequency: Hertz (1 Hz = 1 cycle per second)\r\n 2) For Force: Newton (1 N = 1 kg-m\/s2)\r\n 3) For Energy: Joule (1 J = 1 N-m)\r\n 4) For Power: Watt (1 W = 1 J\/s)\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","headline":"System of measurement- Basic units in SI system","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-03-10","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/types-of-measuring-system-300x234.jpg","height":234,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/design-fabrication-two-wheeler-hybrid-vehicle/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Design-and-Fabrication-of-Two-Wheeler-Hybrid-Vehicle-300x218.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Design and Fabrication of Two Wheeler Hybrid Vehicle</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/design-fabrication-two-wheeler-hybrid-vehicle/">Design and Fabrication of Two Wheeler Hybrid Vehicle</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Design and Fabrication of Two Wheeler Hybrid Vehicle
Abstract:  The traditional internal combustion engine made economic sense when oil was cheap and plentiful and the effects of burning fossil...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/design-fabrication-two-wheeler-hybrid-vehicle/" aria-label="View Post: Design and Fabrication of Two Wheeler Hybrid Vehicle">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Design and Fabrication of Two Wheeler Hybrid Vehicle","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/design-fabrication-two-wheeler-hybrid-vehicle\/","articleBody":"Design and Fabrication of Two Wheeler Hybrid Vehicle\r\nAbstract: \r\n\r\nThe traditional internal combustion engine made economic sense when oil was cheap and plentiful and the effects of burning fossil fuels and pollution were not understood. The environmental damage from internal combustion engine is compounded by the problem of air pollution. As well as carbon dioxide emissions, cars also produce dangerous chemicals such as nitrogen oxides (NOX), sulphur oxide (SOX) and carbon monoxide emissions. The problem of lost energy, as well as the need to reduce carbon emissions and dangerous pollutants, has spawned the industry to attempt to meet these challenges, whilst sticking to the traditional\r\npetrol and diesel run engine. Indeed a lot of these technologies, whether it be turbo chargers to improve fuel efficiency, catalytic converters that can remove dangerous gases or drive train technologies that addresses problems of wasted energy.\r\n\r\nIntroduction\r\nThe invention of internal combustion engine is one of the greatest inventions of mankind. The conventional vehicles with ICE provide a good performance and long operating range. However they have caused and continue to cause serious problems for poor fuel economy, environment pollution and human life. Reducing fuel consumption and emissions is one of the most important goals of modern design. The hybridization of a convectional combustion engine vehicle with an advanced electric motor drive may greatly enhance the overall efficiency and achieve higher fuel with reduced emissions. Considering the urban status in India, a well-organized and fuel efficient scooter has to be designed and developed.\r\n\r\nIn HEV, the battery alone provides power for low-speed driving conditions. During long highways or hill climbing, the gasoline engine drives the vehicle solely. Hybrid electric vehicles comprise of an electric motor, inverter, battery as electric drive and an internal combustion engine with transmission connected as gasoline based drive. It is to achieve better fuel economy and reduce toxic emissions. The hybrid combination makes the vehicle dynamic in nature and provides its owner a better fuel economy and lesser environmental impact over conventional automobiles.\r\nDesign\r\nOur Objective of work is to make two wheeler hybrid vehicles which will run by both gasoline and battery. The main objective of our project is to increase the mileage and\u00a0reduces the pollution. We are making out a gear hybrid two wheeler which is not available in the market till today .In our HEV, the battery alone provides power for low-speed driving conditions. During long highways or hill climbing, the gasoline engine drives the vehicle solely\r\n\r\nDesign and Fabrication of Two Wheeler Hybrid Vehicle\r\n\r\nConclusions\r\nTWHV is a vehicle that uses two sources of power- gasoline and battery. For low power application battery drive is used whereas for high power application where power requirement is very high gasoline engine is used. Gasoline drive is most efficient at high speed drive. Thus TWHV\u2019s both mode of operation occurs at their maximum efficiency. But in gasoline engine low speed operation is not efficient. Its high\r\nspeed mode is only efficient.\r\nTherefore, it gives twice the mileage given by a normal vehicle. As this hybrid vehicle emits 50% less emission than normal vehicle it plays an important role for reducing pollution to certain extent without compromising with efficiency. Thus it is most efficient in urban areas mainly in high traffic where gasoline engines are least efficient as the energy from gasoline is being wasted away and creates pollution.\r\n\r\nDownload Reference :\u00a0\r\n\r\nhttps:\/\/www.ijsr.net\/archive\/v6i3\/ART20171883.pdf","headline":"Design and Fabrication of Two Wheeler Hybrid Vehicle","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-03-10","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Design-and-Fabrication-of-Two-Wheeler-Hybrid-Vehicle-300x218.jpg","height":218,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/oee-basic-overall-equipment-effectiveness/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/six-big-losses-relared-to-qee-300x204.png')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to What Is OEE &#8211; Basic Of Overall equipment effectiveness</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/oee-basic-overall-equipment-effectiveness/">What Is OEE &#8211; Basic Of Overall equipment effectiveness</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>What Is OEE - Basic Of Overall equipment effectiveness
What is Overall Equipment Effectiveness?
OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness) is the gold standard for measuring manufacturing productivity....</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/oee-basic-overall-equipment-effectiveness/" aria-label="View Post: What Is OEE &#8211; Basic Of Overall equipment effectiveness">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"What Is OEE &#8211; Basic Of Overall equipment effectiveness","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/oee-basic-overall-equipment-effectiveness\/","articleBody":"What Is OEE - Basic Of Overall equipment effectiveness\r\nWhat is Overall Equipment Effectiveness?\r\nOEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness) is the gold standard for measuring manufacturing productivity. Simply put \u2013 it identifies the percentage of manufacturing time that is truly productive. An OEE score of 100% means you are manufacturing only Good Parts, as fast as possible, with no Stop Time. In the language of OEE that means 100% Quality (only Good Parts), 100% Performance (as fast as possible), and 100% Availability (no Stop Time).\r\n\r\nDefinitions Of OEE- Overall Equipment Effectiveness\r\n\r\nOEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness) can be defined as the ratio between theoretical production time for the actual good units produced and actual production time it took to produce these good units.\r\n\r\nOEE % = Actual Good Units \/ Theoretical Good Units %\r\n\r\nor\u00a0\r\n\r\nOEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness) can be defined as the ratio between actual good output and theoretical good output for the actual production time.\r\n\r\nOEE % = Availability X Performance X Quality %\r\n\r\nOEE measurement is also commonly used as a key performance indicator (KPI) in conjunction with lean manufacturing efforts to provide an indicator of success.\r\n\r\nOverall equipment effectiveness (OEE) Examples :\r\n\r\nIf for example the cycle time is reduced, the OEE will increase i.e. more product is produced for less resource. Another example is if one enterprise serves a high volume, low variety market, and another enterprise serves a low volume, high variety market. More changeovers (set-ups) will lower the OEE in comparison, but if the product is sold at a premium, there could be more margin with a lower OEE.\r\n\r\nMeeting business targets by improving operational efficiency and sustainability requires measuring and monitoring Key Performance Indicators (KPI\u2019s) to ensure plants operate at peak level and analyzing asset utilization for continuous improvement. Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) is a KPI which has become the de facto industry standard to measure and monitor the effectiveness of operating production and packaging machines and lines. Using OEE leading manufacturers have:\r\n\r\n \tReduced equipment unscheduled downtime\r\n \tIncreased production throughput and quality\r\n \tMinimized the impact of planned downtime\r\n \tImproved schedule adherence and customer satisfaction\r\n\r\nOEE is a very powerful metric. This KPI is calculated from actual equipment availability, performance and quality losses relative to maximum expected performance \u2013 essentially capturing when an asset is available, the speed at which it operates and the number of products out of quality specification.\r\n\r\nAvailability (%) = Operating Time \/ Available Time\r\nPerformance (%) = Total Production \/ (Target Production Rate x Operating Time)\r\nQuality (%) = Good Production \/ Total Production\r\n\r\nWith real-time OEE visibility, you will be able to make ad hoc corrective actions quickly. Detailed historical data of equipment utilization enables root cause analysis of capacity losses to determine areas for improvement.\r\n\r\nOEE Performance Analysis\r\nOEE\u00a0analysis\u00a0starts with\u00a0Plant Operating Time; the amount of time your\u00a0facility is open and available for equipment operation.\r\nFrom\u00a0Plant Operating Time, you subtract a category of time called\u00a0Planned Shut Down, which includes all events that should be excluded\u00a0from efficiency analysis because there was no intention of running\u00a0production (e.g. breaks, lunch, scheduled maintenance, or periods where\u00a0there is nothing to produce). The remaining available time is your\u00a0Planned\r\n\r\nProduction Time.\r\nOEE begins with\u00a0Planned Production Time\u00a0and scrutinizes efficiency and\u00a0productivity losses that occur, with the goal of reducing or eliminating these\u00a0losses. There are three general categories of loss to consider -\u00a0Down Time\u00a0Loss, Speed Loss\u00a0and\u00a0Quality Loss.