<!doctype html><html lang="en-US" prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns#"><head>  <script defer src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-63955840-1"></script> <script defer src="data:text/javascript;base64,CgkgIHdpbmRvdy5kYXRhTGF5ZXIgPSB3aW5kb3cuZGF0YUxheWVyIHx8IFtdOwoJICBmdW5jdGlvbiBndGFnKCl7ZGF0YUxheWVyLnB1c2goYXJndW1lbnRzKTt9CgkgIGd0YWcoJ2pzJywgbmV3IERhdGUoKSk7CgoJICAKCSAgCSAgZ3RhZygnY29uZmlnJywgJ1VBLTYzOTU1ODQwLTEnKTsKCSAgCgk="></script> <meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><link rel="shortcut icon" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/www.gunkrazy.com-favicon-image.png"><link rel="profile" href="https://gmpg.org/xfn/11"><style>img:is([sizes="auto" i], [sizes^="auto," i]) { contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px }</style><title>Home - Learn Mechanical Engineering</title><meta name="robots" content="follow, index, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1, max-image-preview:large"/><link rel="canonical" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/" /><meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /><meta property="og:type" content="website" /><meta property="og:title" content="Home - Learn Mechanical Engineering" /><meta property="og:url" content="//www.gunkrazy.com/" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Mechanical Engineering blog" /><meta property="fb:admins" content="https://www.facebook.com/sachin.thorat3" /><meta property="article:published_time" content="2020-01-22T20:14:00+05:30" /><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /><meta name="twitter:title" content="Home - Learn Mechanical Engineering" /><meta name="twitter:site" content="@thoratsachin027" /><meta name="twitter:creator" content="@thoratsachin027" /><meta name="twitter:label1" content="Time to read" /><meta name="twitter:data1" content="Less than a minute" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="rank-math-schema">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":["Person","Organization"],"@id":"//www.gunkrazy.com/#person","name":"Sachin Thorat","sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/royal.mech.engg","https://twitter.com/thoratsachin027"],"logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"//www.gunkrazy.com/#logo","url":"//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/learn-mech-logo-1-e1587148384722.png","contentUrl":"//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/learn-mech-logo-1-e1587148384722.png","caption":"Mechanical Engineering blog","inLanguage":"en-US","width":"300","height":"300"},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"//www.gunkrazy.com/#logo","url":"//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/learn-mech-logo-1-e1587148384722.png","contentUrl":"//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/learn-mech-logo-1-e1587148384722.png","caption":"Mechanical Engineering blog","inLanguage":"en-US","width":"300","height":"300"}},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"//www.gunkrazy.com/#website","url":"//www.gunkrazy.com","name":"Mechanical Engineering blog","publisher":{"@id":"//www.gunkrazy.com/#person"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":{"@type":"SearchAction","target":"//www.gunkrazy.com/?s={search_term_string}","query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"//www.gunkrazy.com/#webpage","url":"//www.gunkrazy.com/","name":"Home - Learn Mechanical Engineering","datePublished":"2020-01-22T20:14:00+05:30","dateModified":"2020-01-22T20:14:00+05:30","about":{"@id":"//www.gunkrazy.com/#person"},"isPartOf":{"@id":"//www.gunkrazy.com/#website"},"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"//www.gunkrazy.com/#author","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/?s=96&amp;d=wavatar&amp;r=g","url":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/?s=96&amp;d=wavatar&amp;r=g","inLanguage":"en-US"}},{"@type":"Article","headline":"Home - Learn Mechanical Engineering","datePublished":"2020-01-22T20:14:00+05:30","dateModified":"2020-01-22T20:14:00+05:30","author":{"@id":"//www.gunkrazy.com/#author"},"publisher":{"@id":"//www.gunkrazy.com/#person"},"name":"Home - Learn Mechanical Engineering","@id":"//www.gunkrazy.com/#richSnippet","isPartOf":{"@id":"//www.gunkrazy.com/#webpage"},"inLanguage":"en-US","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"//www.gunkrazy.com/#webpage"}}]}</script> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="5Sa35IchqdSspzqAS1DI0AQEde9mldI2FZu66psXg" /><meta name="msvalidate.01" content="0633F9DED879963ED766DB4D21411F2B" /><meta name="yandex-verification" content="6203245cb91cc415" /><meta name="p:domain_verify" content="1d54713710a5b65365ad80e5daccdb40" /><link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Learn Mechanical Engineering &raquo; Feed" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/feed/" /><link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Learn Mechanical Engineering &raquo; Comments Feed" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/comments/feed/" /> <script defer src="data:text/javascript;base64,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"></script> <!--noptimize--><script id="learn-ready">
			window.advanced_ads_ready=function(e,a){a=a||"complete";var d=function(e){return"interactive"===a?"loading"!==e:"complete"===e};d(document.readyState)?e():document.addEventListener("readystatechange",(function(a){d(a.target.readyState)&&e()}),{once:"interactive"===a})},window.advanced_ads_ready_queue=window.advanced_ads_ready_queue||[];		</script>
		<!--/noptimize--><style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'>img.wp-smiley, img.emoji {
		display: inline !important;
		border: none !important;
		box-shadow: none !important;
		height: 1em !important;
		width: 1em !important;
		margin: 0 0.07em !important;
		vertical-align: -0.1em !important;
		background: none !important;
		padding: 0 !important;
	}</style><link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.7.2' type='text/css' media='all' /><style id='rank-math-toc-block-style-inline-css' type='text/css'>.wp-block-rank-math-toc-block nav ol{counter-reset:item}.wp-block-rank-math-toc-block nav ol li{display:block}.wp-block-rank-math-toc-block nav ol li:before{content:counters(item, ".") ". ";counter-increment:item}</style><style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'>/*! This file is auto-generated */
.wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none}</style><style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'>:root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;}
:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}
:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}
:root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;}</style><link rel='stylesheet' id='defer-income-school-style-css' href='//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/cache/autoptimize/autoptimize_single_6aa70931e213384c9a6255eeedb3f19f.php?ver=1.4.1' type='text/css' media='all' /><link rel='stylesheet' id='defer-style-min-width768-css' href='//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/cache/autoptimize/autoptimize_single_4097091fbbb660b667281e5052538af8.php?ver=1.4.1' type='text/css' media='(min-width: 768px)' /><link rel='stylesheet' id='defer-style-min-width960-css' href='//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/cache/autoptimize/autoptimize_single_1b82ae29fa8c6f6b1dda16beb19cfc46.php?ver=1.4.1' type='text/css' media='(min-width: 960px)' /><link rel='stylesheet' id='defer-style-min-width1200-css' href='//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/cache/autoptimize/autoptimize_single_90097e866176b4ced86c9b703df91b35.php?ver=1.4.1' type='text/css' media='(min-width: 1200px)' /><link rel='stylesheet' id='tablepress-default-css' href='//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/cache/autoptimize/autoptimize_single_605682d15b905afcca53b93514fbaeca.php?ver=2.3.1' type='text/css' media='all' /><style id='custom-style-inline-css' type='text/css'>.search-wrapper #search-icon{background:url("//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/themes/acabado/img/search-icon.png") center/cover no-repeat #fff;}.share-container .email-btn:before{background:url("//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/themes/acabado/img/envelope.svg") center/cover no-repeat;}.share-container .print-btn:before{background:url("//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/themes/acabado/img/print-icon.svg") center/cover no-repeat;}.externallinkimage{background-image:url("//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/themes/acabado/img/extlink.png")}body, body ul, body li, body td, body th, body p, body p.legal-disclaimer, body  input, body select, body optgroup, body textarea, body .entry-meta span, body.single .entry-meta .byline, .entry-content .woocommerce div.product .woocommerce-tabs ul.tabs li a{ color: #4f4f4f; }body.home #page .hero-text-wrapper h2.hero-text{ color:#ffffff; }#content h1, #content h2:not(.widget-title, .hero-text, .section-header-text, .card-title), #content h3, #content .author-card .author-info a, #content h4, #content h5, #content h6, #content .header { color: #bf22b2; }body .article-card header p a{color:#ff392e;}body.home #page h2.section-header-text,#page .featured-categories-wrapper .category-card h2:before{ background-color:#d693c6;}#page .featured-categories-wrapper .category-card:hover h2:before{ opacity:0.5; transition:opacity 500ms;}body.home #page h2.section-header-text, body.home #page h2.card-title{ color:#ff392e;}body a, body a:visited, body a:focus, body a:active{ color: #ff392e; }body a:hover, body a:visited:hover, body a:focus, body a:active { color: #ff392e }.woocommerce #respond input#submit, #content .wp-block-button__link:not(.has-background), #content button:not(.hamburger, .toggle-submenu, .search-submit), #content a.button:not(.hamburger, .toggle-submenu, .search-submit), #content a.button:visited:not(.hamburger, .toggle-submenu, .search-submit), #content button:not(.hamburger, .toggle-submenu, .search-submit), #content input[type='button']:not(.hamburger, .toggle-submenu, .search-submit), #content input[type='reset'], #content input[type='submit'], #content .button:not(.hamburger, .toggle-submenu, .search-submit) { background: #ff392e; }.woocommerce #respond input#submit, .wp-block-button__link:not(.has-text-color), #page button:not(.hamburger, .toggle-submenu, .search-submit), #page a.button:not(.hamburger, .toggle-submenu, .search-submit), #page a.button:visited:not(.hamburger, .toggle-submenu, .search-submit), input[type='button']:not(.hamburger, .toggle-submenu, .search-submit), input[type='reset'], input[type='submit'], .button:not(.hamburger, .toggle-submenu, .search-submit) { color: #f2f2f2; }.woocommerce div.product .woocommerce-tabs ul.tabs::before, .woocommerce div.product .woocommerce-tabs ul.tabs li{border-color:#bababa;}#content hr, body .wp-block-separator{ background-color: #bababa; } #page aside#secondary .legal-info-container, #page aside#secondary .sidebar-ad{ border-top-color: #bababa;} #page .author-card{border-top-color: #bababa;border-bottom-color: #bababa;}#page .site-footer{border-top-color: #bababa;}@media (min-width: 960px){#page .site-content .widget-area{border-left-color:#bababa;}}#content #antibounce { background: #f0f0f0; }body #content #antibounce .antibounce-card .copy-wrapper p{ color: #000000; }body #content #antibounce .antibounce-card button{ background-color: #000000; }body #content #antibounce .antibounce-card button { color: #ffffff }
