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Castings are regularly necessary to have holes, recess, etc. of different sizes and shapes. This imitation can be getting by using cores. So where...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/what-is-casting-core-prints-use-of-core-prints/" aria-label="View Post: What is casting Core Prints &#8211; Use of Core Prints">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"What is casting Core Prints &#8211; Use of Core Prints","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/what-is-casting-core-prints-use-of-core-prints\/","articleBody":"What is casting Core Prints - Use of Core Prints \r\nCastings are regularly necessary to have holes, recess, etc. of different sizes and shapes. This imitation can be getting by using cores. So where coring is necessary, if should be prepared to hold the core inside mold cavity. Core prints use to provide this function. Core print is adding projection on pattern and it forms a seat in mold on which sand core rests through pour of mold. Core prints have to be of sufficient size and shape so that it can hold weight of core during casting process. Depending upon requirement a core can located horizontal, vertical and can be hang in mold cavity.\r\nMeaning of Core Moulding:\r\nA core is a pre-determined shaped mass of dry sand, which is made separately from mould. It is positioned in a mould to obtain a shape in the casting which can\u2019t be readily obtained by the mould properly. Core box pattern equipment, baking equipment and handling facilities are required for making of cores.\r\n\r\nCore can be eliminated when of small size particularly, if the hole is to be machined. Cores should be of sufficient thickness and free of fragile or overhanging projections, which might be easily broken during the necessary handling and transportation involved in production.\r\nMaterial Used for Cores:\r\nThe main material of the core is refractory, either a natural or a synthetic sand. The sand-mix used for core making consists of the sand together with a binder which is used to give strength after baking. A natural binder (sometimes called core-gum) is linseed oil. A synthetic binder is a synthetic resin.\r\n\r\nA recent development is to mix sand with sodium silicate solution so that the grains are coated and obtain the necessary hardness by \u2018gassing\u2019 with carbon dioxide, causing the sodium silicate to bond the grains together and produce strong core, thus eliminating the baking process.\r\nCore Binder:\r\nSince pure sand used for preparing core has no natural bond, binder is used. A core binder is an agent added to sand to produce a good \u2018green\u2019 bond and also hardness after baking. A typical natural binder is linseed oil; a typical synthetic binder is a resin of the thermosetting type.\r\n\r\nGenerally, core oils (composed of 50 to 60% linseed oil, 25% resin and balance mineral oil) are used as they are very economical to produce better cores. In the case of thermoplastic binders (resin and pitch), the powdered binder is mixed with core sand, and on heating the binder liquefies and coats the sand grains.\r\n\r\nOn cooling, the dispersed liquid binds the sand grains together to form a united mass. Use of synthetic resins is limited as they are costly. Addition of resin to core oil speeds up drying of core and reduces the volume of core gas. Pitch compounded with dextrin and steam coal is used for large cores.\r\n\r\nPhenol and urea formaldehyde thermo setting plastic core binders are becoming common due to their high strength, low gas formation, collapsibility and resistance to moisture absorption.\r\n\r\nMolasses adds hardness to the core but lacks in strength. On the core, molasses water may also be sprayed.\r\n\r\nProtein binders (gelatine, glue, caserim etc.) are used where collapsibility is the main criterion.\r\nReinforcement of Cores:\r\nExcepting very small cores, these are internally reinforced with core wires or grids to help cores retain their shape while damp, for transportation and for strengthening purposes.\r\nTypes of Cores:\r\nCores are generally made of green sand or dry sand. The green sand cores have relatively low strength being made of green sand, whereas dry sand cores are made of sand and special binders which develop strength when baked.\r\n\r\nThese could also be classified according to their position or use, according to which these can be of horizontal, vertical, balanced, drop and other types. These four types will be clear from Fig.\r\n\r\n types of core\r\n\r\nHorizontal and vertical cores are used more frequently than other types. In the case of balanced core, the core print should be sufficiently large to support the weight of core, which extends into mould cavity from one side only. It should be able to withstand the force of buoyancy of the molten metal surrounding it.