\r\nAvailability\u00a0takes into account Down Time Loss, which includes any\u00a0events that stop planned production for an appreciable length of time(usually several minutes - long enough to log as a trackable Event).\r\n\r\nExamples include equipment failures, material shortages, and\u00a0changeover time. Changeover time is included in OEE analysis, since it\u00a0is a form of down time. While it may not be possible to eliminate\u00a0changeover time, in most cases it can be reduced. The remaining\u00a0available time is called Operating Time.\r\n\r\nPerformance\u00a0takes into account\u00a0Speed Loss, which includes any\u00a0factors that cause the process to operate at less than the maximum\u00a0possible speed, when running. Examples include machine wear,substandard materials, misfeeds, and operator inefficiency. The\r\n\r\nremaining available time is called\u00a0Net Operating Time.\r\n\r\nQuality\u00a0takes into account Quality Loss, which accounts for produced\u00a0pieces that do not meet quality standards, including pieces that require\u00a0rework. The remaining time is called Fully Productive Time. Our goal is\u00a0to maximize Fully Productive Time.\r\n\r\n6 Big Losses\u00a0\r\n\r\nsix big losses related to OEE","headline":"What Is OEE &#8211; Basic Of Overall equipment effectiveness","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-03-09","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/six-big-losses-relared-to-qee-300x204.png","height":204,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/tube-manufacturing-tube-drawing-tube-extrusion/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/tube-drawing-process-300x101.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Tube Manufacturing &#8211; Tube Drawing and Tube Extrusion</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/tube-manufacturing-tube-drawing-tube-extrusion/">Tube Manufacturing &#8211; Tube Drawing and Tube Extrusion</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Tube Manufacturing - Tube Drawing and Tube Extrusion
TUBE DRAWING  Tube drawing is a process to size a tube by shrinking a large diameter tube into a smaller one, by drawing the tube through a...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/tube-manufacturing-tube-drawing-tube-extrusion/" aria-label="View Post: Tube Manufacturing &#8211; Tube Drawing and Tube Extrusion">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Tube Manufacturing &#8211; Tube Drawing and Tube Extrusion","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/tube-manufacturing-tube-drawing-tube-extrusion\/","articleBody":"Tube Manufacturing - Tube Drawing and Tube Extrusion\r\nTUBE DRAWING\r\n\r\nTube drawing is a process to size a tube by shrinking a large diameter tube into a smaller one, by drawing the tube through a die. This process produces high-quality tubing with precise dimensions, good surface finish, and the added strength of cold working. For this reason this process is established for many materials, namely metalworking but also glass. Because it is so versatile, tube drawing is suitable for both large- and small-scale production.The large-scale production of glass typically uses a one step process where glass is directly drawn into a tube from a melting tank.\r\n\r\nThere are five types of tube drawing:\r\n\r\n \t tube sinking,\r\n \tmandrel drawing,\r\n \tstationary mandrel,\r\n \tmoving mandrel, and\r\n \tfloating mandrel.\r\n\r\nA mandrel is used in many of the types to prevent buckling or wrinkling in the workpiece.\r\n\r\nThe \u2018drawing\u2019 process can also be used for tube drawing. Tube drawing does not mean manufacturing a tube from solid raw material. It means lengthening a tube reducing its diameter. Various arrangements used for tube drawing are shown in figure\r\n\r\ntube drawing process\r\n\r\n \tThe method shown in Fig. (a) is the most common method used for tube drawing.\r\n \tA conventional tube drawing bench is used. Method shown in Fig. (b) employes a floating mandrel.\r\n \tMethod shown in Fig. (c) uses a long circular rod to control the size of tube-bore.\r\n \tMethod shown in Fig. (d) uses neither a mandrel nor a bar and controlling size of bore is difficult.\r\n\r\nTUBE EXTRUSION :\u00a0\r\nTubes and pipes are required in large quantities by industries all over the world. Tubes are basically of two types. They are either seamless (i.e., without any joint) or with joint all along the length of the tube.\r\nSeamless tubes are made by processes such as casting, extrusion or rolling. Tubes with joint are made by welding. Usually, the weld joint is made by electric resistance welding process, such tubes are referred to as ERW tubes. The size of a tube or pipe is indicated by the size of its bore in mm. Since the requirement of tubes is so large, a special rolling process called Mannesmann rotary piercing process has been developed. In this process, a heated round billet with its leading end, in the centre of which a short guide hole has been punched or drilled, is pushed longitudinally between two large tapered rolls as shown in Fig.