.article-card .image-container {
   
    background-size: contain;</style><link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/11350" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /><meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.7.2" /><link rel='shortlink' href='//www.gunkrazy.com/' /><link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gunkrazy.com%2F" /><link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gunkrazy.com%2F&#038;format=xml" /><meta name="category" content="homepage" /><link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com"><link rel="preload" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Libre+Franklin:wght@400;800&family=Roboto+Condensed&display=swap" as="style" onload="this.onload=null;this.rel='stylesheet'"><style>ins.adsbygoogle { background-color: transparent; padding: 0; }</style><script  async src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-1685119944030639" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> </head><body class="home page-template-default page page-id-11350 aa-prefix-learn-"><div id="page" class="site"> <a class="skip-link screen-reader-text" href="#content">Skip to content</a><header id="masthead" class="site-header desktop-toggle"><div class="inner-wrap"><div class="hamburger-wrapper desktop"> <button class="hamburger hamburger--squeeze menu-toggle" type="button" aria-label="Menu" aria-controls="primary-menu" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="hamburger-box"> <span class="hamburger-inner"></span> </span> <span class="label">MENU</span> </button></div><div class="site-branding"> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/" class="custom-logo-link" rel="home" itemprop="url"><img width="300" height="300" src="//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png" class="attachment-medium size-medium" alt="" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" srcset="//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/learn-mech-logo-1-e1587148384722.png 300w, //www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/learn-mech-logo-1-150x150.png 150w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /></a></div><div class="search-wrapper"> <a href="#open" id="search-icon" style="background: url(//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/themes/acabado/img/search-icon.png) center/cover no-repeat #fff;"><span class="sr-only">Search</span></a><div class="search-form-wrapper"><form role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="//www.gunkrazy.com/"><style>.search-wrapper.search-active .search-field {
			width: 200px;
			display: inline-block;
			vertical-align: top;
		}
		.search-wrapper button[type="submit"] {
			display: inline-block;
			vertical-align: top;
			top: -35px;
			position: relative;
			background-color: transparent;
			height: 30px;
			width: 30px;
			padding: 0;
			margin: 0;
			background-image: url("//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/themes/acabado/img/search-icon.png");
			background-position: center;
			background-repeat: no-repeat;
			background-size: contain;
		}
		.search-wrapper.search-active button[type="submit"] {
			display: inline-block !important;
		}</style><label for="s"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span> </label> <input type="search" id="search-field" class="search-field" placeholder="Search &hellip;" value="" name="s" /> <button type="submit" class="search-submit" style="display:none;"><span class="screen-reader-text"></span></button></form></div></div></div><nav id="site-navigation" class="main-navigation"><div class="menu-main-manu-container"><ul id="primary-menu" class="inner-wrap"><li id="menu-item-13454" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom current-menu-item menu-item-home menu-item-13454"><a href="http://www.gunkrazy.com">Home</a></li><li id="menu-item-13461" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-13461"><a target="_blank" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/mechanical-subject-wise-basic-concept-notes/">Subject Wise Notes</a></li><li id="menu-item-13456" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-13456"><a target="_blank" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/mechanical-engineering-projects/">Projects List</a></li><li id="menu-item-13457" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-13457"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/category/mechanical-projects/">Project and seminars</a> <button type='button' class='toggle-submenu'><span class='sr-only'>Submenu Toggle</span> </button><ul class='submenu'><li id="menu-item-13458" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-13458"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/category/mechanical-projects/">Mechanical Projects Report</a></li><li id="menu-item-13459" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-13459"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/category/seminar-topics/">Mechanical Seminar</a></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-13460" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-13460"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/category/cad-cam-software/">CAD Software</a></li><li id="menu-item-13462" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-13462"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/category/exam-gate-ies/">GATE</a></li><li id="menu-item-13466" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-has-children menu-item-13466"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/category/career/">Career</a> <button type='button' class='toggle-submenu'><span class='sr-only'>Submenu Toggle</span> </button><ul class='submenu'><li id="menu-item-13467" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-13467"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/category/interview-guide/">Interview Guide</a></li><li id="menu-item-13468" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-13468"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/category/technical-questions/">Technical Questions</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></nav></header><div id="content" class="site-content"><div id="primary" class="content-area"><section class="featured-categories-wrapper"><article class="category-card col-one-fourth" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/jigs-and-fixture-design1-768x581.jpg')"> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/mechanical-engineering-projects/"><h2 class="card-title">Index of Mechanical Projects</h2> </a></article><article class="category-card col-one-fourth" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/lathe-machine-operation-768x515.jpg')"> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/mechanical-subject-wise-basic-concept-notes/"><h2 class="card-title">Mechanical Subjects notes</h2> </a></article><article class="category-card col-one-fourth" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/CATIA-V5-Surface.jpg')"> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/cad-software/"><h2 class="card-title">CAD Design</h2> </a></article><article class="category-card col-one-fourth" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Orbital-Welding-Process-Equipment-Application-min-1.png')"> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/manufacturing-technology-notes/"><h2 class="card-title">Manufacturing Technology Notes</h2> </a></article></section><main id="main" class="site-main"><section class="articles-wrapper"><h2 class="section-header-text">Recent Posts</h2><article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/seminar-on-continuously-variable-transmission-cvt-report/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/cvt-continuously-variable-transmission-breakdown-300x225.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Seminar On Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) Report</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/seminar-on-continuously-variable-transmission-cvt-report/">Seminar On Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) Report</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Seminar On Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) Report 
INTRODUCTION  After more than a century of research and development, theinternal combustion (IC) engine is nearing both perfection...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/seminar-on-continuously-variable-transmission-cvt-report/" aria-label="View Post: Seminar On Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) Report">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Seminar On Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) Report","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/seminar-on-continuously-variable-transmission-cvt-report\/","articleBody":"Seminar On Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) Report \r\nINTRODUCTION\r\n\r\nAfter more than a century of research and development, theinternal combustion (IC) engine is nearing both perfection andobsolescence: engineers continue to explore the outer limits of IC efficiency and performance, but advancements in fuel economy and emissions have effectively stalled. While many IC vehicles meet Low Emissions Vehicle standards, these will give way to new, stricter government regulations in the very near future. With limited room for improvement, automobile manufacturers have begun full-scale development of alternative power vehicles. Still, manufacturers are loath to scrap a century of development and billions or possibly even trillions of dollars in IC infrastructure, especially for technologies with no history of commercial success. Thus, the ideal interim solution is to further optimize the overall efficiency of IC vehicles.