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Meaning of Electroforming:
This is the process of forming metals. The parts of various shapes are produced by electrolytic deposition of metal upon a...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/what-is-electroforming-process-and-advantages/" aria-label="View Post: What is Electroforming- Process and Advantages">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"What is Electroforming- Process and Advantages","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/what-is-electroforming-process-and-advantages\/","articleBody":"What is Electroforming- Process and Advantages\r\nMeaning of Electroforming:\r\nThis is the process of forming metals. The parts of various shapes are produced by electrolytic deposition of metal upon a conductive removable mould. The difference between electroplating and electroforming being that in the former case the metal permanently sticks to the cathode, whereas in latter case a solid shell is produced around the cathode which can be separated from it.\r\n\r\nThe cathode (mould) can be made of any shape depending upon the shape required for the part. The finish of part produced depends upon the surface smoothness of mould. The metal for electroforming the part on the mould is supplied from an electrolytic solution in which a bar of pure metal acts as an anode for the plating current.\r\n\r\nThis process is very useful for thin walled parts where high accuracy and surface finish are desirable. This is also suited to complicated internal shaped parts which are difficult to machine. This process is also very advantageous for production of small number of parts for which other methods will be very expensive.\r\n\r\nProcess of Electroforming:\r\nIn electroforming process, first a negative image of part, called matrix, mould or pattern is prepared. This can be either permanent or expandable type depending upon the shape of part to be produced. Permanent moulds can be easily machined from metal and are very economical. These can be used only when there is sufficient draft to withdraw them without any damage to the formed part.\r\n\r\nThe expandable type of cores can be either of low melting temperature alloy or of some chemically soluble substance. In case of expandable type of moulds, the substance used may be non-conducting e.g., plastic etc.\r\n\r\nElectroforming process\r\n\r\nIn such cases they must be coated or expandable type of moulds, the substance used may be non-conducting e.g., plastic etc. In such cases they with some metallic film by spraying, brushing or chemical reduction. Wax mould can be coated with graphite.\r\n\r\nAfter the desired forms are prepared, the moulds are placed in the electrolytic solution and proper current is passed in the solution. The mould keeps on receiving the metallic ions from the metallic rod and finally a layer of sufficient thickness is formed around the mould. It is then removed from the bath, rinsed and then stripped from the mould.\r\n\r\nThe various metals used for electroforming include copper, nickel, iron, silver, zinc, lead, tin cadmium, gold, aluminium and others having conducting nature. Out of these, copper, nickel, iron and silver are best suited for electroforming as they have the properties of good reproducibility, resistance to corrosion, good bearing surface and adequate strength for small thickness.\r\n\r\nThe properties of the electroformed parts depend upon the characteristics of the metal used, rate of deposition of metal and plating temperature etc. Some changes in properties of electroformed parts can also be achieved by proper heat treatment.\r\n\r\nAdvantages of Electroforming:\r\nThe importance of electro-forming is mainly due to its ability to form complex parts having intricate details.\r\n\r\nIts various advantages are:\r\n\r\n(i) High dimensional accuracy in complicated shaped parts can be obtained.\r\n\r\n(ii) Various parts having no dimensional variation can be produced.\r\n\r\n(iii) High surface finish can be obtained.\r\n\r\n(iv) Parts of any thickness can be easily made and thickness can be easily controlled.\r\n\r\n(v) Laminated metals can be produced.\r\n\r\n(vi) Any amount of purity can be achieved.\r\n\r\n(vii) Special physical and metallurgical properties can be attained on the surface.\r\n\r\nLimitations of Electroforming:\r\n(a) This is not an economical method of production.\r\n\r\n(b) Rate of production is normally slow.\r\n\r\n(c) Cost is very high.\r\n\r\n(d) Accuracy of exterior surfaces cannot be controlled.\r\n\r\n(e) Process is limited to very thin part.\r\n\r\n(f) Limited to certain materials.\r\n\r\nGenerally precision parts which are very costly to produce by other process are best suited to electroforming process. This is mainly used to produce metallic high precision bellows used in transducers, instrument bells, venture nozzles and other precisions parts made of laminated metals.","headline":"What is Electroforming- Process and Advantages","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-07-11","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/300px-Eformschematic.svg-1-300x200.png","height":200,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/types-of-conveyors-used-for-industrial-applications/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/conveyors-types-300x194.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Types Of Conveyors used For Industrial Applications</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/types-of-conveyors-used-for-industrial-applications/">Types Of Conveyors used For Industrial Applications</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Types Of Conveyors used For Industrial Applications