\r\nMaking of Cores:\r\nCores are made separately in a core box made of wood or metal. The various steps in core making are ramming of core sand in the box, venting, reinforcing, removing of core from box, baking, pasting, sizing etc. This work of producing cores can either be done by hand or by some machines designed for this purpose.\r\n\r\nIn machine moulding, the core sand mixture is rammed by jolting, squeezing or blowing by means of suitable machine. Venting, reinforcing and other operations are carried out by hand. Cores of symmetrical cross-section can be produced by extruding core sand mixture through a suitable die opening. The cores by extrusion process are made in lengths and cut to shorter length as needed.\r\n\r\nCores are generally made by core blowing machine for production work, in which the core sand is placed in small hopper over the clamped core box and blown under a pressure of 5 to 8 kgf\/cm2. The core boxes are of special construction to provide for escapement of air. It requires special drying equipment. Even complex cores can be produced in a few seconds by core blowing method.\r\n\r\nCore boxes used for core-making are designed in several types which aid in core removal. The most commonly used are of split, rollover and hooked type.\r\nBaking of Cores:\r\nGenerally baking is carried out in ovens equipped with drawers, shelves or other holding devices. The operation is generally continuous and cores are put either in batches or continuously over moving shelves. The heat in oven is produced by burning oil or coke or by electric resistance.\r\n\r\nCore-baking time depends upon the type and quantity of binder used, the amount of moisture used in sand, and size of core. The temperature for baking depends on the core material used. When cores are baked, they are more easily supported on a flat surface, which should be incorporated in the design.\r\nDressing of Cores:\r\nDressing of cores is the operation of applying a compound to the surface of a core, either in the green state or after baking, for the purpose of providing protection against the scouring action of flowing molten metal and to assist the formation of a smooth surface in a cored hole or cored form.\r\nCore Chaplet:\r\nA core chaplet is a metal location piece inserted in a mould either to prevent a core shifting its position or to give extra support to a core. The molten metal melts the chaplet, which then forms part of the cast material.\r\nCharacteristics of Cores:\r\nA core should have the following characteristics:\r\n\r\n(i) Permeability:\r\n\r\nA core is supposed to be more per\u00admeable than the mould itself and for this reason, coarse sand with large grain size (special washed silicon sand free from clay) mixed with molasses is used for core making. Vents are also provided in core for giving easy escape of hot gases that are generated during casting.\r\n\r\n(ii)\u00a0Amount of Gas:\r\n\r\nCore should produce minimum amount of gas when in contact with molten metal.\r\n\r\n(iii) Collapsibility:\r\n\r\nA core should be capable of collaps\u00ading shortly after the molten metal has solidified around the core. Collapsibility provides freeness in the contraction of the metal.\r\n\r\n(iv) Thermal Stability:\r\n\r\nAccording to service conditions to which a core is subjected, core sand should be highly re\u00adfractory, and able to withstand high temperatures of mol\u00adten metal otherwise defects like rough surface and metal penetration etc. may occur.\r\n\r\n(v) High Strength:\r\n\r\nCore must have high strength and be capable of being handled after drying. If required, wires may be in\u00adserted in the core while it is being moulded to give added strength. It must be able to withstand force of molten metal.\r\nUses of\u00a0Core Moulding:\r\nA core is used for the following purposes:\r\n\r\nTo obtain the desired cavities and recesses, which otherwise could not be obtained by normal moulding operation. In pit moulding, the entire mould is made of cores. Sometimes the cores are also used to reduce metal erosion in gates and runners (splash cores), to retard foreign matter in the melt (strainer cores), provide a cup or basin on the top of mould (pouring basin cores).","headline":"What is casting Core Prints &#8211; Use of Core Prints","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-01-22","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 22, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/types-of-core-300x193.jpg","height":193,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/types-of-moulding-machines-squeezers-jolt-machines-sand-slingers/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/types-of-moulding-machine-300x238.png')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Types of Moulding Machines | Squeezers , Jolt Machines , Sand Slingers</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/types-of-moulding-machines-squeezers-jolt-machines-sand-slingers/">Types of Moulding Machines | Squeezers , Jolt Machines , Sand Slingers</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Types of Moulding Machines | Squeezers , Jolt Machines , Sand Slingers