\r\n\r\nOne potential solution to this fuel economy dilemma is the continuously variable transmission (CVT), an old idea that has only recently become a bastion of hope to automakers. CVTs could potentially allow IC vehicles to meet the first wave of new fuel regulations while development of hybrid electric and fuel cell vehicles continues. Rather than selecting one of four or five gears, a CVT constantly changes its gear ratio to optimize engine efficiency with a perfectly smooth torque-speed curve. This improves both gas mileage and acceleration compared to traditional transmissions.\r\n\r\nWhile IC development has slowed in recent years as automobile manufacturers devote more resources to hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and fuel cell vehicles (FEVs), CVT research and development is expanding quickly. Even U.S. automakers, who have lagged in CVT research until recently, are unveiling new designs: General Motors plans to implement metal-belt CVTs in some vehicles by 2002.\r\n\r\nRead more :\u00a0\r\n\r\n \tContinuously Variable Transmission : Components , Working , Types\r\n \tWhy there is no clutch in gearless scooter -CVT Explained\r\n\r\nCVTs &amp; Hybrid Electric Vehicles\r\n\r\nWhile CVTs will help to prolong the viability of internal combustion engines, CVTs themselves will certainly not fade if and when IC does. Several companies are currently studying implementation of CVTs with HEVs. Nissan recently developed an HEV with \u00b3fuel efficiency \u00ab more than double that of existing vehicles in the same class of driving performance\u00b4. The electric motor avoids the low speed\/ high torque problems often associated with CVTs, through an innovative double-motor system. At low speeds: A low-power traction motor is used as a substitute mechanism to accomplish the functions of launch and forward\/reverse shift. This has made it possible to discontinue use of a torque converter as the launch element and a planetary gear set and wet multi-plate clutches as the shift mechanism.\r\n\r\nThus use of a CVT in a HEV is optimal: the electric portion of the power system avoids the low-speed problems of CVTs, while still retaining the fuel efficiency and power transmission benefits at high speeds. Moreover, \u00b3the use of a CVT capable of handling high engine torque allows the system to be applied to more powerful vehicles\u00b4. Obviously, automakers cannot develop individual transmissions for each car they sell; rather, a few robust, versatile CVTs must be able to handle a wide range of vehicles. Korean automaker Kia has proposed a rather novel approach to CVTs and their application to hybrids. Kia recently tested a system where \u00b3the CVT allows the engine to run at constant speed and the motor allows the engine to run at constant torque independent of driving conditions\u00b4. Thus, both gasoline engine and electric motor\r\nalways run at their optimal speeds, and the CVT adjusts as needed to accelerate the vehicle. Kia also presented a control system for this unified HEV\/CVT combination that optimizes fuel efficiency for the new configuration.\r\n\r\ncvt-continuously-variable-transmission\r\n\r\nOTHER APPLICATIONS\r\n\r\nTractors just as cars have the need for a flexible system to convey power from their engine to their wheels. The C.V.T. will provide just this and at high fuel savings with low atmospheric pollution.\r\n\r\nGolf Carts stand to benefit from the C.V.T. as well in the way electric cars do. i.e.: Large range of speeds, longer driving range between charges, fewer batteries, lower maintenance cost, less weight.\r\n\r\nRide on Lawn Mowers like small tractors are gas powered and contribute to t he air pollution problem. The C.V.T. approach can prevent ride-ons to pollute the air to the extent they currently do.\r\n\r\nMotorized Wheelchairs. Battery run, speed controlled by a rheostat. Going up a ramp slowly causes a drop in power (when it's most needed). C.V.T. is a form of transmission, lower speed means MORE POWER.\r\n\r\nBicycles. Ever try to shift gears while pedaling uphill? Good news; the KINESIS C.V.T. will automatically select the appropriate for the situation \"gear\" ratio.\r\n\r\nPower tools and household appliances, that vary from bench-top drills to wash machines and blenders need to depart from the centuries old belt and pulley configuration for smoother operation and more reliability.\r\n\r\nIndustrial Equipment and production machinery often use either gears or cumbersome belt and pulley configurations. C.V.T. can do away with all that and additionally give them infinite ratios.\r\n\r\nMinimachines. Small devices that need to operate in a wide range of speeds, as the need arises. Our unique design allows the production of an inexpensive miniature C.V.T. to enable them do just that!.\r\nCONCLUSION\r\nToday, only a handful of cars worldwide make use of CVTs, but the applications and benefits of continuously variable transmissions can only increase based on today's research and development. As automakers continue to develop CVTs, more and more vehicle lines will begin to use them. As development continues, fuel efficiency and performance benefits will inevitably increase; this will lead to increased sales of CVT-equipped vehicles. Increased sales will prompt further development and implementation, and the cycle will repeat ad infinitum. Moreover, increasing development will foster competition among manufacturers automakers from Japan, Europe, and the U.S. are already either using or developing CVTs which will in turn lower manufacturing costs. Any technology with inherent benefits will eventually reach fruition; the CVT has only just begun to blossom.\r\n\r\n\r\nDownload\u00a0\r\nSeminar On Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) Report\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nMore Resources \/articles\r\nLatest seminar topic index - Report ,PPT Download\r\nMechanical MCQ Objectives Question and Answers\r\nMechanical Subjectwise Basic Concept Notes ,Articles\r\nAutomobile Engineering Projects List - Abstract , Report\r\nNew Mechanical Projects 2020 ( All Projects Post Index List )\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","headline":"Seminar On Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) Report","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-08-22","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 18, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/cvt-continuously-variable-transmission-breakdown-300x225.jpg","height":225,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/seminar-on-shaping-machine-pdf-report-free-download/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/shaping-machine-projects-300x297.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Seminar on Shaping Machine pdf Report Free Download</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/seminar-on-shaping-machine-pdf-report-free-download/">Seminar on Shaping Machine pdf Report Free Download</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Seminar on Shaping Machine pdf Report Free Download
Shaping Machine : 
The shaper is a reciprocating type of machine, basically used to produce flat surfaces and many more. This type of machine is...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/seminar-on-shaping-machine-pdf-report-free-download/" aria-label="View Post: Seminar on Shaping Machine pdf Report Free Download">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Seminar on Shaping Machine pdf Report Free Download","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/seminar-on-shaping-machine-pdf-report-free-download\/","articleBody":"Seminar on Shaping Machine pdf Report Free Download\r\nShaping Machine :\u00a0\r\nThe shaper is a reciprocating type of machine, basically used to produce flat surfaces and many more. This type of machine is used in our college to conduct experiments and practice the exam models. Hence, we are servicing and overhauling this machine, due to lots of major and minor problems, which has been identified. In this machine the various alignments were varied such as tool post alignment, table and table stand alignment, etc,. We are going to replace some items and components such as screw rod, nuts, pawl mechanism parts, crank pin and rod, etc,. The working condition of bull gear mechanism and gear box is quite difficult, so we are re-servicing it and making it accurate and fine. Additional feature we are providing is sensor, so to avoid defects and safety at accident cases and also down feed indicator system. And finally, we are re-painting it for good outlook appearance.\r\n\r\nRead More :\u00a0\r\n\r\n \tTypes Of Shaping machine | Classification Of Shaper\r\n \tHydraulic shaper machine diagram , Working , Advantages\r\n \tMajor Shaping Machine parts and its Functions\r\n \tOperation Performed On Shaping Machine Or Shaper.\r\n\r\nIntroduction\u00a0\r\nA shaper is a type of machine tool that uses linear relative motion between the work piece and a single-point cutting tool to machine a linear tool path. Its cut is analogous to that of a lathe, except that it is (archetypal) linear instead of helical. (Adding axes of motion can yield helical tool paths, as also done in helical planning.) A shaper is analogous to a planer, but smaller, and with the cutter riding a ram that moves above a stationary work piece, rather than the entire work piece moving beneath the cutter. The ram is moved back and forth typically by a crank inside the column; actuated shapers also exist.\r\n\r\n shaping machine projects\r\nTYPES OF SHAPER MACHINES: \r\nShapers are classified in number of ways depending upon the general features of design or the purpose for which they are intended. Shapers are classified under the following headings. \r\n\r\n1. According to the type of mechanism used for giving reciprocating motion to the ram: \r\n\r\n(a) Crank type (b) Geared type (c) Hydraulic type \r\n\r\n2. According to the position and travel of ram:\r\n\r\n (a) Horizontal type (b) Vertical type (c) Traveling head type \r\n\r\n3. According to the type of design of the table: \r\n\r\n(a) Standard shaper (b) Universal shaper \r\n\r\n4. According to the type of cutting stroke: \r\n\r\n(a) Push type (b) Draw type\r\nSHAPER MECHANISM:\r\nIn a shaper machine, the rotary- motion of the drive is converted into Reciprocating motion of a ram holding the tool, by means of mechanism inside the column of a machine. In a shaper, the metal is removed during forward cutting stroke, while in return Stroke no metal is removed. Therefore, in order to reduce total machining time, the Shaper mechanisms should be designed \r\n\r\nThe quick return mechanism of a machine can e obtained by the following Methods: \r\n\r\n1. Crank and slotted link mechanism. \r\n\r\n2. Whith worth quick return mechanism. \r\n\r\n3. Hydraulic shaper mechanism.