Conveyors are the industrial systems that help in the transportation of different types of materials and goods from one part to another. These...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/types-of-conveyors-used-for-industrial-applications/" aria-label="View Post: Types Of Conveyors used For Industrial Applications">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Types Of Conveyors used For Industrial Applications","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/types-of-conveyors-used-for-industrial-applications\/","articleBody":"Types Of Conveyors used For Industrial Applications\r\nConveyors are the industrial systems that help in the transportation of different types of materials and goods from one part to another. These systems are considered as the lifelines of various industries as they significantly reduce the human efforts, time and ultimately the cost and increase the productivity. Moreover, they also reduce the risks of injuries and accidents that may happen when labors are employed to carry heavy materials.\r\n\r\nA number of popular designs like conveyor belt, gravity conveyor, chain conveyor, vibrating conveyor and screw conveyor are utilized for different industrial applications. Each of them have different working mechanism, based on which it is used for a specific application. Here are few sections discussing the use of these systems in various industries.\r\n\r\n conveyors types\r\n\r\nBelt Conveyors\r\n\r\nDriven by electric motors running at variable speeds, a conveyor belt is probably the most popular industrial system for conveying materials. They are useful at packaging units as well as at airports for baggage handling systems. Grocery stores and bakeries too make use of these systems. Another popular application is found at warehouses where these belts are used for loading products into or from trucks and other transportation vehicles. Flat and trough belt conveyors are the popular versions in this category.\r\n\r\nVibrating Conveyors\r\n\r\nThese systems are based on the principle of creating movements using vibrations. They are useful for the industrial applications involving free-flowing materials. For example, food items in the form of granules can be transported using them. Another good example is that of transporting materials that are extremely hot or corrosive in nature. Metal parts that are cast can be immediately transported in this way. Chemicals and wood products as well as products of mining can be transported efficiently using vibratory systems.\r\n\r\nPneumatic Conveyors\r\n\r\nAnother interesting category is that of pneumatic conveying systems which make use of air pressure for transporting materials. These systems are used in ceramic industry for supplying granulators, chemical industry to feed the mixers, food industry to transport powdered items and sugar and for various other applications in rubber, plastic and cement industries.\r\n\r\nScrew Conveyors\r\n\r\nA screw conveyor is makes use of a helical shape screw for the transportation of liquids and materials in the form of granules. Wood chips and cereal grains are the two noteworthy examples of the materials conveyed using them. Wet, caking and difficult to move materials can also be conveyed using these conveyors. These systems are also used for applications in snow blowers, harvesters, ice re-surfacers and other machines.\r\n\r\nOther Popular Examples\r\n\r\nJust like conveyor belt, chain conveyors are also popular. These are widely used in shipping industry for the transportation of huge shipping containers. Vertical and bucket conveyors are used to move the materials along vertical paths. Roller conveyors are used for conveying materials with rigid surfaces. Chute and gravity conveying systems are equally useful as well.\r\n\r\nEach of these types can have additional or special features to entertain the needs of different industrial applications. The industries all over the world need them to increase their productivity while increasing efficiency and reducing the cost.","headline":"Types Of Conveyors used For Industrial Applications","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-07-11","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/conveyors-types-300x194.jpg","height":194,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/the-application-of-modern-gears-in-various-industries/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Application-of-Gears-300x236.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to The Application of Modern Gears in Various Industries</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/the-application-of-modern-gears-in-various-industries/">The Application of Modern Gears in Various Industries</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>The Application of Modern Gears in Various Industries
Gears are very popular mechanical items that have been used across various industries to serve several purposes for long. Gears are considered...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/the-application-of-modern-gears-in-various-industries/" aria-label="View Post: The Application of Modern Gears in Various Industries">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"The Application of Modern Gears in Various Industries","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/the-application-of-modern-gears-in-various-industries\/","articleBody":"The Application of Modern Gears in Various Industries\r\nGears are very popular mechanical items that have been used across various industries to serve several purposes for long. Gears are considered the inherent and most vital part of any modern engine or machinery. In fact, they can be remarked as the life of any engine. The prominent industries which require the application of modern gears are defence, food processing, marine, sugar, petrochemicals, earth moving, power generation, railway, to name a few.