Molding is a technique through which a material, often plastic, but also metal, rubber, or powder mixtures is shaped on the...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/types-of-moulding-machines-squeezers-jolt-machines-sand-slingers/" aria-label="View Post: Types of Moulding Machines | Squeezers , Jolt Machines , Sand Slingers">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Types of Moulding Machines | Squeezers , Jolt Machines , Sand Slingers","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/types-of-moulding-machines-squeezers-jolt-machines-sand-slingers\/","articleBody":"Types of Moulding Machines | Squeezers , Jolt Machines , Sand Slingers\r\nMolding is a technique through which a material, often plastic, but also metal, rubber, or powder mixtures is shaped on the outline of a die or mold. There are many different techniques for molding materials, just as there are many different applications for each process.\r\n\r\nThere are two primary types of plastics: thermosets and thermoplastics. The main difference between these two types of plastics is that thermosets permanently cure. This means that once the plastic is melted into a shape, it cannot be melted back down to molten plastic. Once the plastic takes a shape, it will retain that shape. If the plastic is melted, it simply burns. This is different from thermoplastics, which can be cured into a shape, then melted back down to molten plastic and reformed through further curing.\r\n\r\ntypes of moulding machine\r\n\r\nType 1. Squeezers:\r\nThe working principle of a squeezer type moulding machine is shown in Fig. . The pattern plate is clamped on the machine table, and a flask is put into position. A sand frame is placed on the flask, and both are then filled with sand from a hopper.\r\n\r\nNext, the machine table travels upward to squeeze the sand between the pattern plate and a stationary squeeze head. The squeeze head enters into the sand frame and compacts the sand so that it is level with the edge of the flask. These machines rammed the sand harder at the back of the mould and softer on the pattern face. Squeezer machines are very useful for shallow patterns.\r\n\r\nType\u00a0 2. Jolt Machines :\u00a0\r\n\r\nIn this machine sand is compressed through the application of compressed air or other suitable force transmitted through a piston-table arrangement which squeezes the sand against a platen.\r\n\r\nThe ramming is best at the sand platen interface from where pressure is applied and not near the pattern, whereas in Jolt machine the ramming is best around pattern. Therefore, combination of jolting and squeezing gives best results and both the operations can be carried out in a single machine called Jolt-squeeze moulding machine (Fig. ). In pure squeezing, both the parts of the mould could be formed at the same time if the depth is not too great. It is generally limited to rather shallow work.\r\n\r\nType\u00a0 3. Sand Slinging Machine :\r\nIn this machine the moulding sand is thrown by impeller device which causes packing of the sand into the flask through inertia. In this method the sand density is most uniform at all the levels and it is, therefore, best suited method for any type of mould.\r\n\r\nThe density can be controlled by changing the speed of the impeller which normally varies between 1200 and 1800 R.P.M. However it is best adapted to work ranging from medium to very large size. The machine is generally available in various capacities with sand moving at a speed of about 3000 m\/mt. The moulding sand should be mixed with suitable binders etc., so that it can flow into place readily and afterwards binder should become hard.\r\n\r\nVarious other moulding machines are explained in fig. , the schematic sketches of which are self- explanatory.","headline":"Types of Moulding Machines | Squeezers , Jolt Machines , Sand Slingers","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-01-21","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 22, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/types-of-moulding-machine-300x238.png","height":238,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/what-is-delmia-industrial-operations-software/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/delmia-min-300x224.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to What is DELMIA &#8211; Industrial Operations software</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/what-is-delmia-industrial-operations-software/">What is DELMIA &#8211; Industrial Operations software</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>What is DELMIA - Industrial Operations software