\r\n\r\nPRINCIPLE OF OPERATION OF THE SHAPING MACHINE:\r\n\r\n \tThe length of stroke and position of stroke can be changed. .\r\n \tSingle Point Tool reciprocates on the job. .\r\n \tJob is fed across the tool. .\r\n \tTool is moved downward after completion of cross feed. .\r\n \tShaper machine is used for generating flat surfaces.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nDownload\u00a0\r\nSeminar on Shaping Machine pdf Report Free Download\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nMore Resources \/articles\r\nLatest seminar topic index - Report ,PPT Download\r\nMechanical MCQ Objectives Question and Answers\r\nMechanical Subjectwise Basic Concept Notes ,Articles\r\nNew Mechanical Projects 2020 ( All Projects Post Index List )\r\nRenewable Energy Sources , Power Generation Projects List - Abstract\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","headline":"Seminar on Shaping Machine pdf Report Free Download","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-08-22","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 18, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/shaping-machine-projects-300x297.jpg","height":297,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/seminar-on-electromagnetic-clutch-pdf-report-download/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Electromagnetic-Clutch-1-300x192.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Seminar on Electromagnetic Clutch Free pdf Report Download</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/seminar-on-electromagnetic-clutch-pdf-report-download/">Seminar on Electromagnetic Clutch Free pdf Report Download</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Seminar on Electromagnetic Clutch Free pdf Report Download
A clutch is a mechanism for transmitting rotation, which can be engaged and disengaged. Clutches are useful in devices that have two...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/seminar-on-electromagnetic-clutch-pdf-report-download/" aria-label="View Post: Seminar on Electromagnetic Clutch Free pdf Report Download">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Seminar on Electromagnetic Clutch Free pdf Report Download","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/seminar-on-electromagnetic-clutch-pdf-report-download\/","articleBody":"Seminar on Electromagnetic Clutch Free pdf Report Download\r\nA clutch is a mechanism for transmitting rotation, which can be engaged and disengaged. Clutches are useful in devices that have two rotating shafts. In these devices, one shaft is typically driven by motor or pulley, and other shaft drives another device. The clutch connects the two shafts so that they can either be locked together and spin at the s ame speed (engaged), or be decoupled and spin at different speeds (disengaged).\r\n\r\nThe clutch disc (centre) spins with the flywheel (left). To disengage, the lever is pulled (black arrow), causing a white pressure plate (right) to disengage the green clutch disc from turning the drive shaft, which turns within the thrust-bearing ring of the lever. Never will all 3 rings connect, with any gaps.\r\n\r\nElectromagnetic clutches operate electrically, but transmit torque mechanically. This is why they used to be referred to as electro-mechanical clutches.\r\n\r\nCONSTRUCTION\r\n\r\nA horseshoe magnet has a north and south pole. If a piece of carbon steel contacts both poles, a magnetic circuit is created. In an electromagnetic clutch, the north and south pole is created by a coil shell and a wound coil. In a clutch, when power is applied, a magnetic field is created in the coil. This field (flux) overcomes an air gap between the clutch ro tor and the armature. This magnetic attraction, pulls t he armature in contact with the rotor face. The frictional contact, which is being controlled by the strength of the magnetic field, is what causes the rotational motion to start. The torque comes from the magnetic attraction, of the coil and the friction between the steel of the armature and the steel of the clutch rotor. For many industrial clutches, friction material is used between the poles. The material is mainly used to help decrease the wear rate, but different types of material can also be used to change the coefficient of friction (torque for special applications). For example, if the clutch is required to have an extended time to speed or slip time, a low coefficient friction material can be used and if a clutch is required to have a slightly higher torque (mostly for low rpm applications), a high coefficient friction material can be used.\r\nIn a clutch, the electromagnetic lines of flux have to pass into the rotor, and in turn, attract and pull the armature in contact with it to complete clutch engagement. Most industrial clutches use what is called a single flux, two pole design. Mobile clutches of other specialty electromagnetic clutches can use a double or triple flux rotor. The double or trip flux refers to the number of north\/south flux paths, i n the rotor and armature.\r\n\r\nThis means that, if the armature is designed properly and has similar banana slots, what occurs is a leaping of the flux path, which goes north south, north south. By having more points of contact, the torque can be greatly increased. In theory, if there were 2 sets of poles at the same diameter, the torque would double in a clutch. Obviously, that is not possible to do, so the points of contact have to be at a smaller inner diameter. Also, there are magnetic flux losses because of the bridges between the banana slots. But by using a double flux design, a 30%-50% increase in torque, can be achieved, and by using a triple flux design, a 40%-90% in torque can be achieved. This is important in applications where size and weight are critical, such as auto motive requirements. The coil shell is made with carbon steel that has a combination of good strength and good magnetic properties. Copper (sometimes aluminium) magnet wire, is used to create the coil, which is held in shell either by a bobbin or by some type of epoxy\/adhesive.\r\n\r\n Electromagnetic Clutch\r\nOBJECTIVE\r\nA control circuit is to be designed to control the motor and drive unit. The Design specifications are to be fully implemented. An incomplete circuit and equipments are given and once it is understood appropriate values for the different components should be decided. These values should allow the circuit to perform as specified.\r\nDesign Specification\r\nA circuit is to be designed which is\r\n1. Allows the angular speed of the motor to build up to a value of 20 revolutions per minute (rpm), in a time of 2 seconds (s).\r\n2. Maintains the angular speed of 20 rpm for a time of 3s.\r\n3. When clutch pedal is pressed it brings the machine to a halt in a time of 1s.\r\n4. Builds up the angular speed again to 20 rpm, in a time of 2s, except this time in the opposite direction.\r\n5. Maintains the angular speed of 20 rpm for a time of 6s.\r\n6. Brings the machine to a halt in a time of 1s.\r\n7. Repeats the cycle above (1-6) indefinitely when powered on.\r\n\r\nThe motor must not be in dynamic braking mode at the same time as it is being driven .\r\nConclusions\r\nHaving designed and constructed the circuit it was felt that it met all of the given specifications although there were still a number of improvements that could have been made. These improvements have been covered briefly in the discussion section and given more time they could have been implemented in the circuit. As already mentioned the only specifications not met were that on start-up the machine should rotate for 3 seconds in one direction before braking and reversing. Using the clutch method mentioned in the discussions could solve this but the design brief given did not extend to cover the drum so has not been included in the final design.\r\n\r\nDuring the course of the project a number of other points became evident which greatly ease the process of designing an electronic circuit. Simulation using a computer package such as P spice saves a considerable amount of time by allowing the circuit to be easily laid out and tested. Any changes required can be made easily without disturbing the rest of the circuit. Another advantage of P spice is the ability to produce graphs of the outputs from the circuit, which can then be scaled, formatted and printed as required. To do this for the actual circuit requires very specialised and expensive equipment.\r\n\r\nIn conclusion, the group felt that all objectives had been met and that the final circuit was successful in fulfilling its role. A number of important lessons were learned about the problems involved in designing a circuit to meet a real-world need and ways of overcoming these problems were found.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nDownload\u00a0\r\nSeminar on Electromagnetic Clutch Free pdf Report Download\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nMore Resources \/articles\r\nLatest seminar topic index - Report ,PPT Download\r\nMechanical MCQ Objectives Question and Answers\r\nMechanical Subjectwise Basic Concept Notes ,Articles\r\nNew Mechanical Projects 2020 ( All Projects Post Index List )\r\nRobotic and automation projects List - Abstract , Report\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","headline":"Seminar on Electromagnetic Clutch Free pdf Report Download","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-08-22","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 18, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Electromagnetic-Clutch-1-300x192.jpg","height":192,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/seminar-quasi-turbine-engine-report-download/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/QUASI-TURBINE-ENGINE-285x300.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Seminar on Quasi Turbine Engine Report PDF Download </span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/seminar-quasi-turbine-engine-report-download/">Seminar on Quasi Turbine Engine Report PDF Download </a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Seminar on Quasi Turbine Engine Report PDF Download 
INTRODUCTION