\r\n\r\nOwing to such large and widespread demand of gears in the modern industries, there is no surprise that the global market expenditure on them is touching a phenomenal Rs.12,500 crore mark. Since the number of industries in which the gears are used are very large, it is not feasible to describe each and every one them here.\r\n\r\n Application of Gears\r\n\r\nThat is why some of the popular industries, along with the use of gears in them and the type of gears used in them are mentioned below:\r\n\r\n1)\u00a0Defense Industry:\u00a0Defense is a very crucial industry as it is associated with the safety and security of the inhabitants of a nation. Gears are primarily used in this industry in various types of weapons as well as in other components required for the proper operation of this industry. The use of bevel and several types of reduction gears is common in this industry.\r\n\r\n2)\u00a0Marine Industry:\u00a0There is a huge demand for gears in the marine industry, which are generally used there in yachts, commercial ships, cruise liners, patrol boats, warships, and so. The gears used in this industry are usually referred as marine gears. These gears not only ensure huge power transmission, but high-speed as well.\r\n\r\n3)\u00a0Petrochemical Industry:\u00a0As apparent from the name, petrochemical industry deals with the production of various types of useful chemicals. But, these valuable chemicals can't be produced without the use of certain machines and equipment which are meant for the purpose. And again, such chemical production machinery require the use of several industrial gears like ground, helical, spur, and precision gears.\r\n\r\n4)\u00a0Earth Moving Industry:\u00a0Earth moving industry is indispensable for the survival of construction and infrastructure development sectors, owing to the necessary equipment and machinery supplied by it for various crucial activities performed in these sectors. Gears like spur, helical, and planetary form an integral part of the machinery and vehicles used in the earth moving industry.\r\n\r\n5)\u00a0Power Generation Industry:\u00a0Power generation or power industry is an industry that forms the basis of all other industries and sectors. As we all know, nothing can be done without power, hence this industry is very crucial. Gears play a vital role in making certain power generation equipment functional. This industry witnesses wide use of bevel, planetary, and internal gears.","headline":"The Application of Modern Gears in Various Industries","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-07-11","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Application-of-Gears-300x236.jpg","height":236,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/design-and-fabrication-of-weeding-machine-mechanical-agricultural-project/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/design-and-fabrication-weeding-machine-300x170.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Design and Fabrication of Weeding Machine -Mechanical Agricultural Project</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/design-and-fabrication-of-weeding-machine-mechanical-agricultural-project/">Design and Fabrication of Weeding Machine -Mechanical Agricultural Project</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Design and Fabrication of Weeding Machine -Mechanical Agricultural Project
ABSTRACT  In today’s world every thing is getting modernized. Agriculture fields are slowly destroying and these lands...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/design-and-fabrication-of-weeding-machine-mechanical-agricultural-project/" aria-label="View Post: Design and Fabrication of Weeding Machine -Mechanical Agricultural Project">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Design and Fabrication of Weeding Machine -Mechanical Agricultural Project","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/design-and-fabrication-of-weeding-machine-mechanical-agricultural-project\/","articleBody":"Design and Fabrication of Weeding Machine -Mechanical Agricultural Project\r\nABSTRACT \r\n\r\nIn today\u2019s world every thing is getting modernized. Agriculture fields are slowly destroying and these lands are used for some other purpose. This is because the income from agriculture is less although the work involved is high. Most of the field work is done manually and so the farmers depend on the field workers for doing it. Because of the higher pay offered in other sectors like construction, workers prefer those jobs and so agricultural sector takes shortfall of manpower. This being the scenario, workers are not available for the works such as plucking out the unwanted grass and weeds growing in between the plants. It is very important to pluck out the grass and weeds in order to obtain fruitful results from the cultivation, as the grasses and weeds observe a part of nutrition given to the plants.Given the present situation, removing weeds becomes a costlier affair. In order to address this problem, this project proposes a simple, economical and efficient machine to remove the weed, which would be operated by a single person \u2013 savings of labour as well as time. The machine has been designed, fabricated and tested.