\r\n\r\ntube extrusion proces\r\n\r\nThe rolls revolve in the same direction and their axes are inclined at opposite angles of approx 6\u00b0 from the axis of the billet. As the billet is caught by the rolls and is rotated, their inclination causes the material to be drawn forward. The small clearance between the rolls forces the material to deform into\u00a0 an elliptical shape. Due to compressive forces, secondary tensile stresses start acting in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the compressive stresses. The guide hole drilled\/punched at centre of billet tears open. This action is assisted by a suitably placed mandrel.\r\n\r\nAs the billet mores forward and keeps rotating the tearing action is propagated throughout the length of the billet. End result is a roughly formed seamless tube of ellipitical cross-section.\r\nThis roughly formed seamless tube is further rolled in a \u201cplug rolling mill\u201d. The final operations of \u201creeling\u201d and \u201csizing\u201d are further conducted on cooled tube to improves size and finish of tubes","headline":"Tube Manufacturing &#8211; Tube Drawing and Tube Extrusion","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-03-09","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/tube-drawing-process-300x101.jpg","height":101,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/3ds-max-rendering-animation-software-mechanical-products/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/3ds-Max1-300x180.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to 3ds Max &#8211; Rendering and Animation Software For Mechanical Products</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/3ds-max-rendering-animation-software-mechanical-products/">3ds Max &#8211; Rendering and Animation Software For Mechanical Products</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>3ds Max - Rendering and Animation Software For Mechanical Products
Introduction to 3ds Max for beginners:
This awesome piece of software consists of 3D modeling design, realistic animation, and...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/3ds-max-rendering-animation-software-mechanical-products/" aria-label="View Post: 3ds Max &#8211; Rendering and Animation Software For Mechanical Products">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"3ds Max &#8211; Rendering and Animation Software For Mechanical Products","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/3ds-max-rendering-animation-software-mechanical-products\/","articleBody":"3ds Max - Rendering and Animation Software For Mechanical Products\r\nIntroduction to 3ds Max for beginners:\r\nThis awesome piece of software consists of 3D modeling design, realistic animation, and renders of 3D models.\r\n3Ds Max software\u00a0is a product by Autodesk , It is implemented across the Architectural , Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry to perform Architectural 3D modeling , It can perform 3D Mechanical modeling , 3D Architectural rendering , Exterior &amp; 3D Interior walk-through and 3D Architectural fly-through .\r\n3Ds Max software consists of many rich features that helps the modelers , the renders and the designers to create flawless photo-realistic 3D images as well as 3D animations of any construction element , Beside AEC industry , This software has a wide ranging usage in Media , Advertisement and Entertainment industry .\r\n3Ds Max software has excellent capabilities in developing the effective3D models and It has great compatibility with Microsoft Windows operating system , Some of its versions have compatibility with Apple Mac operating system , 3Ds Max version 2010 , 2011 , 2012 and 2013 is compatible with Mac operating system\r\nAutodesk 3ds Max, formerly 3D Studio and 3D Studio Max, is a professional 3D computer graphics program for making 3D animations, models, games and images. It is developed and produced by Autodesk Media and Entertainment. It has modeling capabilities and a flexible plugin architecture and can be used on the Microsoft Windows platform. It is frequently used by video game developers, many TV commercial studios and architectural visualization studios. It is also used for movie effects and movie pre-visualization. For its modeling and animation tools, the latest version of 3ds Max also features shaders (such as ambient occlusion and subsurface scattering), dynamic simulation, particle systems, radiosity, normal map creation and rendering, global illumination, a customizable user interface, new icons, and its own scripting language.