The Saint - Hilaire family first patented the Quasiturbine combustion engine in 1996. The Quasiturbine concept resulted from...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/seminar-quasi-turbine-engine-report-download/" aria-label="View Post: Seminar on Quasi Turbine Engine Report PDF Download ">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Seminar on Quasi Turbine Engine Report PDF Download\u00a0","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/seminar-quasi-turbine-engine-report-download\/","articleBody":"Seminar on Quasi Turbine Engine Report PDF Download\u00a0\r\nINTRODUCTION\r\nThe Saint - Hilaire family first patented the Quasiturbine combustion engine in 1996. The Quasiturbine concept resulted from research that began with an intense evaluation of all engine concepts to note advantageous, disadvantageous and opportunities for improvement. During this exploratory process, the Saint \u2013 Hilaire team came to realize that a unique engine solution would be one that made improvements to the standard Wankel or rotary engine. Like rotary engines, the Quasiturbine engine is based on a rotorand- housing design. But instead of three blades, the Quasiturbine rotor has four elements chained together, with combustion chambers located between each element and the walls of the housing.\r\n\r\nThe main Components of this engine is described below.\r\n\r\nThe housing (stator), which is a near oval known as the \"Saint-Hilaire skating rink,\" forms the cavity in which the rotor rotates. The housing contains four ports:\r\n\r\n \tA port where the spark plugs normally sits.\r\n \tA port that is closed with a removable plug.\r\n \tA port for the intake of air.\r\n \tAn exhaust port used to release the waste gases of combustion.\r\n\r\nThe housing is enclosed on each side by two covers. The covers have three ports of their own, allowing for maximum flexibility in how the engine is configured. For example, one port can serve as an intake from a conventional carburetor or be fitted with a gas or diesel injector, while another can serve as an alternate location for a spark plug. One of\u00a0 the three ports is a large outlet for exhaust gasses.\r\n\r\nQUASI TURBINE ENGINE\r\n\r\nAdvantageous and Disadvantageous\r\n\r\nAdvantageous:\r\n\r\n1. Simplicity and small size.\r\n2. Zero vibration because the engine is perfectly balanced.\r\n3. Faster acceleration without a flywheel.\r\n4. Higher torque at lower rpm.\r\n5. Nearly oil free operation.\r\n6. Less Noise\r\n7. Complete flexibility to operate completely submerged or in any orientation even upside down.\r\n8. Fewer moving parts for less wear and tear.\r\n9. It increases the fuel efficiency.\r\n10.It can run on different kinds of fuel.\r\n\r\nDisadvantageous\r\n\r\n \tThe design of Quasiturbine engine is typically built of aluminium and cast iron, which expand and contract by different degrees when\r\nexposed to heat leading to some incidence of leakage. \r\n \tThe Quasiturbine engine is still in its infancy. The engine is not used in any real world application. It is still in its prototype phase.\r\n\r\nConclusion\r\n\r\nIn the future, however, you will likely see the Quasiturbine used in more than just your car. Because the central engine area is voluminous\r\nand requires no central shaft, it can accommodate generators, propellers and other output devices, making it an ideal engine to power chain saws, powered parachutes, snowmobiles, air compressors, ship propulsion systems and electric power plants .\r\n\r\n\r\nDownload\u00a0\r\nSeminar on Quasi Turbine Engine Report PDF Download\u00a0\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nMore Resources \/articles\r\nLatest seminar topic index - Report ,PPT Download\r\nMechanical Subjectwise Basic Concept Notes ,Articles\r\nIndustrial Engineering Notes , Articles , Interview Que &amp; Ans\r\nNew Mechanical Projects 2020 ( All Projects Post Index List )\r\nCAD \/ CAM Projects List - Abstract , Report Download\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","headline":"Seminar on Quasi Turbine Engine Report PDF Download\u00a0","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-08-21","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 18, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/QUASI-TURBINE-ENGINE-285x300.jpg","height":300,"width":285},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/seminar-on-3d-printing-technology-report-pdf-free-download/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/3d-printing-300x194.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Seminar On 3D Printing Technology Report pdf Free Download</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/seminar-on-3d-printing-technology-report-pdf-free-download/">Seminar On 3D Printing Technology Report pdf Free Download</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Seminar On 3D Printing Technology Report pdf Free Download
INTRODUCTION  3D printing (or additive manufacturing, AM) is any of various processes used to make a three-dimensional object. In 3D...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/seminar-on-3d-printing-technology-report-pdf-free-download/" aria-label="View Post: Seminar On 3D Printing Technology Report pdf Free Download">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Seminar On 3D Printing Technology Report pdf Free Download","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/seminar-on-3d-printing-technology-report-pdf-free-download\/","articleBody":"Seminar On 3D Printing Technology Report pdf Free Download\r\nINTRODUCTION \r\n\r\n3D printing (or additive manufacturing, AM) is any of various processes used to make a three-dimensional object. In 3D printing, additive processes are used, in which successive layers of material are laid down under computer control. These objects can be of almost any shape or geometry, and are produced from a 3D model or other electronic data source. A 3D printer is a type of industrial robot. 3D printing in the term's original sense refers to processes that sequentially deposit material onto a powder bed with inkjet printer heads. More recently the meaning of the term has expanded to encompass a wider variety of techniques such as extrusion and sintering based processes. Technical standards generally use the term additive manufacturing for this broader sense.\r\n\r\nPRINCIPLES\r\n\r\nThe manual modeling process of preparing geometric data for 3D computer graphics is similar to plastic arts such as sculpting. 3D scanning is a process of analysing and collecting digital data on the shape and appearance of a real object. Based on this data, three-dimensional models of the scanned object can then be produced.\r\nRegardless of the 3D modelling software used, the 3D model (often in .skp, .dae, .3ds or some other format) then needs to be converted to either a.STL or a .OBJ format, to allow the printing (a.k.a. \"CAM\") software to be able to read it.\r\n\r\nPrinting Before printing a 3D model from an STL file, it must first be examined for \"manifold errors\", this step being called the \"fixup\". Especially STL's that have been produced from a model obtained through 3D scanning often have many manifold errors in them that need to be fixed. Examples of manifold errors are surfaces that do not connect, gaps in the models, ... Examples of software that can be used to fix these errors are netfabb and Meshmixer, or even Cura, or Slic3r.\r\n\r\nOnce that's done, the .STL file needs to be processed by a piece of software called a \"slicer\" which converts the model into a series of thin layers and produces a G-code file containing instructions tailored to a specific type of 3D printer (FDM printers). This G-code file can then be printed with 3D printing client software (which loads the G-code, and uses it to instruct the 3D printer during the 3D printing process). It should be noted here that often, the client software and the slicer are combined into one software program in practice. Several open source slicer programs exist, including Skeinforge, Slic3r, and Cura as well as closed source programs including Simplify3D and KISSlicer. Examples of 3D printing clients include Repetier-Host, ReplicatorG, Printrun\/Pronterface, etc\r\n\r\n3d printing\r\n\r\nRapid manufacturing\r\n\r\nAdvances in RP technology have introduced materials that are appropriate for final manufacture, which has in turn introduced the possibility of directly manufacturing finished components. One advantage of 3D printing for rapid manufacturing lies in the relatively inexpensive production of small numbers of parts.\r\nRapid manufacturing is a new method of manufacturing and many of its processes remain unproven. 3D printing is now entering the field of rapid manufacturing and was identified as a \"next level\" technology by many experts in a 2009 report. One of the most promising processes looks to be the adaptation of selective laser sintering (SLS), or direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) some of the better-established rapid prototyping methods. As of 2006, however, these techniques were still very much in their infancy, with many obstacles to be overcome before RM could be considered a realistic manufacturing method.\r\n\r\nRapid prototyping\r\n\r\nIndustrial 3D printers have existed since the early 1980s and have been used extensively for rapid prototyping and research purposes. These are generally larger machines that use proprietary powdered metals, casting media (e.g. sand), plastics, paper or cartridges, and are used for rapid prototyping by universities and commercial companies.\r\n\r\n3D printing can be particularly useful in research labs due to its ability to make specialised, bespoke geometries. In 2012 a proof of principle project at the University of Glasgow, UK, showed that it is possible to use 3D printing techniques to assist in the production of chemical compounds. They first printed chemical reaction vessels, then used the printer to deposit reactants into them.\r\n\r\nThey have produced new compounds to verify the validity of the process, but have not pursued anything with a particular application.\r\nCONCLUSION\r\n3D printing is not just an fancy tenchnology anymore. It will impact our lives in a big way and drastically solve many problems of our society and multiple disciplines. Apart from manufacturing, the most defining impact we have seen till now is in healthcare and education. Soon, 3D printing will part of the mainstream technologies and will be used by consumers in a large scale. It\u2019s our duty and responsibility to use this technology to the best of mankind and prevent its misuse. Its time we embrace and learn even more about 3D printing.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nDownload\u00a0\r\nSeminar On 3D Printing Technology Report pdf Free Download\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nMore Resources \/articles\r\nLatest seminar topic index - Report ,PPT Download\r\nMechanical Subjectwise Basic Concept Notes ,Articles\r\nNew Mechanical Projects 2020 ( All Projects Post Index List )\r\nDesign and Fabrication projects - Abstract , Report Download\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","headline":"Seminar On 3D Printing Technology Report pdf Free Download","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-08-21","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 18, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/3d-printing-300x194.jpg","height":194,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/design-and-fabrication-of-mini-hydraulic-press-machine-report/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/mini-hydraulic-machine-project-report-Donwnload-300x282.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Design and Fabrication of Mini Hydraulic Press Machine Report</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/design-and-fabrication-of-mini-hydraulic-press-machine-report/">Design and Fabrication of Mini Hydraulic Press Machine Report</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Design and Fabrication of Mini Hydraulic Press Machine Report