\r\n\r\nINTRODUCTION\r\nWith agriculture facing a shortage of manpower, need for automating the various activities in the field\u00a0arises or it is becoming the need of the day. With this in mind, a simple machine has been designed and fabricated for removal of weed and unwanted plants between the rows of paddy plants. As the machine is moving the weed remover removes the weeds present between the plants. This machine can be used effectively in the agricultural fields such as paddy field. To use this machine in agriculture field the seeds should be sowed at a distance equal to or more than the width of this machine.This machine is of simple design without using any motor or engine. Only a chain and sprocket arrangement is used. This machine eliminates the need for many workers and makes the work easier, economical and efficient.\r\n\r\ndesign and fabrication weeding machine\r\n\r\nSPECIFICATION OF THE MACHINE \r\n\r\n \tHeight of the machine : 1m\r\n \tWidth of the machine : 0.55m\r\n \tBreadth of the machine :0.75m\r\n \tWeight of the machine :50kg\r\n \tWidth of the weed removed by the cutter (Cutter width) :0.4m\r\n \tAverage speed of weed remover :150rpm\r\n \tAverage travel speed of the machine :50rpm\r\n \tFor one revolution of the handle, the depth of cut : 6mm\r\n\r\nADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES\r\n\r\n \tMechanism is a simple one.\r\n \tMotor or Engine is not required.\r\n \tOne Labour is enough for operation.\r\n \tWorking is very easy compared to primitive work method.\r\n \tInitial and maintenance cost are less.\r\n \tTime consumption is less for weeding.\r\n\r\nDISADVANTAGES\r\n\r\n \tRotation of weed cutter is slower, so weed removal rate is less.\r\n \tMore skilled Labour is need\r\n\r\nReference:\r\n\r\nDesign and Fabrication of Weeding Machine -Mechanical Agricultural Project","headline":"Design and Fabrication of Weeding Machine -Mechanical Agricultural Project","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-07-10","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/design-and-fabrication-weeding-machine-300x170.jpg","height":170,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/design-and-fabrication-of-automatic-weight-sorting-machine/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Design-and-Fabrication-of-Automatic-Weight-Sorting-Machine-300x220.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Design and Fabrication of Automatic Weight Sorting Machine</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/design-and-fabrication-of-automatic-weight-sorting-machine/">Design and Fabrication of Automatic Weight Sorting Machine</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Design and Fabrication of Automatic Weight Sorting Machine
ABSTRACT
Sorting of the objects is an essential operation used in various fields of day to day life for the sake of convenience. Until few...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/design-and-fabrication-of-automatic-weight-sorting-machine/" aria-label="View Post: Design and Fabrication of Automatic Weight Sorting Machine">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Design and Fabrication of Automatic Weight Sorting Machine","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/design-and-fabrication-of-automatic-weight-sorting-machine\/","articleBody":"Design and Fabrication of Automatic Weight Sorting Machine\r\nABSTRACT\r\nSorting of the objects is an essential operation used in various fields of day to day life for the sake of convenience. Until few years ago, sorting was mainly performed manually and was based on human judgments. Sorting system is more practical and economical method of automation. Main aim of sorting system is to save man power and improve quality and efficiency of the product. In the current scenario, most of the sorting systems employ the criteria like color, dimensions, material type etc. however, they carry their own setbacks like\r\nenvironment sensitivity, high cost and complexity respectively. The proposed sorting system in this paper uses weight as a sorting criterion. The fabricated machine aims at using the mechanical and the electronic components by their mutual co-ordination. Load cell arrangement has a preeminent position in the system. This sorting system presents a precise, reliable, consistent and quantitative sorting based on weight of the objects.\r\n\r\nINTRODUCTION\r\nSorting is a process of arranging the items systematically. This process is required to be carried out in various fields of daily life. Nowadays there is consumers demand for quality of the product. In the food industry producing potato chips, sorting of new lot is done to ensure the quality of raw materials being used in the further process. Sorting parameters may be size, color, weight etc. Among these, weight is something that we cannot predict or calculate only by visual inspection, unlike other parameters. The proposed system can be effective in the\r\nsituations where weight of the object is the design metric to sort. In the courier companies, charges are incurred depending upon the weight of the package, there is need to sort the packages on the basis of weight. The proposed model suggests advancements in the existing methods to enhance efficiency and reduce sorting time. The model can reduce the monotonous work required to sort the agricultural products at the market places with added advantages like greater accuracy and elimination of human errors.