\r\n\r\n3ds-Max\r\nMajor Features of Autodesk 3ds Max\r\nAutodesk 3ds\u00a0Max\u00a0is primarily, although not completely, based on\u00a0polygon modeling. Polygon modeling is used more extensively in game design than in other animation application as it offers a highly specific control over individual polygons that make up the model. This feature of polygon modeling also allow for greater optimization of the model.\r\n\r\nUsually, the design process begins at the selection of a primitive model bundled with 3ds, which is then further refined as per need. The current versions have a simplified mesh editing interface and using the \u2018edit poly\u2019 modifier which moves the tools available in the primitive model, higher in the modifier stack, allowing them to be used on top of other modifications.\r\n\r\nIn the 3ds Max software various unique\u00a0primitive shapes\u00a0such as teapots, cones, pyramids and cubes are available which can be used as a base for model development.\r\n\r\nAlthough polygons are the method of choice for model building, surfaces are easier to define using other methods. 3ds Max\u2019s\u00a0subdivision\u00a0surface support allows for smoothened surfaces and with the use of tools like Soft Selection, which allows manipulation of vertex clouds into the desired shape without distortions from unwanted shapes and displaying smooth surfaces. The sculpting brush feature allows smooth surfaces to be drawn by hand, if polygons give a distorted image, although functionality is limited.\r\n\r\nThe\u00a0NURBs feature\u00a0of Autodesk 3ds allows smooth surface rendition by use of mathematical formulae and is of greatest use to in accurate simulation of mechanical parts. This is of greatest use in applications such as automobile design and instrument design.\r\n\r\n3ds Max allows the use of custom\u00a0lighting\u00a0and\u00a0shadows\u00a0and highlights can also be \u2018burned\u2019 into the image rendered. These settings are mostly used for game imagery, since pre-fit values of shadows and highlights allows the game engine to process less data thereby improving game speed and performance as the model is already painted with the required modifications.\r\n\r\nFor life like\u00a0character models, 3ds Max includes simulation for\u00a0hair,\u00a0skin,\u00a0cloth\u00a0and\u00a0fur, all requirements for simulation of living beings. These inbuilt add-ons reduce the time required for model development and improve the detail for each frame.\r\n\r\nIt also includes rigid body dynamics which means that simulation of hard bodies such as wood or bricks, is easy to perform. This software is also equipped with features like shatter effect to recreate the dynamics of shattering rigid objects. However, soft body dynamics, which allows for the motion simulation of deformable objects, is not supported by 3ds Max, which makes simulation of such objects difficult.\r\n\r\nA very useful feature of\u00a0this software\u00a0is the support for Inverse Kinematics and Forward Kinematics. Inverse Kinematics or\u00a0skeleton modeling\u00a0allows the user to create a model and fit it with a skeleton, which can then be animated as per the requirements of the animator. This skeleton can then be placed inside the model, making the animating the model easier.","headline":"3ds Max &#8211; Rendering and Animation Software For Mechanical Products","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-03-08","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/3ds-Max1-300x180.jpg","height":180,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/principle-kaizen-benefits-kaizen-philosophy/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/kaizen-process-98-min-300x192.png')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to PRINCIPLE OF KAIZEN &#8211; Benefits of Kaizen Philosophy</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/principle-kaizen-benefits-kaizen-philosophy/">PRINCIPLE OF KAIZEN &#8211; Benefits of Kaizen Philosophy</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>PRINCIPLE OF KAIZEN - Benefits of Kaizen Philosophy