ABSTRACT
Here we are fabricating the model for press operation and it’s known as hydraulic press machine. Hydraulics is a topic in...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/design-and-fabrication-of-mini-hydraulic-press-machine-report/" aria-label="View Post: Design and Fabrication of Mini Hydraulic Press Machine Report">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Design and Fabrication of Mini Hydraulic Press Machine Report","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/design-and-fabrication-of-mini-hydraulic-press-machine-report\/","articleBody":"Design and Fabrication of Mini Hydraulic Press Machine Report\r\nABSTRACT\r\nHere we are fabricating the model for press operation and it\u2019s known as hydraulic press machine. Hydraulics is a topic in applied science and engineering dealing with the mechanical properties of liquids. Fluid mechanics provides the theoretical foundation for hydraulics, which focuses on the engineering uses of fluid properties. In fluid power, hydraulics is used for the generation, control, and transmission of power by the use of pressurized liquids, here our system to making of pressing operation. The hydraulic press depends on Pascal's principle: the pressure throughout a closed system is constant. At one end of the system is a piston with a small cross-sectional area driven by a lever to increase the force. Small-diameter tubing leads to the other end of the system.\r\n\r\nRead more :\u00a0Project | Design and Fabrication Of Mini Hydraulic Press Machine\r\nINTRODUCTION\r\nThe hydraulic bending press is one of the most flexible machines in the market, allowing the fabricator or ironworker to shear, punch, bend, scroll, and press thousands of different parts. When considering industrial machinery, the hydraulic bending press is the perfect machine shop tool for the metal fabricator. The hydraulic pipe bending press fits any small to medium-sized industry when machinery for large-scale production must necessarily make way for machinery with distinctly lower production costs. The operating procedure of hydraulic pipe bending machine is simple when compared to other pipe bending machine (Colliers Encyclopaedia, 1997). Tube bending as a process starts with loading a tube into a pipe bender and clamping it into place between two dies, the clamping block and the forming die. The tube is also loosely held by two other dies, the wiper die and the pressure die.\r\n\r\nThe process of tube bending involves using mechanical force to push stock material pipe or tubing against a die, forcing the pipe or tube to conform to the shape of the die. Often, stock tubing is held firmly in place while the end is rotated and rolled around the die. Other forms of processing including pushing stock through rollers that bend it into a simple curve.\r\nDesign Details\r\nThere is no fixed machine design procedure for when the new machine element of the machine is being designed a number of options have to be considered. When designing machine one cannot apply rigid rules to get the best design for the machine at the lowest possible cost. The designer who develops the habit of following a fixed line of steps for designing the machine or machine elements cannot come out with the best product. Figure 1 shows the design details of the hydraulic pipe bending machine\r\nMETHODOLOGY\r\nThis project is designed with\r\n\r\n \tHydraulic bottle cylinder\r\n \tPressing tool\r\n\r\nWORKING PRINCIPLE\r\nHere we are placing the hydraulic bottle cylinder on the based plate, and the pressing tool is fixed in the hydraulic piston rod end. The working table is placed on the op of the supporting frame. It can be adjusted according to the work piece height by adjusting the lock nuts which is placed at the either side of the work table. The hydraulic bottle cylinder is working with the help of supply of oil from the pumping rod side. Here we have to tight the pressure relief valve then to start pumping with help of pumping rod by pumping, the oil will supply to push the piston upward direction by this pressing tool will move through it to pressing the workpiece. By the completing the bending process we have to release the pressure relief valve then the piston comes it original position.\r\n\r\nmini hydraulic machine project report Download\r\n\r\nADVANTAGES\r\n\r\n \tquite simple\r\n \teasy maintenance\r\n \tlow cast\r\n\r\nDISADVANTAGES\r\n\r\ngetting very tired when continuous process\r\n\r\nAPPLICATIONS\r\n\r\nUsed in small and large scale industries and cable wire making industries etc..,\r\n\r\nConclusion\r\n\r\nThis work has provided a n excellent opportunity and experience, to use limited knowledge. It has gained a lot of practical knowledge regarding, planning, purchasing, assembling and machining while doing this project work. The work is a good solution to bridge the gates between institution and industries. The work is completed the work with the limited time successfully. The \u201cHYDRAULIC PIPE BENDING MACHINE\u201d is working with satisfactory.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nDownload\u00a0\r\nDesign and Fabrication of Mini Hydraulic Press Machine PDF Report\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nMore Resources \/articles\r\nHydraulic and Pneumatic Projects List - Abstract , Report Download\r\nProject Sample report , Final report Download\r\nStructural analysis and Design 3d Model Projects\r\nDesign and Fabrication projects - Abstract , Report Download\r\nNew Mechanical Projects 2020 ( All Projects Post Index List )\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","headline":"Design and Fabrication of Mini Hydraulic Press Machine Report","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-08-12","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 18, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/mini-hydraulic-machine-project-report-Donwnload-300x282.jpg","height":282,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <nav class="pagination-wrapper" aria-label="article pagination"> <a class="prev page-numbers" href="?page_num=24">&laquo; PREV</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=1"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>1</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">&hellip;</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=23"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>23</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=24"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>24</a> <span aria-current="page" class="page-numbers current"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>25</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=26"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>26</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=27"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>27</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">&hellip;</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=338"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>338</a> <a class="next page-numbers" href="?page_num=26">NEXT &raquo;</a></nav></section></main><aside id="secondary" class="widget-area"><div class="about-wrapper"><h2 class="widget-title" style="background: #d693c6; color: #ff392e">About Us</h2><div class="about-image" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Sachin-Thorat-300x300-min.png')"></div><p class="about-copy">LearnMech.Com is a Mechanical Project-oriented platform run by Sachin Thorat who is a B-Tech Graduate in Mechanical Engineering. Read more about this portal or Sachin Thorat click on below button!</p> <button onclick="window.location.href='//www.gunkrazy.com/about-me/';">READ MORE</button></div><section id="custom_html-5" class="widget_text widget widget_custom_html"><h2 class="widget-title">Get Dialy Update On Email</h2><div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><form style="border:1px solid #ccc;padding:3px;text-align:center;" action="https://feedburner.google.com/fb/a/mailverify" method="post" target="popupwindow" onsubmit="window.open('https://feedburner.google.com/fb/a/mailverify?uri=mechenggnet', 'popupwindow', 'scrollbars=yes,width=550,height=520');return true"><p>Enter your email address:</p><p><input type="text" style="width:140px" name="email"/></p><input type="hidden" value="mechenggnet" name="uri"/><input type="hidden" name="loc" value="en_US"/><input type="submit" value="Subscribe" /><p>Delivered by <a href="https://feedburner.google.com" target="_blank">FeedBurner</a></p></form></div></section><section id="categories-5" class="widget widget_categories"><h2 class="widget-title">Menu</h2><ul><li class="cat-item cat-item-103"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/category/automobile-engineering/">Automobile Engineering</a> (209)</li><li class="cat-item cat-item-98"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/category/cad-cam-software/">CAD Design Software</a> (110)</li><li class="cat-item cat-item-100"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/category/career/">Career in Mechanical</a> (57)</li><li class="cat-item cat-item-101"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/category/exam-gate-ies/">Exam &#8211; GATE ,IES</a> (50)</li><li class="cat-item cat-item-116"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/category/fabrication/">Fabrication Guide</a> (92)</li><li class="cat-item cat-item-110"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/category/fluid-power-system/">Hydraulic and Pneumatic System</a> (59)</li><li class="cat-item cat-item-115"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/category/production-management/">Industrial Engineering</a> (103)</li><li class="cat-item cat-item-102"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/category/interview-guide/">Interview Guide</a> (23)</li><li class="cat-item cat-item-99"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/category/machine-design/">Machine Design</a> (106)</li><li