What is DELMIA  DELMIA's Digital Manufacturing Products and Solutions allow manufacturers in any industry to virtually define, plan, create, monitor...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/what-is-delmia-industrial-operations-software/" aria-label="View Post: What is DELMIA &#8211; Industrial Operations software">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"What is DELMIA &#8211; Industrial Operations software","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/what-is-delmia-industrial-operations-software\/","articleBody":"What is DELMIA - Industrial Operations software\r\nWhat is DELMIA\r\n\r\nDELMIA's Digital Manufacturing Products and Solutions allow manufacturers in any industry to virtually define, plan, create, monitor and control all production processes. From early process planning and assembly simulation to a complete definition of the production facility and equipment, DELMIA assists companies to achieve maximum production efficiency, lower cost, improve quality and reduce time to market.\r\n\r\nThe acronym DELMIA means: Digital Enterprise Lean Manufacturing Interactive Application\r\n\r\nDELMIA Virtual Manufacturing Simulation Solutions, The more complex a product, the more critical the assembly process becomes. Assembly of even the smallest electronic products through to massive aerospace and automotive products can become expensive and time consuming if it is planned incorrectly or training is inadequate. Being able to properly plan, simulate and then train assembly processes becomes a function that reaches across many departments including: Engineering, Production, and Support.\r\n\r\nHaving access to the 3D design data well before production begins delivers huge advantages to manufacturers focused on saving time and money in the operations. But also having access to applications which can quickly test a design and then generate simulations and animations, mean that the assembly process can be accurately planned, designed, trained and performed before manufacturing starts.\r\n\r\nTata Technologies bring digital manufacturing simulation solutions in the form of the DELMIA suite of software technologies. DELMIA provides entire digital solutions for on-demand and just-in-time manufacturing processes, allowing manufacturers to bring their products to market more quickly, while reducing production costs and encouraging innovation.\r\n\r\nDELMIA\u2019s digital manufacturing solutions allow manufacturing organisations to design and visualise the entire production process for a digitally specified product before deploying any physical materials and machines. They integrate closely with CATIA design solutions, as well as with ENOVIA data management and collaborative work solutions to deliver substantial benefits to customers deploying PLM. Businesses using DELMIA in conjunction with these solutions can increase opportunities for collaboration, reuse, and collective innovation throughout the product lifecycle.\r\n\r\nDELMIA\r\n\r\nFUNCTIONALITIES\r\n\r\nDELMIA V5 V6 digital production DELMIA V5 V6\r\nDELMIA\u00ae digital production solutions promote innovation and efficiency in production via the planning, simulation and digital modelling of global production processes. Courtesy of DELMIA, manufacturers can virtually experience the complete production of the plant; they can analyse the impact of the design or decide how to meet global demand, among many other things.\r\n\r\nManagement of manufacturing operations\r\n\r\nDELMIA\u00ae manufacturing operations management solutions help manufacturers transform global production operations achieve and maintain excellence in their operations. This is achieved through better visibility, control and synchronisation of manufacturing operations and of the processes of supply chain on a global scale. The result is greater agility, ongoing improvement in the expansion of the business and a lengthening of the global supply chain. Manufacturers can establish a common set of processes.\r\n\r\nPlanning and optimization of operations\r\nDELMIA operations planning and optimisation solutions promote planning based on reality, programming and the optimisation of complex business processes in all perspectives of planning. It allows clients to focus on those elements that differentiate them from the competition and plan benefits by capturing their operational reality, even the most insignificant detail. DELMIA clients trust the planning of the supply chain itself and the integrated optimisation platform for.","headline":"What is DELMIA &#8211; Industrial Operations software","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-01-21","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 22, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/delmia-min-300x224.jpg","height":224,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/battery-ignition-system-working-advantages-and-disadvantages/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/spark-plug-300x231.png')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Battery ignition System- Working , Advantages and Disadvantages</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/battery-ignition-system-working-advantages-and-disadvantages/">Battery ignition System- Working , Advantages and Disadvantages</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Battery ignition System- Working , Advantages and Disadvantages