PRINCIPLE OF KAIZEN  The two key features of kaizen are incremental and continuous improvement and involvement of the entire workforce in that...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/principle-kaizen-benefits-kaizen-philosophy/" aria-label="View Post: PRINCIPLE OF KAIZEN &#8211; Benefits of Kaizen Philosophy">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"PRINCIPLE OF KAIZEN &#8211; Benefits of Kaizen Philosophy","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/principle-kaizen-benefits-kaizen-philosophy\/","articleBody":"PRINCIPLE OF KAIZEN - Benefits of Kaizen Philosophy\r\nPRINCIPLE OF KAIZEN\r\n\r\nThe two key features of kaizen are incremental and continuous improvement and involvement of the entire workforce in that process. The workforce, even workers, need to participate in producing small but frequent changes by making suggestions for improvement in both process and product. Beyond that, the logical structure of the concept of kaizen, the precise relationship among its tools, and concrete measures and sequences adopted on the factory floor, are difficult to pin down since there are many different schools of teaching that emphasize different aspects and tools of kaizen relative to others. Even among excellent companies, Toyota\u201fs way is different from Honda\u201fs way, and the Panasonic philosophy is quite distinct from Canon\u201fs.\r\n\r\nSee also:\u00a0Kaizen Continuous Improvement -Definition, Kaizen Process\r\n Principles of Kaizen philosophy :\r\n\u2022 Continually improve\r\n\u2022 No idea is too small.\r\n\u2022 Identify, report, and solve individual problems.\r\n\u2022 Focus change on common sense, low-cost, and low-risk improvements, not major innovations.\r\n\u2022 Collect, verify, and analyze data to enact change.\r\n\u2022 A major source of quality defects is problems in the process.\r\n\u2022 Decreasing variability in the process is vital to improving quality.\r\n\u2022 Identify and decrease non\u2013value-added steps.\r\n\u2022 Every interaction is between a customer and a supplier.\r\n\u2022 Empower the worker to enact change.\r\n\u2022 All ideas are addressed and responded to in some way.\r\n\u2022 Decrease waste.\r\n\u2022 Address the work place with good housekeeping discipline.\r\n\r\nkaizen process\r\nKaizen Benefits\r\n\r\n \tKaizen Reduces Waste- like inventory waste, time waste, workers motion\r\n \tKaizen Improves space utilization, product quality\r\n \tResults in higher employee morale and job satisfaction, and lower turn-over.\r\n \tToyota is well-known as one of the leaders in using Kaizen. In 1999 at one U.S. plant, 7,000 Toyota employees submitted over 75,000 suggestions, of which 99% were implemented.\r\n \tEliminating processes that cause human fatigue.\r\n \tImprovement in individual people capabilities.\r\n \tImprovements for new products (ideas)\r\n \tImproving systems and processes\r\n \tAchieving maximum efficiency and quality\r\n \tAn open management style that allows questioning of the existing systems and processes\r\n \tMachine capability improvement (minimum down-time)\r\n \tStriving for continuous improvement at all levels\r\n \tQuality improvement.\r\n \tImprovement in customer service and customer relations.\r\n \tImprovement in production aids (fixtures, tools, etc.).","headline":"PRINCIPLE OF KAIZEN &#8211; Benefits of Kaizen Philosophy","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-03-08","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/kaizen-process-98-min-300x192.png","height":192,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <nav class="pagination-wrapper" aria-label="article pagination"> <a class="prev page-numbers" href="?page_num=201">&laquo; PREV</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=1"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>1</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">&hellip;</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=200"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>200</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=201"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>201</a> <span aria-current="page" class="page-numbers current"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>202</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=203"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>203</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=204"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>204</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">&hellip;</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=338"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>338</a> <a class="next page-numbers" href="?page_num=203">NEXT &raquo;</a></nav></section></main><aside id="secondary" class="widget-area"><div class="about-wrapper"><h2 class="widget-title" style="background: #d693c6; color: #ff392e">About Us</h2><div class="about-image" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Sachin-Thorat-300x300-min.png')"></div><p class="about-copy">LearnMech.Com is a Mechanical Project-oriented platform run by Sachin Thorat who is a B-Tech Graduate in Mechanical Engineering. 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