\r\n\r\nConstruction\u00a0\r\n\r\nThe proposed model mainly consists of mechanical components like a conveyor belt, DC motors, rollers coupled with electronic components like load cell, microcontroller, circuit board and display. Out of the two DC motors, one is used to rotate the input roller and the other actuates the collector bucket. As shown in the figure, belt is mounted over the rollers and the load cell is fitted under the top layer of belt with the help of metallic strips. Electronic circuit board works together with load cell unit and is mounted on the base to guide both the motors for\r\nrotation. At the end of the conveyor is a cylindrical bucket with three compartments, each representing a certain range of weight. The Bucket is a rotary component driven by DC motor whose rotation is controlled by the microcontroller\r\n\r\nDesign and Fabrication of Automatic Weight Sorting Machine\r\n\r\nMETHODOLOGY\r\n\r\nWhen an object is placed on the conveyor belt, it is sensed by the load cell which then generates an analog output. The output voltage of load cell, which is analog, is proportional to the weight of the object. The analog\u00a0output is converted into a digital signal by an AD converter, before being sent to the arduino microcontroller. The arduino then actuates the input DC motor (motor 1) which drives the roller and ultimately the conveyor belt. The weight measured is displayed on a LCD provided on the base. Based on the weight of the object, the arduino\r\nprovides a signal to the stepper motor (motor 2) which results into a rotation by the desired number o f steps. This results into the object being collected in the appropriate section of the collector bucket.\r\n\r\nParts of Model\r\n\r\nMachine Bed : It is made up of mild steel with the dimensions 760x400mm. Supports for the load cell, conveyor belt, roller are welded on the bed. Also all the electronic components are rested on the bed.MS strips for support are 250mm high. Span of the conveyor belt is 128cm\r\n\r\nConveyor Belt : Conveyor belt is mounted on the rollers. Conveyor belt system carries the objects till the collector bucket and the object falls in the appropriate section.\r\n\r\nLoad Cell : Load cell is a mechatronic component which generates an analog output proportional to weight. The load cell used in this machine has maximum capacity of 6 kg. Load cell is mounted just below the conveyor belt with the help of metal strips.\r\n\r\nReference :\r\n\r\nhttp:\/\/www.ijritcc.org\/download\/conferences\/ICIIIME_2017\/ICIIIME_2017_Track\/1499064108_03-07-2017.pdf","headline":"Design and Fabrication of Automatic Weight Sorting Machine","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-07-09","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Design-and-Fabrication-of-Automatic-Weight-Sorting-Machine-300x220.jpg","height":220,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//www.gunkrazy.com/what-is-pfmea-process-failure-modes-and-effects-analysis/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/process-failure-mode-and-effect-analysis-300x213.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to What is PFMEA &#8211; Process Failure Modes and Effects Analysis</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/what-is-pfmea-process-failure-modes-and-effects-analysis/">What is PFMEA &#8211; Process Failure Modes and Effects Analysis</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>What is PFMEA - Process Failure Modes and Effects Analysis
What is PFMEA
Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA)—also "failure modes", plural, in many publications—was one of the first highly...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//www.gunkrazy.com/what-is-pfmea-process-failure-modes-and-effects-analysis/" aria-label="View Post: What is PFMEA &#8211; Process Failure Modes and Effects Analysis">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"What is PFMEA &#8211; Process Failure Modes and Effects Analysis","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/what-is-pfmea-process-failure-modes-and-effects-analysis\/","articleBody":"What is PFMEA - Process Failure Modes and Effects Analysis\r\nWhat is PFMEA\r\nFailure mode and effects analysis (FMEA)\u2014also \"failure modes\", plural, in many publications\u2014was one of the first highly structured, systematic techniques for failure analysis. It was developed by reliability engineers in the late 1950s to study problems that might arise from malfunctions of military systems. A FMEA is often the first step of a system reliability study. It involves reviewing as many components, assemblies, and subsystems as possible to identify failure modes, and their causes and effects. For each component, the failure modes and their resulting effects on the rest of the system are recorded in a specific FMEA worksheet. There are numerous variations of such worksheets. A FMEA can be a qualitative analysis, but may be put on a quantitative basis when mathematical failure rate models are combined with a statistical failure mode ratio database.\r\n\r\nA few different types of FMEA analyses exist, such as:\r\n\r\n \tFunctional\r\n \tDesign\r\n \tProcess\r\n\r\nSometimes FMEA is extended to FMECA (failure mode, effects, and criticality analysis) to indicate that criticality analysis is performed too.\r\n\r\nFMEA is an inductive reasoning (forward logic) single point of failure analysis and is a core task in reliability engineering, safety engineering and quality engineering.\r\n\r\nA successful FMEA activity helps identify potential failure modes based on experience with similar products and processes\u2014or based on common physics of failure logic. It is widely used in development and manufacturing industries in various phases of the product life cycle. Effects analysis refers to studying the consequences of those failures on different system levels.