Battery Ignition System is used in automobile to produce spark in the spark plug for the combustion of fuel in the I.C. engine. Here...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/battery-ignition-system-working-advantages-and-disadvantages/" aria-label="View Post: Battery ignition System- Working , Advantages and Disadvantages">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Battery ignition System- Working , Advantages and Disadvantages","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/battery-ignition-system-working-advantages-and-disadvantages\/","articleBody":"Battery ignition System- Working , Advantages and Disadvantages\r\nBattery Ignition System is used in automobile to produce spark in the spark plug for the combustion of fuel in the I.C. engine. Here the main source for the spark generation is the battery. It is mostly used in light commercial vehicles.\r\nMain parts\u00a0\r\nThe main parts of battery ignition system are\r\n\r\n1. Battery\r\n2. Ignition switch\r\n3. Ballast resistor\r\n4. Ignition coil\r\n5. Contact breaker\r\n6. Capacitor\r\n7. Distributor\r\n8. Spark plug\r\n\r\nFig\u00a0 shows line diagram of battery ignition system for a 4-cylinder petrol engine. It mainly consists of a 6 or 12 volt battery, ammeter, ignition switch, auto-transformer (step up transformer), contact breaker, capacitor, distributor rotor, distributor contact points, spark plugs, etc.\r\n\r\n spark plug\r\n\r\nNote that the Figure shows the ignition system for 4-cylinder petrol engine, here there are 4-spark plugs and contact breaker cam has 4-corners. (If it is for 6-cylinder engine it will have 6-spark plugs and contact breaker cam will be a perfect hexagon).\r\n\r\n battery ignition system\r\n\r\nThe ignition system is divided into 2-circuits:\r\n\r\n(i) Primary Circuit : It consists of 6 or 12 V battery, ammeter, ignition switch, primary winding it has 200-300 turns of 20 SWG (Sharps Wire Gauge) gauge wire, contact breaker, capacitor.\r\n\r\n(ii) Secondary Circuit: It consists of secondary winding. Secondary winding consists of about 21000 turns of 40 (S WG) gauge wire. Bottom end of which is connected to bottom end of primary and top end of secondary winding is connected to centre of distributor rotor. Distributor rotors rotate and make contacts with contact points and are connected to spark plugs which are fitted in cylinder heads (engine earth).\r\n\r\n(iii) Working: When the ignition switch is closed and engine in cranked, as soon as the contact breaker closes, a low voltage current will flow through the primary winding. It is also to be noted that the contact beaker cam opens and closes the circuit 4-times (for 4 cylinders) in one revolution. When the contact breaker opens the contact, the magnetic field begins to collapse. Because of this collapsing magnetic field, current will be induced in the secondary winding. And because of more turns (@ 21000 turns) of secondary, voltage goes unto 28000-30000 volts.\r\n\r\nThis high voltage current is brought to Centre of the distributor rotor. Distributor rotor rotates and supplies this high voltage current to proper stark plug depending upon the engine firing order. When the high voltage current jumps the spark plug gap, it produces the spark and the charge is ignited-combustion starts-products of combustion expand and produce power.\r\n\r\n(a) The Function of the capacitor is to reduce arcing at the contact breaker (CB) points. Also when the CB opens the magnetic field in the primary winding begins to collapse. When the magnetic field is collapsing capacitor gets fully charged and then it starts discharging and helps in building up of voltage in secondary winding.\r\n\r\n(b) Contact breaker cam and distributor rotor are mounted on the same shaft. In 2-stroke cycle engines these are motored at the same engine speed. And in 4-stroke cycle engines they are motored at half the engine speed.\r\n\r\nAdvantages\r\n\r\n(a) Low initial cost.\r\n\r\n(b) Better spark at low speeds and better starting than magneto system.\r\n\r\n(c) Reliable system.\r\n\r\n(d) No problems due to adjustment of spark timings.\r\n\r\n(e) Simpler than magneto system.\r\n\r\nDisadvantages\r\n\r\n(a) Battery requires periodical maintenance.