class="cat-item cat-item-117"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/category/machine-tools/">Machine Shop</a> (103)</li><li class="cat-item cat-item-109"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/category/manufacturing-engineering/">Manufacturing Technology</a> (154)</li><li class="cat-item cat-item-113"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/category/material-science/">Material Science</a> (42)</li><li class="cat-item cat-item-97"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/category/mechanical-projects/">Mechanical Projects Report</a> (652)</li><li class="cat-item cat-item-106"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/category/seminar-topics/">Mechanical Seminar</a> (85)</li><li class="cat-item cat-item-107"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/category/automation-robotics/">Mechatronics</a> (36)</li><li class="cat-item cat-item-111"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/category/measurement-science/">Metrology and Instrumentation</a> (61)</li><li class="cat-item cat-item-108"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/category/power-engineering/">Power Engineering</a> (38)</li><li class="cat-item cat-item-112"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/category/mechanical-project-list/">Project Lists</a> (73)</li><li class="cat-item cat-item-114"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/category/technical-questions/">Technical Questions</a> (139)</li><li class="cat-item cat-item-105"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/category/theory-of-machine/">Theory Of Machine</a> (36)</li><li class="cat-item cat-item-104"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/category/thermodynamics/">Thermal Engineering</a> (129)</li><li class="cat-item cat-item-1"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/category/uncategorized/">Uncategorized</a> (1)</li></ul></section></aside></div></div><footer id="colophon" class="site-footer"><div class="inner-wrap footer-option-1"><div class="menu-footer-container"><ul id="footer-menu" class="inner-wrap"><li id="menu-item-11367" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-home current-menu-item page_item page-item-11350 current_page_item menu-item-11367"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/" aria-current="page">Home</a></li><li id="menu-item-11368" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11368"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/blog/">Blog</a></li><li id="menu-item-11370" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11370"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/about-me/">About</a></li><li id="menu-item-11372" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11372"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/contact-us/">Contact</a></li><li id="menu-item-11369" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-privacy-policy menu-item-11369"><a rel="privacy-policy" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/privacy/">Privacy</a></li><li id="menu-item-11373" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11373"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/terms-and-conditions_77/">Terms</a></li><li id="menu-item-11371" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11371"><a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/advertise/">Advertise</a></li></ul></div><div class="site-info"> &copy; 2025 Copyright Learn Mechanical Engineering</div></div></footer></div> <!--noptimize--><!--email_off--><style type='text/css'>.maxbutton-69.maxbutton.maxbutton-more-resources-new{position:relative;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;width:290px;height:32px;border-width:0px;border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;background-color:#565656;box-shadow:0px 0px 2px 0px #333333}.maxbutton-69.maxbutton.maxbutton-more-resources-new:hover{background-color:#636363;box-shadow:0px 0px 2px 0px #333333}.maxbutton-69.maxbutton.maxbutton-more-resources-new .mb-text{color:#ffffff;font-family:Tahoma;font-size:14px;text-align:center;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold;line-height:1em;box-sizing:border-box;display:block;background-color:unset;padding:10px 0px 0px 0px;text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #505ac7}.maxbutton-69.maxbutton.maxbutton-more-resources-new:hover .mb-text{color:#ffffff;text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #333333}@media only screen and (min-width:0px) and (max-width:480px){.maxbutton-69.maxbutton.maxbutton-more-resources-new{width:90%}.maxbutton-69.maxbutton.maxbutton-more-resources-new .mb-text{font-size:11px}}
.maxbutton-28.maxbutton.maxbutton-seminar-index{position:relative;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;width:550px;height:28px;border:2px solid #505ac7;border-radius:20px 20px 20px 20px;background-color:#4db8c1;box-shadow:0px 0px 2px 0px #333333}.maxbutton-28.maxbutton.maxbutton-seminar-index:hover{border-color:#505ac7;background-color:white;box-shadow:0px 0px 2px 0px #333333}.maxbutton-28.maxbutton.maxbutton-seminar-index .mb-text{color:#303030;font-family:Georgia;font-size:15px;text-align:center;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold;line-height:1em;box-sizing:border-box;display:block;background-color:unset;padding:7px 0px 0px 0px;text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #505ac7}.maxbutton-28.maxbutton.maxbutton-seminar-index:hover .mb-text{color:#afa746;text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #333333}@media only screen and (min-width:0px) and (max-width:480px){.maxbutton-28.maxbutton.maxbutton-seminar-index{width:90%}.maxbutton-28.maxbutton.maxbutton-seminar-index .mb-text{font-size:12px}}
.maxbutton-71.maxbutton.maxbutton-fvfvfv{position:relative;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;width:550px;height:27px;border:2px solid #505ac7;border-radius:25px 25px 25px 25px;background-color:#8c6038;box-shadow:0px 0px 2px 0px #333333}.maxbutton-71.maxbutton.maxbutton-fvfvfv:hover{border-color:#505ac7;background-color:white;box-shadow:0px 0px 2px 0px #333333}.maxbutton-71.maxbutton.maxbutton-fvfvfv .mb-text{color:#ffffff;font-family:Tahoma;font-size:14px;text-align:center;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold;line-height:1em;box-sizing:border-box;display:block;background-color:unset;padding:7px 0px 0px 0px;text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #505ac7}.maxbutton-71.maxbutton.maxbutton-fvfvfv:hover .mb-text{color:#505ac7;text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #333333}@media only screen and (min-width:0px) and (max-width:480px){.maxbutton-71.maxbutton.maxbutton-fvfvfv{width:90%}.maxbutton-71.maxbutton.maxbutton-fvfvfv .mb-text{font-size:11px}}
.maxbutton-4.maxbutton.maxbutton-basic-booster{position:relative;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;width:580px;height:30px;border-width:0px;border-radius:18px 18px 18px 18px;background-color:#9871b7;box-shadow:0px 0px 2px 0px #333333}.maxbutton-4.maxbutton.maxbutton-basic-booster:hover{background-color:white;box-shadow:0px 0px 2px 0px #333333}.maxbutton-4.maxbutton.maxbutton-basic-booster .mb-text{color:#ffffff;font-family:Trebuchet MS;font-size:17px;text-align:center;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold;line-height:1em;box-sizing:border-box;display:block;background-color:unset;padding:6px 0px 0px 0px;text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #505ac7}.maxbutton-4.maxbutton.maxbutton-basic-booster:hover .mb-text{color:#505ac7;text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #333333}@media only screen and (min-width:0px) and (max-width:480px){.maxbutton-4.maxbutton.maxbutton-basic-booster{width:90%}.maxbutton-4.maxbutton.maxbutton-basic-booster .mb-text{font-size:13px}}
.maxbutton-33.maxbutton.maxbutton-automobile-projects{position:relative;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;width:550px;height:28px;border:2px solid #c5e059;border-radius:20px 20px 20px 20px;background-color:#eded93;box-shadow:0px 0px 2px 0px #333333}.maxbutton-33.maxbutton.maxbutton-automobile-projects:hover{border-color:#4ec48f;background-color:white;box-shadow:0px 0px 2px 0px #333333}.maxbutton-33.maxbutton.maxbutton-automobile-projects .mb-text{color:#ff1e1e;font-family:Tahoma;font-size:15px;text-align:center;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold;line-height:1em;box-sizing:border-box;display:block;background-color:unset;padding:7px 0px 0px 0px;text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #505ac7}.maxbutton-33.maxbutton.maxbutton-automobile-projects:hover .mb-text{color:#873f36;text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #333333}@media only screen and (min-width:0px) and (max-width:480px){.maxbutton-33.maxbutton.maxbutton-automobile-projects{width:90%}.maxbutton-33.maxbutton.maxbutton-automobile-projects .mb-text{font-size:12px}}
.maxbutton-29.maxbutton.maxbutton-project-main{position:relative;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;width:550px;height:28px;border:1px solid #212121;border-radius:20px 20px 20px 20px;background-color:rgba(237, 237, 33, 0.99);box-shadow:0px 1px 0px 0px #9b9904}.maxbutton-29.maxbutton.maxbutton-project-main:hover{border-color:#dd9933;background-color:white;box-shadow:0px 1px 0px 0px #333333}.maxbutton-29.maxbutton.maxbutton-project-main .mb-text{color:#c61300;font-family:Tahoma;font-size:15px;text-align:center;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold;line-height:1em;box-sizing:border-box;display:block;background-color:unset;padding:8px 0px 0px 2px;text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #505ac7}.maxbutton-29.maxbutton.maxbutton-project-main:hover .mb-text{color:#4bbac6;text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #333333}@media only screen and (min-width:0px) and (max-width:480px){.maxbutton-29.maxbutton.maxbutton-project-main{width:90%}.maxbutton-29.maxbutton.maxbutton-project-main .mb-text{font-size:12px}}
.maxbutton-36.maxbutton.maxbutton-renewable-energy-sources-power-generation-projects{position:relative;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;width:600px;height:27px;border:2px solid #8c7c38;border-radius:25px 25px 25px 25px;background-color:#c9d856;box-shadow:0px 0px 2px 0px #333333}.maxbutton-36.maxbutton.maxbutton-renewable-energy-sources-power-generation-projects:hover{border-color:#a8437a;background-color:white;box-shadow:0px 0px 2px 0px #333333}.maxbutton-36.maxbutton.maxbutton-renewable-energy-sources-power-generation-projects .mb-text{color:#333333;font-family:Tahoma;font-size:14px;text-align:center;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold;line-height:1em;box-sizing:border-box;display:block;background-color:unset;padding:7px 0px 0px 0px;text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #505ac7}.maxbutton-36.maxbutton.maxbutton-renewable-energy-sources-power-generation-projects:hover .mb-text{color:#41a36e;text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #333333}@media only screen and (min-width:0px) and (max-width:480px){.maxbutton-36.maxbutton.maxbutton-renewable-energy-sources-power-generation-projects{width:90%}.maxbutton-36.maxbutton.maxbutton-renewable-energy-sources-power-generation-projects .mb-text{font-size:11px}}