\r\n\r\nFunctional analyses are needed as an input to determine correct failure modes, at all system levels, both for functional FMEA or Piece-Part (hardware) FMEA. An FMEA is used to structure Mitigation for Risk reduction based on either failure (mode) effect severity reduction or based on lowering the probability of failure or both. The FMEA is in principle a full inductive (forward logic) analysis, however the failure probability can only be estimated or reduced by understanding the failure mechanism. Hence, FMEA may include information on causes of failure (deductive analysis) to reduce the possibility of occurrence by eliminating identified\r\n\r\n process failure mode and effect analysis\r\n\r\nPFMEA strategy\r\n\r\nProcess Flow Diagram\r\n\r\nThe starting point is not the PFMEA but defining the process in the process flow diagram. Care must be taken here to select the correct wording and level of resolution. The output of process flow diagram must then be synchronised with the input to the PFMEA so that you critique the correct aspects of the process for risk.\r\n\r\nPFMEA\r\n\r\nYou now compile your PFMEA in terms of failure modes, effects, severity of effects, causes of failure, prevention controls, occurrence, detection controls and their ranking followed by priority. At this stage it is still important to have recommended actions to reduce risk. However you now need to bring the PFMEA to life through the practical deployment of the content of the PFMEA to production. Primary data being the prevention controls to avoid failure and the detection controls to detect failure at the various stages of the process as defined in the process flow.\r\n\r\nProduction documents\r\n\r\nIt is essential that the primary data contained within the PFMEA is displayed at the point of use in plain view to the person who needs to know and act on the data. Failure to do this simple but necessary task will result in a company being exposed to the latent risk of a loss of process control, often resulting in customer complaints. Deployment typically is through the use of visual instructions located where the task takes place, sometimes the data flow is via the control plan (automotive sector), although this does depend of sector specific requirements.\r\n\r\nKey points for consideration are:\r\n\r\n \tSufficient resolution of the process steps in the process flow diagram.\r\n \tThe data contained in the process flow diagram is synchronised to the functional requirements column on the PFMEA.\r\n \tPFMEA is a true reflection of the current situation, as a living document.\r\n \tThe prevention and detection controls defined in the PFMEA are communicated to the person carrying out that particular step of the process at the location where the task is undertaken.\r\n \tAppropriate reaction planning is identified at the process step location to clearly identify what to do if a failure is identified.\r\n\r\nBenefits\r\nMajor benefits derived from a properly implemented FMECA effort are as follows:\r\n\r\n \tIt provides a documented method for selecting a design with a high probability of successful operation and safety.\r\n \tA documented uniform method of assessing potential failure mechanisms, failure modes and their impact on system operation, resulting in a list of failure modes ranked according to the seriousness of their system impact and likelihood of occurrence.\r\n \tEarly identification of single failure points (SFPS) and system interface problems, which may be critical to mission success and\/or safety. They also provide a method of verifying that switching between redundant elements is not jeopardized by postulated single failures.\r\n \tAn effective method for evaluating the effect of proposed changes to the design and\/or operational procedures on mission success and safety.\r\n \tA basis for in-flight troubleshooting procedures and for locating performance monitoring and fault-detection devices.\r\nCriteria for early planning of tests.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","headline":"What is PFMEA &#8211; Process Failure Modes and Effects Analysis","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2018-07-09","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 23, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/process-failure-mode-and-effect-analysis-300x213.jpg","height":213,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/www.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <nav class="pagination-wrapper" aria-label="article pagination"> <a class="prev page-numbers" href="?page_num=176">&laquo; PREV</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=1"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>1</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">&hellip;</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=175"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>175</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=176"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>176</a> <span aria-current="page" class="page-numbers current"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>177</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=178"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>178</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=179"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>179</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">&hellip;</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=338"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>338</a> <a class="next page-numbers" href="?page_num=178">NEXT &raquo;</a></nav></section></main><aside id="secondary" class="widget-area"><div class="about-wrapper"><h2 class="widget-title" style="background: #d693c6; color: #ff392e">About Us</h2><div class="about-image" style="background-image: url('//www.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Sachin-Thorat-300x300-min.png')"></div><p class="about-copy">LearnMech.Com is a Mechanical Project-oriented platform run by Sachin Thorat who is a B-Tech Graduate in Mechanical Engineering. 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