\r\n\r\n(b) In case of battery malfunction, engine cannot be started.","headline":"Battery ignition System- Working , Advantages and Disadvantages","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-01-19","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 22, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/spark-plug-300x231.png","height":231,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/design-and-fabrication-of-vortex-tube-mechanical-project/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/vortex-tube-296x300.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Design and Fabrication of Vortex Tube &#8211; Mechanical project</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/design-and-fabrication-of-vortex-tube-mechanical-project/">Design and Fabrication of Vortex Tube &#8211; Mechanical project</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Design and Fabrication of Vortex Tube - Mechanical project
Abstract—  Design and fabrication of vortex tube In the application point of view the application of vortex tube it used in different...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/design-and-fabrication-of-vortex-tube-mechanical-project/" aria-label="View Post: Design and Fabrication of Vortex Tube &#8211; Mechanical project">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Design and Fabrication of Vortex Tube &#8211; Mechanical project","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/design-and-fabrication-of-vortex-tube-mechanical-project\/","articleBody":"Design and Fabrication of Vortex Tube - Mechanical project\r\nAbstract\u2014 \r\n\r\nDesign and fabrication of vortex tube In the application point of view the application of vortex tube it used in different small scale industries to get the two various type of gas flow which ever the application is important we can use as per our convenience with same time. It separates the flow of compressed air due to energy separation effect. The main function of vortex tube is to convert the compressed flow air in to two different regions hot and cold side without moving any mechanical part. A vortex tube contains the different main parts vortex chamber inlet nozzle and cold trminal orifice, hot control valve and orifice. It works in such a way that the fluid enters in the tube circulates about an axis which is called as vortex. And that rotation creates a vortex from the compressed air and separates that flow in two in air streams hot and cold. From its centre the supercooled air is passed and which is being delivered though cold end port. The surface finish of nozzle and the tube i.e. hot end takes a important role in performance of Vortex Tube.in this paper the it is observe that\r\nthe vortex tube with major values of surface roughness of cylindrical hot tubes are used to increase the efficiency of vortex tube . it results in C.O.P of vortex tube.\r\n\r\nRead More :\u00a0Vortex Tube - Advantages , Disadvantages , Application\r\n\r\nINTRODUCTION\r\nA vortex tube is element which can generate the flow without moving any mechanical component. which converts the gas flow in initially homogeneous in temperature, in to separate flow of different temperatures. It separates the compressed glass stream in to a low temperature section and a high section such separation of flow in two regions low side and high side total temperature is considered as, the temperature or energy separation effect. The vertex tube consists of the following parts one or more inlet nozzles, a vortex chamber, a cold side orifice, a hot control valve and tube. In general the vortex tube known by different names. The most well known name as is vortex tube ranque vortex tube.\r\nIn the days of power crisis much more importance should be given to power saving and energy conservation. Efforts being concentrated on finding the new resource of energy or method of saving energy. A very low cost, affordable, maintenance-free output to a different industrial cooling difficulties. Using main power source of compressed air , vortex tubes generates two different types of air flow , one section hot side other section cold side, without any roating component .\r\n\r\nVortex tubes can produce:\r\n\r\n \tTemperatures from -50\u00b0 to 260\u00b0F (-46\u00b0 to 127\u00b0C)\r\n \tFlow rates from 1 to 150 SCFM (28 to 4248 SLPM)\r\n \tRefrigeration up to 10,200 Btu\/hr. (2571 Kcal\/hr.)\r\n\r\nVortex Tubes is generally available in three different sizes. Each size gives a number of flow rates, as it is possible by a very small inner component name as generator. These three different sizes are low medium and high.With reference to iis size it is being used in different heat pumps and refrigeration system as per the requirement of temperature of heating as\u00a0same for cooling. Application of vortex tube is preferred in cooling of gas turbine rotor blades. Also used in different laboratories for cooling purpose. And the most applicable important purpose of vortex tube is used for heating and cooling application.