.maxbutton-35.maxbutton.maxbutton-robotic-and-automation-projects{position:relative;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;width:450px;height:28px;border:2px solid #50c9c5;border-radius:25px 25px 25px 25px;background-color:#20bcdb;box-shadow:0px 0px 2px 0px #333333}.maxbutton-35.maxbutton.maxbutton-robotic-and-automation-projects:hover{border-color:#93543b;background-color:white;box-shadow:0px 0px 2px 0px #333333}.maxbutton-35.maxbutton.maxbutton-robotic-and-automation-projects .mb-text{color:#ffffff;font-family:Tahoma;font-size:15px;text-align:center;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold;line-height:1em;box-sizing:border-box;display:block;background-color:unset;padding:7px 0px 0px 0px;text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #505ac7}.maxbutton-35.maxbutton.maxbutton-robotic-and-automation-projects:hover .mb-text{color:#505ac7;text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #333333}@media only screen and (min-width:0px) and (max-width:480px){.maxbutton-35.maxbutton.maxbutton-robotic-and-automation-projects{width:90%}.maxbutton-35.maxbutton.maxbutton-robotic-and-automation-projects .mb-text{font-size:12px}}
.maxbutton-23.maxbutton.maxbutton-industrial-engg-notes{position:relative;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;width:600px;height:28px;border:1px ridge #505ac7;border-radius:20px 20px 20px 20px;background:rgba(118, 152, 188, 0.83);-pie-background:linear-gradient(rgba(118, 152, 188, 0.83) 45%, rgba(188, 177, 52, 0.55));background:-webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, color-stop(45%, rgba(118, 152, 188, 0.83)), color-stop(1, rgba(188, 177, 52, 0.55)));background:-moz-linear-gradient(rgba(118, 152, 188, 0.83) 45%, rgba(188, 177, 52, 0.55));background:-o-linear-gradient(rgba(118, 152, 188, 0.83) 45%, rgba(188, 177, 52, 0.55));background:linear-gradient(rgba(118, 152, 188, 0.83) 45%, rgba(188, 177, 52, 0.55));box-shadow:0px 0px 0px 0px #333333}.maxbutton-23.maxbutton.maxbutton-industrial-engg-notes:hover{border-color:#505ac7;background:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.78);-pie-background:linear-gradient(rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.78) 45%, white);background:-webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, color-stop(45%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.78)), color-stop(1, white));background:-moz-linear-gradient(rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.78) 45%, white);background:-o-linear-gradient(rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.78) 45%, white);background:linear-gradient(rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.78) 45%, white);box-shadow:0px 0px 0px 0px #333333}.maxbutton-23.maxbutton.maxbutton-industrial-engg-notes .mb-text{color:#000482;font-family:Tahoma;font-size:15px;text-align:center;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold;line-height:1em;box-sizing:border-box;display:block;background-color:unset;padding:8px 0px 0px 0px;text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #505ac7}.maxbutton-23.maxbutton.maxbutton-industrial-engg-notes:hover .mb-text{color:#407c31;text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #333333}@media only screen and (min-width:0px) and (max-width:480px){.maxbutton-23.maxbutton.maxbutton-industrial-engg-notes{width:90%}.maxbutton-23.maxbutton.maxbutton-industrial-engg-notes .mb-text{font-size:12px}}
.maxbutton-38.maxbutton.maxbutton-cad-cam-projects{position:relative;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;width:550px;height:28px;border:1px solid #505ac7;border-radius:25px 25px 25px 25px;background-color:#963ee8;box-shadow:0px 0px 0px 0px #333333}.maxbutton-38.maxbutton.maxbutton-cad-cam-projects:hover{border-color:#505ac7;background-color:white;box-shadow:0px 0px 0px 0px #333333}.maxbutton-38.maxbutton.maxbutton-cad-cam-projects .mb-text{color:#ffffff;font-family:Tahoma;font-size:15px;text-align:center;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold;line-height:1em;box-sizing:border-box;display:block;background-color:unset;padding:7px 0px 0px 0px;text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #505ac7}.maxbutton-38.maxbutton.maxbutton-cad-cam-projects:hover .mb-text{color:#505ac7;text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #333333}@media only screen and (min-width:0px) and (max-width:480px){.maxbutton-38.maxbutton.maxbutton-cad-cam-projects{width:90%}.maxbutton-38.maxbutton.maxbutton-cad-cam-projects .mb-text{font-size:12px}}
.maxbutton-30.maxbutton.maxbutton-design-and-fabrication-projects{position:relative;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;width:550px;height:28px;border:2px double #505ac7;border-radius:20px 20px 20px 20px;background-color:#4cbfa2;box-shadow:0px 0px 2px 0px #333333}.maxbutton-30.maxbutton.maxbutton-design-and-fabrication-projects:hover{border-color:#505ac7;background-color:white;box-shadow:0px 0px 2px 0px #333333}.maxbutton-30.maxbutton.maxbutton-design-and-fabrication-projects .mb-text{color:#ffffff;font-family:Trebuchet MS;font-size:14px;text-align:center;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold;line-height:1em;box-sizing:border-box;display:block;background-color:unset;padding:7px 0px 0px 0px;text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #505ac7}.maxbutton-30.maxbutton.maxbutton-design-and-fabrication-projects:hover .mb-text{color:#505ac7;text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #333333}@media only screen and (min-width:0px) and (max-width:480px){.maxbutton-30.maxbutton.maxbutton-design-and-fabrication-projects{width:90%}.maxbutton-30.maxbutton.maxbutton-design-and-fabrication-projects .mb-text{font-size:11px}}
.maxbutton-32.maxbutton.maxbutton-hydraulic-and-pneumatic-projects{position:relative;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;width:600px;height:28px;border:2px solid #505ac7;border-radius:20px 20px 20px 20px;background-color:#c0acc1;box-shadow:0px 0px 2px 0px #333333}.maxbutton-32.maxbutton.maxbutton-hydraulic-and-pneumatic-projects:hover{border-color:#505ac7;background-color:white;box-shadow:0px 0px 2px 0px #333333}.maxbutton-32.maxbutton.maxbutton-hydraulic-and-pneumatic-projects .mb-text{color:#2d0589;font-family:Trebuchet MS;font-size:15px;text-align:center;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold;line-height:1em;box-sizing:border-box;display:block;background-color:unset;padding:7px 0px 0px 0px;text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #505ac7}.maxbutton-32.maxbutton.maxbutton-hydraulic-and-pneumatic-projects:hover .mb-text{color:#242d12;text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #333333}@media only screen and (min-width:0px) and (max-width:480px){.maxbutton-32.maxbutton.maxbutton-hydraulic-and-pneumatic-projects{width:90%}.maxbutton-32.maxbutton.maxbutton-hydraulic-and-pneumatic-projects .mb-text{font-size:12px}}
.maxbutton-60.maxbutton.maxbutton-project-sample-report-final-report-download{position:relative;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;width:450px;height:28px;border:2px solid #505ac7;border-radius:8px 8px 8px 8px;background-color:#db57c3;box-shadow:0px 0px 2px 0px #333333}.maxbutton-60.maxbutton.maxbutton-project-sample-report-final-report-download:hover{border-color:#505ac7;background-color:white;box-shadow:0px 0px 2px 0px #333333}.maxbutton-60.maxbutton.maxbutton-project-sample-report-final-report-download .mb-text{color:#ffffff;font-family:Tahoma;font-size:15px;text-align:center;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:1em;box-sizing:border-box;display:block;background-color:unset;padding:7px 0px 0px 0px;text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #505ac7}.maxbutton-60.maxbutton.maxbutton-project-sample-report-final-report-download:hover .mb-text{color:#505ac7;text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #333333}@media only screen and (min-width:0px) and (max-width:480px){.maxbutton-60.maxbutton.maxbutton-project-sample-report-final-report-download{width:90%}.maxbutton-60.maxbutton.maxbutton-project-sample-report-final-report-download .mb-text{font-size:12px}}
.maxbutton-58.maxbutton.maxbutton-structural-analysis-and-design-3d-model-projects{position:relative;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;width:450px;height:26px;border:1px solid #505ac7;border-radius:8px 8px 8px 8px;background-color:#e3e85c;box-shadow:0px 0px 1px 0px #333333}.maxbutton-58.maxbutton.maxbutton-structural-analysis-and-design-3d-model-projects:hover{border-color:#505ac7;background-color:white;box-shadow:0px 0px 1px 0px #333333}.maxbutton-58.maxbutton.maxbutton-structural-analysis-and-design-3d-model-projects .mb-text{color:#87048c;font-family:Tahoma;font-size:15px;text-align:center;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:1em;box-sizing:border-box;display:block;background-color:unset;padding:7px 0px 0px 0px;text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #505ac7}.maxbutton-58.maxbutton.maxbutton-structural-analysis-and-design-3d-model-projects:hover .mb-text{color:#505ac7;text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #333333}@media only screen and (min-width:0px) and (max-width:480px){.maxbutton-58.maxbutton.maxbutton-structural-analysis-and-design-3d-model-projects{width:90%}.maxbutton-58.maxbutton.maxbutton-structural-analysis-and-design-3d-model-projects .mb-text{font-size:12px}}
</style><!--/email_off--><!--/noptimize--> <script defer type="text/javascript" src="//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/cache/autoptimize/autoptimize_single_e1252650ea6bc63e5b6b533cf9f0380d.php?ver=1.4.1" id="income-school-js-js"></script> <!--noptimize--><script>!function(){window.advanced_ads_ready_queue=window.advanced_ads_ready_queue||[],advanced_ads_ready_queue.push=window.advanced_ads_ready;for(var d=0,a=advanced_ads_ready_queue.length;d<a;d++)advanced_ads_ready(advanced_ads_ready_queue[d])}();</script><!--/noptimize--><div style="display: none"></div></body></html>
<!--
Performance optimized by W3 Total Cache. Learn more: https://www.boldgrid.com/w3-total-cache/

Page Caching using Disk: Enhanced (Requested URI contains query) 

Served from: www.gunkrazy.com @ 2025-07-18 17:29:03 by W3 Total Cache
-->