\r\n\r\nvortex tube\r\n\r\nWORKING PRINCIPLE\r\nInitially the Compressed air from compressor at very large pressure is enters in vortex tube by passing from tangential nozzle. Due to this supply the air has very large velocity and it circulates at very large speed.due this reason the air is swirling\u00a0vortex rotation in vortex chamber.the focal core of the air is\r\nreserved by the implantation of conical valve which is preferably apply to maintain the internal pressure of the vortex tube. And the end of cold pipe which is made up with vortex chamber which is fix with washer that has half the diameter of pipe which is used. Also the washers of various sizes are preferred to manage the system. The outer stream exits the opposite end as hot air.\r\n\r\nReference and Download :\r\n\r\nhttps:\/\/www.ijser.org\/researchpaper\/Design-and-Fabrication-of-Vortex-Tube.pdf","headline":"Design and Fabrication of Vortex Tube &#8211; Mechanical project","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-01-19","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 22, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/vortex-tube-296x300.jpg","height":300,"width":296},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/unmanned-terrain-with-rocker-bogie-suspension-mechanical-project/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Unmanned-Terrain-with-Rocker-300x123.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Unmanned Terrain with Rocker Bogie Suspension Mechanical Project</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/unmanned-terrain-with-rocker-bogie-suspension-mechanical-project/">Unmanned Terrain with Rocker Bogie Suspension Mechanical Project</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Unmanned Terrain with Rocker Bogie Suspension- Mechanical Project
Abstract:
A rover is a vehicle for driving over rough terrain, especially one driven by remote control over extraterrestrial...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/unmanned-terrain-with-rocker-bogie-suspension-mechanical-project/" aria-label="View Post: Unmanned Terrain with Rocker Bogie Suspension Mechanical Project">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Unmanned Terrain with Rocker Bogie Suspension Mechanical Project","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/unmanned-terrain-with-rocker-bogie-suspension-mechanical-project\/","articleBody":"Unmanned Terrain with Rocker Bogie Suspension- Mechanical Project\r\nAbstract:\r\nA rover is a vehicle for driving over rough terrain, especially one driven by remote control over extraterrestrial terrain. Robotic rovers are used extensively for exploratory and reconnaissance purposes in the fields of scientific exploration and defense. This project focuses on the design and development of a rover with autonomous driving and environmental sensing capability. It can be used as an exploratory rover, providing information about the terrain and surrounding atmosphere. It can also be used as a surveillance robot to alert people in areas with security threats like national borders, terrorist occupied\r\nterritories etc., where it is difficult for humans to work. The rover will be having a Rocker Bogie Suspension system with 6 wheels for greater stability in maneuvering over obstacles. It can avoid un-mountable obstacles and can traverse over mountable obstacles. Instructions are sent to the rover by a remote computer connected over Wi-Fi. The rover is equipped to send a live video feed and sensor data to the remote computer.\r\nINTRODUCTION\r\nRobotic rovers and other remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) are an application of Tele robotics. Tele robotics is the area of robotics concerned with the control of semi-autonomous robots from a distance, chiefly using Wireless network (like Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, the Deep Space Network, and similar) or tethered connections. It is a combination of two major subfields, tele-operation and telepresence. Rovers were used and are extensively being used for planetary exploration and military operations. They create an opportunity to make scientific experiments at places where it is impossible for humans to explore.\r\nThe Rocker Bogie Suspension\r\nThe Rocker-Bogie system has been the suspension arrangement used in the Mars rovers. It is currently NASA's favored design. The term \u201crocker\u201d comes from the rocking aspect of the larger links on each side of the suspension system. These rockers are connected to each other and the vehicle chassis through a differential. Relative to the chassis, when one rocker goes up, the other goes down.\r\nThe chassis maintains the average pitch angle of both rockers. One end of a rocker is fitted with a drive wheel and the other end is pivoted to a bogie. The term \u201cbogie\u201d refers to the links that have a drive wheel at each end. Robots using rocker bogie mechanism makes use of a suspension mechanism that consists of several rigid elements connected through joints of a certain number of degrees of freedom (DOF) resulting in a structure that has one system DOF. This enables them to move along uneven terrain without losing contact with the ground. The suspension has 6 wheels with symmetric structure for both sides. Each side has 3 wheels which are connected to each other two with links. The main linkage called rocker has 2 joints while first joint is connected to front wheel, the other joint is assembled to another linkage called bogie, which is similar to train wagon suspension member.\r\n\r\nRead More :\u00a0Fabrication of Kinematic Legged Robots- Mechanical Project\r\n\r\nUnmanned Terrain with Rocker\r\n\r\nConstruction\r\n1) Mechanical Components: CPVC Pipes\r\nNylon (Polyamide)\r\nBall Bearings\r\nNuts and Bolts\r\nWheels\r\n\r\n2) Electronic Components: Raspberry Pi\r\nArduino Uno\r\nATmega 328\r\nDC MOTORS\r\nL298N MOTOR DRIVERS\r\nULTRASONIC SENSOR\r\nBAROMETRIC PRESSURE SENSOR (BMP 180)\r\nWebcam\r\n\r\nAPPLICATIONS AND SCOPE\r\n\r\nApplications\r\nThe project focuses on developing a platform which can be used for many applications. The rover can travel in uneven terrain autonomously with the help of the rocker bogie suspension system and the sensor values obtained from the rover help in evaluating the atmospheric conditions present around the rover. It can be used for exploration in places which require continuous environmental and video surveillance. Reconnaissance is one of the major applications of such rovers. It can also be used for geological mapping of unknown terrain as it can even provide live video feed and images of the terrain being explored. Information about the terrain and the climate around it can be studied and recorded for mapping.\r\n\r\nFuture Scope\r\nOne of the main problems of this rover is the limitation offered by the battery power and the communication range. When these limitations are answered by using solar panels to charge the battery and mobile data cards for internet connectivity, the rover can be made operational in real time and can be left in a remote terrain for continuous operation. With higher computing electronics, a higher level of autonomy can be given to the rover in navigation by using GPS modules and path planning algorithms. Devices and subsystems like autonomous robotic arm, stereo camera and various useful sensors can also be attached to the rover to further enhance its functionality.\r\n\r\nAUTHOR PROFILE\r\nAditya Vangara is a student from Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Technology pursuing B.TECH in the field of Mechatronics.\r\n\r\nDownload and Reference :\r\n\r\nhttps:\/\/www.ijraset.com\/fileserve.php?FID=3306","headline":"Unmanned Terrain with Rocker Bogie Suspension Mechanical Project","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-01-19","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 22, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Unmanned-Terrain-with-Rocker-300x123.jpg","height":123,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <nav class="pagination-wrapper" aria-label="article pagination"> <a class="prev page-numbers" href="?page_num=137">&laquo; PREV</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=1"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>1</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">&hellip;</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=136"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>136</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=137"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>137</a> <span aria-current="page" class="page-numbers current"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>138</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=139"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>139</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=140"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>140</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">&hellip;</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=338"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>338</a> <a class="next page-numbers" href="?page_num=139">NEXT &raquo;</a></nav></section></main><aside id="secondary" class="widget-area"><div class="about-wrapper"><h2 class="widget-title" style="background: #d693c6; color: #ff392e">About Us</h2><div class="about-image" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Sachin-Thorat-300x300-min.png')"></div><p class="about-copy">LearnMech.Com is a Mechanical Project-oriented platform run by Sachin Thorat who is a B-Tech Graduate in Mechanical Engineering. 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